Citation : 2022 Latest Caselaw 4438 Chatt
Judgement Date : 13 July, 2022
1
AFR
HIGH COURT OF CHHATTISGARH, BILASPUR
FAM No. 94 of 2013
(Judgment/Order Reserved on 16.06.2022)
(Delivered on 13.07.2022)
Dr. Ramkeshwar Singh S/o Shankar Prasad Aged About 30
Years R/o Prathmik Swasthya Kendra Mardapal, Tah.
Kondagaon, P.S. Kondagaon, Distt. Kondagaron, Chhattisgarh
--- Petitioner
Versus
Smt. Sheela Singh @ Madhu Singh W/o Ramkeshwar Singh
Aged About 26 Years R/o Center-1 C, 349 T.S. Balco Korba,
P.S. BALCO, Distt. Korba C.G., Chhattisgarh
--- Respondent
For the Appellant : Mr. Manoj Paranjpe, Advocate.
For the Respondent : Mr. Himanshu Pandey, Advocate along with respondent herself.
DB: Hon'ble Mr. Justice Goutam Bhaduri, Judge & Hon'ble-Mrs. Justice Rajani Dubey, Judge
C.A.V. Judgment/Order
Per Goutam Bhaduri, J
1. The present appeal is against the judgment and decree
dated 05.10.2013 passed by the Family Court Bilaspur in
Civil Suit No.25-A/2006 whereby the petition filed by the
husband seeking divorce u/s 13 of the Hindu Marriage Act,
1955 was dismissed.
2. (a) The brief facts of the case as have been pleaded by the
husband before the court below, are that the marriage took
place in between the appellant and respondent on
11.05.1995. Thereafter when she became pregnant
unilaterally she got aborted the child without the consent of
the husband. It is pleaded that after the marriage, the wife
was found suffering with Tuberculosis and she often used to
go to her maternal house and the applicant being a
government doctor, could not always stay with her,
therefore, for her benefit of health, she was sent to her
parental house for treatment in 1995. Thereafter, many a
time, he tried to take her with him but she used to take
pretexts. It is stated that since she was not interested to stay
with the husband, he filed an application for dissolution of
marriage on 02.02.1996 which was eventually withdrawn
before the Court at Jagdalpur and again on 06.11.1998 filed
application for dissolution of marriage. The wife also filed
application on 06.08.1996 before the Addl. Sessions Judge,
Korba for dissolution of marriage which eventually was
withdrawn on 15.03.2004.
2(b) It was pleaded that an FIR was lodged levelling false
allegations against the husband and his entire family
members, for which, a case was registered under section
498-A of IPC, thereby the appellant and his family members
were put to harassment and in such adverse situation, the
mother of appellant died on 06.07.1999 and despite
knowing the information of death of his mother, the wife
had not come to visit the husband. It is also stated that
during the pendency of matrimonial case, the criminal case
came to be finally decided on 28.02.2006 wherein the order
was passed acquitting the husband and his entire family
members. Subsequently the acquittal order was challenged
by the wife in criminal revision before the High Court and
eventually the said revision bearing CRR No. Cr.R.No.340/
2006 was dismissed on 28.11.2019.
3. (a) Learned counsel for the appellant referred to the
pleadings made by him in application for divorce as also the
contents of reply filed by the respondent and would submit
that because of false report made by the wife, his entire
family members were arrested. He would further submit that
the acquittal order which was filed would show that false
allegations were made and because of false report and
initiation of subsequent proceedings, the reputation of the
petitioner being a doctor was adversely affected in the
society. Referring to acquittal order passed by the learned
court below wherein the trial was conducted, he would
submit that while acquitting the appellant along with all
family members, the entire allegations were considered and
the order was passed on merits.
3(b) He would submit that there has been irretrievable
break down of marriage as the parties have been living apart
since 15.05.1996 which is admitted by the father of
respondent that she is residing separately. He further
submits that not only the complaint filed by the wife u/s
498-A came to be dismissed resulting into acquittal but also
the complaint of bigamy filed u/s 494 IPC ended with
dismissal.
3(C) He would further submit that apart from personal
attack, the father of respondent made a correspondence with
the employer State on the ground that the appellant has
obtained the job on the basis of a false certificate, for which,
the litigation was filed before the High Court which too got
dismissed. Therefore, if all the acts are taken into account, it
would certainly amount to cruelty meted out by the wife.
