Rajasthan High Court - Jodhpur
Anand And Ors vs Shyam Lal And Ors on 15 May, 2025
[2025:RJ-JD:20713]
HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE FOR RAJASTHAN AT
JODHPUR
S.B. Civil First Appeal No. 437/2013
1. Anand S/o Shri Madhav Lal (Shri Manishanand Suri)
2. Ashish S/o Shri Madhav Lal (Shri Manishanand Suri)
3. Mamta D/o Shri Madhav Lal (Shri Manishanand Suri)
All R/o 69, Murlidhar Vyas Nagar, Bikaner.
----Appellant (s)
Versus
1. Shyam Lal S/o Shri Madan Lal (Since deceased through
his legal heirs) :-
1/1. Smt. Suraj Devi W/o Lt. Sh. Shyam Lal Ji
Shrimali, age 74 years,
1/2. Smt. Renubala W/o Lt. Sh. Chandrashekhar D/o
Lt. Sh. Shyam Lal Shrimali, age 53 years,
1/3. Shivam Shrimali S/o Lt. Sh. Chandrashekhar
Shrimali, age 26 years,
1/4. Shubham Shrimali S/o Lt. Sh. Chandrashekhar
Shrimali, age 25 years,
1/5. Chandraprakash Shrimali S/o Lt. Sh. Shyam Lal
Shrimali, age 55 years,
1/6. Ms. Lata Shrimali D/o Lt. Sh. Shyam Lal Shrimali,
age 53 years,
All R/o Shrimali Gali, Brahmpuri chowk,
Chungharon Ka Mohalla, Bikaner. Presently R/o D
669, Malviya Nagar, Jaipur.
1/7. Smt. Sunita D/o Lt. Sh. Shyam Lal Shrimali, R/o
52/165, Pratap Nagar, Sanganer, Jaipur.
2. Govind Lal S/o Sh. Madan Lal, R/o Veer Mohalla,
Parbatsar, Dist. Nagaur.
3. Manohar Lal S/o Sh. Madan Lal, R/o Choongaran
Mohalla, Brahmpuri, Shrimalion Ki Gali, Bikaner.
4. Smt. Pushpa Wd/o Lt. Sh. Madhav Lal (Shri
Manishanand Suri) R/o D-69, Murlidhar Vyas Nagar,
Bikaner.
5. Kan Singh S/o Sh. Chand Singh Bhati, R/o Kanshinghji
Ka Dera, Panwarsar Kuwa, Bikaner.
(Downloaded on 15/05/2025 at 09:46:50 PM)
[2025:RJ-JD:20713] (2 of 27) [CFA-437/2013]
6. Narendra Singh S/o Shri Kan Singh, R/o Chandra
Travels Road, Opposite Reserve Police Lines, Bikaner.
7. Ganesh S/o Sh. Mangal Singh Mali, R/o Dhavadion Ka
Mohalla, Opposite Reserve Police Lines, Bikaner.
8. Shyama W/o Shri Hanuman Ram, R/o Dhavadion Ka
Mohalla, Opposite Reserve Police Lines, Biikaner.
----Respondent(s)
Connected With
S.B. Cross Objection (Civil) No. 41/2018
1. Shyam Lal S/o Late Shri Madan Lal (Since deceased
through his legal heirs) :-
1/1. Smt. Suraj Devi W/o Lt. Sh. Shyam Lal Ji
Shrimali, age 74 years,
1/2. Smt. Renubala W/o Lt. Sh. Chandrashekhar D/o
Lt. Sh. Shyam Lal Shrimali, age 53 years,
1/3. Shivam Shrimali S/o Lt. Sh. Chandrashekhar
Shrimali, age 26 years,
1/4. Shubham Shrimali S/o Lt. Sh. Chandrashekhar
Shrimali, age 25 years,
1/5. Chandraprakash Shrimali S/o Lt. Sh. Shyam Lal
Shrimali, age 55 years,
1/6. Ms. Lata Shrimali D/o Lt. Sh. Shyam Lal
Shrimali, age 53 years,
All R/o Shrimali Gali, Brahmpuri chowk,
Chungharon Ka Mohalla, Bikaner. Presently R/o
D 669, Malviya Nagar, Jaipur.
