Jharkhand High Court

Harsh Suman vs The State Of Jharkhand on 4 July, 2022

                                         1

       IN THE HIGH COURT OF JHARKHAND AT RANCHI
                    Cr.M.P. No. 1126 of 2019

Harsh Suman                                           ......    Petitioner
                              Versus
1.The State of Jharkhand
2. Trisha Kumari                            ...... Opposite Parties
                   ---------

CORAM:        HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE SANJAY KUMAR DWIVEDI
                          ---------
For the Petitioner : Ms. Chandana Kumari, Advocate
For the State      : Mr. Rajneesh Vardhan, A.P.P.
For the O.P. No. 2 : Ms. Ruby Yadav, Advocate

8/Dated: 04/07/2022

Heard Ms. Chandana Kumari, learned counsel for the petitioner, Mr.

Rajneesh Vardhan, learned counsel for the State and Ms. Ruby Yadav, learned

counsel for the O.P. No.2

2. This criminal miscellaneous petition has been filed for quashing of

cognizance order dated 12.12.2018 including the entire criminal proceedings in

connection with Complaint Case No. 399 of 2018, pending in the Court of learned

Judicial Magistrate, Ist Class, Saraikella.

3. Ms. Chandana Kumari, learned counsel appearing for the petitioner submits

that the case is arising out of matrimonial dispute and both parties have

compromised the case by filing joint petition under section 13(B) of the Hindu

Marriage Act for mutual divorce which has been brought on record by way of I.A. No.

4740 of 2022 filed for seeking permission to compromise the case.

4. Ms. Ruby Yadav, learned counsel for the O.P. No. 2 submits that matter

has been compromised between the petitioner and O.P. No. 2 does not want to

proceed further with this case. She further submits that both the parties have decided

to obtain divorce by way of mutual consent under section 13(B) of Hindu Marriage

Act.

5. Learned counsels for the petitioner as well as O.P. No. 2 jointly submit

that a joint petition has been filed before the Principal Judge, Family Court, Patna

numbered as Matrimonial Case No. 1193 of 2018 which has been annexed with the

joint compromise petition.

6. Learned counsel for the State fairly submits that as the matter has been

compromised, the Court may pass appropriate order.

7. In paragraph 9 of the Matrimonial Case No. 1193 of 2018 it has been

stated that both the parties have agreed to withdraw or compromise all the cases

pending in the different courts in Bihar and Jharkhand within fortnight from filing of

that petition. In the said para the present Cr.M.P. No. 1126 of 2019 has also been

mentioned.

8. In the case of Narinder Singh & Ors. Versus State of Punjab & Anr.,

reported in (2014) 6 SCC 466, the Hon'ble Supreme Court has held that in those

cases which are not compoundable and there is no chance of conviction and also

there is no societal interest, where the parties have settled the matter between

themselves, the power is to be exercised. In Paragraphs-27 and 28, the Hon'ble

Supreme Court has held as follows:-

"27. At this juncture, we would like also to add that the timing of settlement would also play a crucial role. If the settlement is arrived at immediately after the alleged commission of offence when the matter is still under investigation, the High Court may be somewhat liberal in accepting the settlement and quashing the proceedings/investigation. Of course, it would be after looking into the attendant circumstances as narrated in the previous para. Likewise, when challan is submitted but the charge has not been framed, the High Court may exercise its discretionary jurisdiction. However, at this stage, as mentioned above, since the report of the I.O. under Section 173, Cr.P.C. is also placed before the Court it would become the bounding duty of the Court to go into the said report and the evidence collected, particularly the medical evidence relating to injury etc. sustained by the victim. This aspect, however, would be examined along with another important consideration, namely, in view of settlement between the parties, whether it would be unfair or contrary to interest of justice to continue with the criminal proceedings and whether possibility of conviction is remote and bleak. If the Court finds the answer to this question in affirmative, then also such a case would be a fit case for the High Court to give its stamp of approval to the compromise arrived at between the parties, inasmuch as in such cases no useful purpose would be served in carrying out the criminal proceedings which in all likelihood would end in acquittal, in any case.