Referring to the judgment of Supreme Court in Rani
Narasimha Sastry v. Rani Suneeta Rani 2019 SCC
OnLine SC 1595 he would further submit that in the like
nature of cases, it is held that false accusations made by
one spouse against the other would amount to cruelty. He
also referred to the judgment passed by this Court in Anjani
Bhattacharya v. Smt. Latika Arpita Bhattacharya ILR
2019 Chhattisgarh 2418 and would submit that the
finding of the trial Court would be wrong.
4. (a) Per contra, Mr. Himanshu Pandey, learned counsel
appearing with the respondent submits that the petitioner
tried to show that the wife was suffering from Tuberculosis
and was forced to leave the house. He would submit that the
appellant being a doctor took the advantage of his position
and falsely declared the wife to be a patient of Tuberculosis,
which later-on was negated by the subsequent medical
examinations and prescriptions, which itself would reveal the
fact that in order to send away the wife, false allegations
were made.
4(b) He further submits that the appellant was in illicit
relations with one Sudha Namdeo who was given the status
of wife, which would be evident from the Life Insurance
Policies wherein name of Sudha Singh was shown as wife and
nominee. He also submits that in Voters ID also Sudha was
shown as wife of the appellant, therefore, this conduct would
show that from the day one, the appellant wanted to get rid
of the wife on one pretext or the other. He further submits
that within one year of marriage, the divorce petition was
filed which would show the intention of the husband.
4(c) With respect to the report made u/s 498-A, he would
submit that the documents and letters which were written
prior to occurrence of incident and making the report, would
reveal that the wife was subjected to cruelty and harassment
and eventually the report was made. He further submits that
even if the acquittal order was there, this would not
completely exonerate the husband of any charge of cruelty
and on the part of the husband, the allegation of respondent-
wife being treated with cruelty still exists. He refers to the
letters written by the wife to her parents and submits that
these letters would show that she was subjected to torture
for demand of dowry and treated with cruelty and she was
forced to undergo abortion on false pretext.
4(d) Referring to the statement of one Jayant Verma, he
would submit that in criminal case, the documents were
exhibited and the statements were recorded to show that the
appellant got married to Sudha Singh, therefore, on some
pretext or the other, the appellant tried to get rid of the
respondent wife, hence it cannot be said that case of cruelty
was not at all existing on the part of appellant. Learned
counsel further submits that in criminal case, no
representation was made on behalf of the State and
complainant, therefore, proper adjudication could not be
done. He also placed reliance in (2017) 14 SCC 194 (Raj
Talreja Vs. Kavita Talreja) to further contend that mere
filing of complaints is not cruelty, if there are justifiable reasons to
file the complaints. He further submits that in respect of
service matter of the appellant, the dispute was not raked-up
by the wife but it was carried forward by her father and she
only intervened in the case.
5. We have heard learned counsel for the parties at a length.
Since the respondent was present in Court, she was also
given opportunity of hearing to argue the case in addition to
the arguments already advanced by her counsel, as such,
she has also argued her case for a considerable time.
6. It is not in dispute that the parties were married on
11.05.1995 and they have been living apart since
15.05.1996 and since then she is residing separately with the
father. Therefore, approximately for one year, they stayed
together and thereafter parted ways. The said fact is fortified
by the statement of her father Ram Swaroop Sinha at para
16. In pleadings made by the husband at Para 7(a) & 7(b), it
is alleged that the allegations were made that he had illicit
relations with one staff-nurse Sudha Namdeo. It has further
been pleaded that the wife has lodged report making false
allegation against the appellant as well as his age-old
parents, unmarried sister and unmarried brothers at Police
Station Chandini District Surguja that she was subjected to
torture for demand of dowry of Rs.1 lakh. In reply to Para 7
of such pleading, it was contended by the wife that the
husband used to maintain illicit relations with one Sudha
Namdeo and spent nights with her. It is further stated that
when a report was made u/s 498-A of IPC certain letters
dated 13.08.1995, 02.10.1995 & 05.11.1995 were seized
during police enquiry which are filed in the case. She further
reiterated the fact that the report made against the family
members including the appellant about torture of non-
applicant for demand of dowry is correct and the police after
investigation came to conclusion that the offence u/s 498-A
is made-out and the charge sheet was filed.
7. During the course of hearing before this court, respondent
wife referred to different letters alleged to have been written
by her while she was staying with the husband and
thereafter. In such letters which were allegedly written on
09.02.1996, 14.02.1996 & 18.02.1996, it has been
contended by the wife that the husband used to harass the
wife, therefore, the cruelty was meted out by the husband to
the wife. As against this, the copy of the FIR made under
section 498-A of IPC is placed on record by the respondent to
show that it was lodged on 19.06.1996. A perusal of the FIR
would show that it was filed against the appellant husband
as well as his aged parents, unmarried sister and brothers.
In such FIR, it was alleged that she was treated with cruelty
for demand of Rs.1 lakh coupled with a further allegation
that he had relations with one lady namely Sudha Namdeo.
8. Pursuant to the report made by respondent wife, enquiry was
conducted and during such enquiry, the documents including
the letters which depict the alleged cruelty meted out by the
husband to the wife were also seized. A perusal of the said
order would show that the report was made after an
application was filed by the husband under Section 13 of the
Hindu Marriage Act.
9. The Court accepted the contention of the husband in a
finding that after the notice of divorce was received, wife
Sheela Singh fabricated the letters and falsely inculpated the
husband and other family members and eventually it was
held that no offence u/s 498-A of IPC is made out. Therefore,
after evaluating the evidence, the learned Judicial Magistrate
acquitted the husband and all the family members by order
dated 28.02.2006. At para 20 of the judgment, the learned
trial Court has recorded the finding of acquittal. Therefore, it
is not in dispute that the said acquittal order passed on
28.02.2006 was filed before the learned Family Court.
Though such document was not exhibited, yet it is a judicial
pronouncement.
10. The M.P. High Court (Indore Bench) in Second Appeal
No.303 of 1958 (Jadi Bai Versus Harsingh) decided on
08th March, 1961 reported in 1963 JLJ 842 had reiterated
the view taken by Their Lordships of Privy Council in Tulshi
Ram v. Kamla Prasad Balam Das, 1937 AIR (Pat) 222
and held that where the documents are duly produced
without objection and being certified copies of public
documents can be taken to be proved and where after such
production the opposite party had fair opportunity to rebut
that material, it cannot be said that the documents should be
left out of consideration on account of non-compliance with
what may be called a mere formality of making an
endorsement as to their admission.
11. Here, in the instant case, it has not been disputed about the
issuance of the document i.e., certified copy of the judgment
of acquittal. Therefore, in exercise of power under Order 41
Rule 27 of CPC, the discretion of Court would lean in favour
of the appellant by inferring the fact that a criminal trial was
held which resulted into acquittal. It being certified copy of
judgment is accepted in evidence. This Court In Abhishek
S/o Narayan versus Seema W/o Abhishek 2021
LawSuit (Chh) 869 while allowing the application under
Order 41 Rule 27 of CPC, held that certified copy of the
judgment is accepted as evidence being a relevant fact.
12. The order of acquittal was challenged by the wife in Criminal
Revision No. 340/2006 filed before the high Court. The
learned single Bench of this Court, after hearing the
argument at length especially the contention of the wife that
the acquittal judgment of the trial Court is bad in law as also
considering the facts on record observed that the learned
trial Court has appreciated the oral and documentary
evidence at Paras 10 to 13 which is clear from Ex.D-1 to D-
68. It was further observed that the trial Court has examined
and cross examined witness Ramkeshwar Singh in evidence
and came to a finding that the prosecution has failed to
prove its case beyond reasonable doubt, on the other hand,
the accused respondents have succeeded to prove their
defence. It was therefore further held that the learned trial
Court has rightly acquitted the respondents from the charge.
This order of dismissal of revision affirming the order of
acquittal which was at the behest of respondent No.5 is also
not in dispute. The certified copy of the same has been
placed on record.
13. The respondent wife by reading the correspondence, which
was stated to have been made prior to the report u/s 498-A,
has tried to establish that she was treated with cruelty. It
was eventually concluded by way of FIR. The said argument
of the respondent appears to be completely misconceived for
the reason that the evidence which was led before the Court
of Judicial Magistrate including the letters written which
were alleged to be seized during the enquiry by the Police
were produced in the criminal case. Later on, after the
evidence was adduced the court below came to conclusion
that no offence u/s 498-A of IPC is made out to hold that the
wife was treated with cruelty for demand of dowry. Any
effort, at this stage, would amount to reviewing the finding
arrived at by the Judicial Magistrate as also the High Court
and would not be in proper judicial propriety to disturb the
finding in the revision passed by the High Court.