28. We have found that in certain cases, the High Courts have accepted the compromise between the parties when the matter in appeal was pending before the High Court against the conviction recorded by the trial court. Obviously, such cases are those where the accused persons have been found guilty by the trial court, which means the serious charge of Section 307 IPC has been proved beyond reasonable doubt at the level of the trial court. There would not be any question of accepting compromise and acquitting the accused persons simply because the private parties have buried the hatche."

9. In the case of " Gian Singh Vs. State of Punjab & Anr." reported in

(2012) 10 SCC 303, the Hon'ble Supreme Court has also conceded about the

quashing of the case in terms of the settlement, arrived at between the parties.

Paragraph-61 of the said judgment reads as follows:-

"61. The position that emerges from the above discussion can be summarised thus: the power of the High Court in quashing a criminal proceeding or FIR or complaint in exercise of its inherent jurisdiction is distinct and different from the power given to a criminal court for compounding the offences under Section 320 of the Code. Inherent power is of wide plenitude with no statutory limitation but it has to be exercised in accord with the guideline engrafted in such power viz.: (i) to secure the ends of justice, or (ii) to prevent abuse of the process of any court. In what cases power to quash the criminal proceeding or complaint or FIR may be exercised where the offender and the victim have settled their dispute would depend on the facts and circumstances of each case and no category can be prescribed. However, before exercise of such power, the High Court must have due regard to the nature and gravity of the crime. Heinous and serious offences of mental depravity or offences like murder, rape, dacoity, etc. cannot be fittingly quashed even though the victim or victim's family and the offender have settled the dispute. Such offences are not private in nature and have a serious impact on society. Similarly, any compromise between the victim and the offender in relation to the offences under special statutes like the Prevention of Corruption Act or the offences committed by public servants while working in that capacity, etc.; cannot provide for any basis for quashing criminal proceedings involving such offences. But the criminal cases having overwhelmingly and predominatingly civil flavour stand on a different footing for the purposes of quashing, particularly the offences arising from commercial, financial, mercantile, civil, partnership or such like transactions or the offences arising out of matrimony relating to dowry, etc. or the family disputes where the wrong is basically private or personal in nature and the parties have resolved their entire dispute. In this category of cases, the High Court may quash the criminal proceedings if in its view, because of the compromise between the offender and the victim, the possibility of conviction is remote and bleak and continuation of the criminal case would put the accused to great oppression and prejudice and extreme injustice would be caused to him by not quashing the criminal case despite full and complete settlement and compromise with the victim. In other words, the High Court must consider whether it would be unfair or contrary to the interest of justice to continue with the criminal proceeding or continuation of the criminal proceeding would tantamount to abuse of process of law despite settlement and compromise between the victim and the wrongdoer and whether to secure the ends of justice, it is appropriate that the criminal case is put to an end and if the answer to the above question(s) is in the affirmative, the High Court shall be well within its jurisdiction to quash the criminal proceeding."

10. In view of the aforesaid facts and considering the compromise petition,

filed by both the parties before this Court stating that the matter has been

compromised between the parties, there is matrimonial dispute, both the parties have

decided to obtain divorce by way of mutual consent, O.P. No. 2 does not want to

proceed with the case, no societal interest is involved in this case, considering the

statement made in para 9 of the matrimonial suit and also taking into consideration

the judgments of Hon'ble Supreme Court in the cases of Narinder Singh & Ors.

(Supra) and Gian Singh (Supra), the cognizance order dated 12.12.2018

including the entire criminal proceedings in connection with Complaint Case No. 399

of 2018, pending in the Court of learned Judicial Magistrate, Ist Class, Saraikella,

are hereby quashed.

11. Cr.M.P. No. 1126 of 2019 stands allowed and disposed of. I.A. No. 4740