14. The further submission has been made by the wife that the
husband being a doctor took the advantage of his position
and false ailment of Tuberculosis was clamped. During the
course of submission, the document has been referred by the
respondent wife that while she was tested for Tuberculosis at
her parental place, it was all tested negative. Certain letters
written by the husband have been referred to demonstrate
that it was the husband who insisted that the wife was ailing.
However, this Court cannot act as an expert to give an
opinion that whether the respondent was actually suffering
from Tuberculosis for the reason that the subsequent
negative report came. Whereas in the application for divorce
the husband only stated that she was suffering from
Tuberculosis before the marriage and it was concealed
during marriage. However, after the marriage, she was
being treated. Except this, no inference can be arrived at by
the submission of the parties.
15. The documents and the facts surfaced on record would show
that on the basis of report made by the wife u/s 498-A of IPC
the husband along-with all other family members were roped
in and they were eventually arrested. The respondent wife
tried to canvass that she was treated with cruelty by the
husband by showing that he wrote certain love letters which
were recovered from the suit case which are marked as
Ex.D-1 to D-3. It has been further stated that in Life
Insurance Policy, the wife was shown as Sudha and not the
respondent. The LIC Policies were marked as Ex.D-7, D-8, D-
9 & D-10. Likewise, the voters list was marked as Ex.D-5
wherein at Sl.No.479 the name of R.K. Singh appears and at
Sl.No.480 the name of Sudha Kushwaha, wife of R.K.Singh is
shown. These evidences may invite the inference about the
character of husband, however, will not over ride the report
made by wife under Section 498-A of IPC and subsequent
acquittal by the Courts on merits.
16. The Supreme Court in Samar Ghosh Versus Jaya Ghosh
(2007) 4 SCC 511 has indicated the illustrative cases
wherein the inference of mental cruelty can be drawn. Para
101 is relevant and quoted below:
"101. No uniform standard can ever be laid down for guidance, yet we deem it appropriate to enumerate some instances of human behaviour which may be relevant in dealing with the cases of "mental cruelty". The instances indicated in the succeeding paragraphs are only illustrative and not exhaustive :
(I) On consideration of complete matrimonial life of the parties, acute mental pain, agony and suffering as would not make possible for the parties to live with each other could come within the broad parameters of mental cruelty.
(ii) On comprehensive appriasal of the entire matrimonial life of the parties, it becomes abundantly clear that situation is such that the wronged party cannot reasonably be asked to put up with such conduct and continue to live with other party.
(iii) Mere coldness or lack of affection cannot amount to cruelty, frequent rudeness of language, petulance of manner, indifference and neglect may reach such a degree that it makes the married life for the other spouse absolutely intolerable.
(iv) Mental cruelty is a state of mind. The feeling of deep anguish, disappointment, frustration in one spouse caused by the conduct of other for a long time may lead to mental cruelty.
(v) A sustained course of abusive and
humiliating treatment calculated to
torture, discommode or render miserable
life of the spouse.
(vi) Sustained unjustifiable conduct and
behaviour of one spouse actually affecting physical and mental health of the other spouse. The treatment complained of and the resultant danger or apprehension must be very grave, substantial and weighty.
(vii) Sustained reprehensible conduct, studied neglect, indifference or total departure from the normal standard of conjugal kindness causing injury to mental health or deriving sadistic pleasure can also amount to mental cruelty.
(viii) The conduct must be much more than jealousy, selfishness, possessiveness, which causes unhappiness and dissatisfaction and emotional upset may not be a ground for grant of divorce on the ground of mental cruelty.
(ix) Mere trivial irritations, quarrels, normal wear and tear of the married life which happens in day-to-day life would not be adequate for grant of divorce on the ground of mental cruelty.
(x) The married life should be reviewed as a whole and a few isolated instances over a period of years will not amount to cruelty.
The ill conduct must be persistent for a fairly lengthy period, where the relationship has deteriorated to an extent that because of the acts and behaviour of a spouse, the wronged party finds it extremely difficult to live with the other party any longer, may amount to mental cruelty.
(xii) Unilateral decision of refusal to have intercourse for considerable period without there being any physical incapacity or valid reason may amount to mental cruelty.
(xiii) Unilateral decision of either husband or wife after marriage not to have child from the marriage may amount to cruelty.
(xiv) Where there has been a long period of continuous separation, it may fairly be concluded that the matrimonial bond is beyond repair. The marriage becomes a fiction though supported by a legal tie. By refusing to sever that tie, the law in such cases, does not serve the sanctity of marriage; on the contrary, it shows scant regard for the feelings and emotions of the parties. In such like situations, it may lead to mental cruelty."
17. Further the Supreme Court in Rani Narasimha Sastri Vs.
Rani Suneela Rani 2019 SCC Online S.C. 1595 has
observed that when a prosecution was launched against the
husband on a complaint made by the wife u/s 498-A of IPC
making serious allegations in which the husband and his
family members were constrained to undergo trial which
ultimately resulted into acquittal, then in such case it cannot
be accepted that no cruelty was meted out on the husband,
therefore, he can make a ground for grant of decree of
dissolution of marriage u/s 13(1)(i-a) of the Act. In the
instant case, the report was made by the wife not only
against the husband but also against his aged parents,
unmarried sisters and brothers of the appellant. Admittedly,
they were arrested and had sustained the torment of
criminal trials. A perusal of the judgment of acquittal of the
learned court below followed by the finding arrived by the
High Court would show that the appellant was acquitted of
the charges by recording the clear findings.
18. In case of Raj Talreja Vs. Kavita Talreja AIR 2017 SC
2138 the legal position as to when a false complaint would
amount to cruelty was also examined, as below :
"11. Cruelty can never be defined with
exactitude. What is cruelty will depend upon the
facts and circumstances of each case. In the present case, from the facts narrated above, it is apparent that the wife made reckless, defamatory and false accusations against her husband, his family members and colleagues, which would definitely have the effect of lowering his reputation in the eyes of his peers. Mere filing of complaints is not cruelty, if there are justifiable reasons to file the complaints. Merely because no action is taken on the complaint or after trial the accused is acquitted may not be a ground to treat such accusations of the wife as cruelty within the meaning of the Hindu Marriage act, 1955 (For short the Act). However, if it is found that the allegations are patently false, then there can be no manner of doubt that the said conduct of a spouse levelling false accusations against the other spouse would be an act of cruelty. In the present case, all the allegations were found to be false. Later, she filed another complaint alleging that her husband along with some other persons had trespassed into her house and assaulted her. The police found, on investigation, that not only was the complaint false but also the injuries were self-inflicted by the wife. Thereafter, proceedings were launched against the wife under section 182 IPC".
19. Applying the above legal proposition, we are of the opinion
that in this case false accusations were made by the wife and
having made the report with false allegations, the appellant
and his entire family members including his age old parents
were forced to pass through the of criminal trial which would
definitely have the effect of lowering his reputation in the
society. Certainly it will have an adverse affect in the social
standing of a family as it results into isolation of a person
who faced criminal trials because of the false accusations
made by the other spouse. Therefore, before making such
allegations, regard must be had to social status, educational
level of the parties and the society they move-in, otherwise,
such allegations would amount to cruelty.
20. In the landmark decision of Mayadevi vs. Jagdish Prasad
(2007), the Supreme Court held that both either spouse can
apply for divorce on grounds of any kind of mental cruelty
faced and the provision was not just restricted to woman but
extended to men as well. In that case, the husband was
granted divorce on grounds of repeated cruelty inflicted by
his wife.
21. Further in a recent decision of Joydeep Majumdar v.
Bharti Jaiswal Majumdar (2021) (supra), a similar issue
was dealt with by the Supreme Court where the wife had
marred the reputation of the husband by defamatory
complaints to husband's superiors in army, which led to a
Court of inquiry held by the Army authorities against the
husband. His reputation was damaged and career progress
suffered. The Supreme Court held "When the reputation of
the spouse is sullied amongst his colleagues, his superiors
and the society at large, it would be difficult to expect
condonation of such conduct by the affected party." The
Court also held that the High Court was in error in describing
the broken relationship as normal wear and tear of middle
class married life and the marriage was dissolved.
22. In the present case, apart from the appellant-husband, his
entire family members were inculpated. The wife alleged
that the husband has treated her with cruelty and he was not
entitled to divorce. In acquittal judgment of the Court below,
it was categorically found that the allegations are patently
false. If the letters on which the respondent wife vehemently
relied are examined, the cumulative effect of which would go
to show that periodically the allegations are made against
the husband and all her in-laws. The authenticity of the
letters was not accepted by the learned trial Court while
adjudicating the trial. As such, when the finding has been
arrived at about the conduct of the respondent who levelled
false accusations against the appellant, it would lead to show
"Cruelty" on her part.
23. The Supreme Court in V. Bhagat v. D. Bhagat (Mrs.)
(1994) 1 SCC 33 held that mental cruelty in Section 13(1)
(i-a) can broadly be defined as that conduct which inflicts
upon the other party such mental pain and suffering as
would make it not possible for that party to live with the
other. In other words, mental cruelty must be of such a
nature that the parties cannot reasonably be expected to live
together. The situation must be such that the wronged party
cannot reasonably be asked to put-up with such conduct and
continue to live with the other party. It is not necessary to
prove that the mental cruelty is such as to cause injury to
the health of the petitioner. While arriving at such
conclusion, regard must be had to the social status,
educational level of the parties, the society they move in, the
possibility or otherwise of the parties ever living together in
case they are already living apart and all other relevant facts
and circumstances which it is neither possible nor desirable
to set out exhaustively. What is cruelty in one case may not
amount to cruelty in another case. It is a matter to be
determined in each case having regard to the facts and
circumstances of that case. If it is a case of accusations and
allegations, regard must also be had to the context in which
they were made.
24. The appellant is a Doctor and as stated during the course of
hearing, the respondent wife is a private teacher. Therefore,
facing a criminal case would always castigate a stigma in the
Society. The report u/s 498-A of the IPC cannot be used as a
tool to teach a lesson to the family members of the husband
as it may adversely affect the future prospects of a young
professional and it may take long time to fill up the gap.
Therefore, we are of the opinion that false accusations made
by the wife against the entire family members under section
498-A would amount to mental cruelty and such conduct of
respondent wife which inflicts upon the appellant husband
such mental pain and suffering would make it not possible
for her to live with the appellant husband.
25. With respect to bigamy, copy of the order dated 14.09.2011
passed by the Additional Sessions Judge, Korba in criminal
revision No.36/2011 wherein the respondent was also a
party, has been produced by the wife. A perusal of the same
would show that a complaint was filed by the wife u/s 494
read with section 39 wherein certain interim order dated
19.12.2017 was granted. Though the bunch of documents
have been filed by the wife, what was the ultimate fate of the
complaint filed by the wife u/s 494 has not been made clear.
Therefore, at this stage, no finding can be given about the
relationship of the husband with the lady Sudha Namdeo.
26. Further the nature of accusations made against each other
in a matrimonial case would show that since 1996, the
parties are living apart and litigating in different courts.
Taking into such facts into consideration, we are of the view
that that there is irretrievable break-down of marriage which
is beyond repairs. Under the circumstances, we allow the
appeal and grant a decree of divorce to the husband. The
marriage solemnized between the parties is dissolved and
accordingly a decree be drawn.
27. Now coming to grant of alimony to wife, it is apparent from
the facts and pleadings that the appellant is a Government
Doctor and the respondent is a teacher in a private school.
Since the appellant is a Government Officer drawing salary
from State exchequer and looking to the status of parties, in
order to avoid further litigation between the parties, it would
be appropriate for us to grant alimony of Rs.15,000/- per
month to the wife, which would be deducted from the monthly
salary of appellant. Accordingly, it is directed that the appellant
shall pay maintenance of Rs.15000/- per month which the wife is
entitled to received through the court below after making
necessary deductions every month from the salary of the
appellant.
Sd/- Sd/-
(Goutam Bhaduri) (Rajani Dubey)
Judge Judge
Rao
Head Notes
The report u/s 498-A IPC cannot be used as a weapon to
teach a lesson to the entire family of husband to settle a
matrimonial score with the husband.
ifr ds lkFk oSokfgd fookn ds fuiVkjs gsrq Hkkjrh; naM fo/kku dh /kkjk 498&d
ds v/khu fjiksVZ dk iz;ksx ifr ds leLr ifjokj dks lcd fl[kkus ds fy, ,d
gfFk;kj ds :i esa ugha fd;k tk ldrk gSA
Publish Your Article
Campus Ambassador
Media Partner
Campus Buzz
LatestLaws.com presents: Lexidem Offline Internship Program, 2026
LatestLaws.com presents 'Lexidem Online Internship, 2026', Apply Now!