1/7. Smt. Sunita D/o Lt. Sh. Shyam Lal Shrimali, R/o
52/165, Pratap Nagar, Sanganer, Jaipur.
2. Govindlal S/o Late Sh. Madanlal, Age 64 years, R/o
Veer Mohalla, Parbatsar, District Nagaur.
3. Manoharlal S/o Late Sh. Madanlal, Age 62 years, R/o
Choongaran Mohalla, Brahmpuri, Shrimalion Ki Gali,
Bikaner.
----Appellant
Versus
1. Kansingh S/o Late Sh. Chandsingh, Age 74 years, R/o
(Downloaded on 15/05/2025 at 09:46:50 PM)
[2025:RJ-JD:20713] (3 of 27) [CFA-437/2013]
Kanshingh Ka Dera, Panwarsar Kunwa, Bikaner.
2. Narendrasingh S/o Shri Kansingh, Age 42 years, R/o
Chandra Travels, Gajner Road, Opposite Reserve Police
Lines, Bikaner.
3. Ganeshsingh S/o Sh. Mangalsingh Ji, Age 65 years, R/o
Dhavadion Ka Mohalla, Opposite Reserve Police Lines,
Bikaner.
4. Smt. Shyama W/o Shri Hanumanram Ji, R/o Dhavadion
Ka Mohalla, Opposite Reserve Police Lines, Bikaner.
5. Anand S/o Shri Madhav Lal (Manishanandpuri),
6. Ashish S/o Shri Madhavlal Ji (Manishanandpuri),
7. Mamta D/o Shri Madhavlal Ji (Manishanandpuri),
8. Smt. Pushpa Ex w/o Sh. Madhavlal Ji
(Manishanandpuri),
All resident of D-69, Murlidhar Vyas Nagar, Bikaner.
----Respondent
For Appellant(s) : Mr. Sanjay Mathur
For Respondent(s) : Mr. Surendra Thanvi
HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE CHANDRA SHEKHAR SHARMA
Judgment
Reserved on : 25/04/2025
Pronounced on : 15/05/2025
[email protected] dh vksj ls ;s nhokuh izFke vihy
varxZr /kkjk 96 flfoy izfØ;k lafgrk ,oa vkifÙ[email protected] dh
vksj ls ØkWl vkWCtsD'ku ¼nhokuh½ varxZr vkns'k 41 fu;e 22
flfoy izfØ;k lafgrk ds rgr vij ftyk U;k;k/kh'k la[;k 1]
chdkusj }kjk fu;fer nhokuh okn la[;k 149@2011 esa ikfjr fu.kZ;
,oa fMØh fnukad 22-07-2013 ls O;fFkr gksdj izLrqr dh xbZ gaS]
ftlds }kjk fd izR;FkhZ la[;k 1 ls [email protected] dh vksj ls is'k
okni= dks vkaf'kd :i ls fMØh fd;k x;k FkkA
[2025:RJ-JD:20713] (4 of 27) [CFA-437/2013]
02- fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; ds le{k izR;FkhZ la[;k 1 ls
[email protected] dh vksj ls izLrqr okn ds la{ksi esa rF; bl izdkj gSa
fd oknhx.k ds firk enuyky Jhekyh dks ;w-vkbZ-Vh- chdkusj }kjk
vejflagiqjk] fjtoZ iqfyl ykbu ds lkeus fLFkr ,d Hkw[k.M
vkoafVr dj fnukad 26-10-1968 dks mldk dCtk lqiqnZ fd;k x;k]
ftldk fofèkor gLrkarj.k foys[k ;w-vkbZ-Vh- }kjk fnukad 15-07-1980
dks muds i{k esa rgjhj o rdehy fd;k x;kA oknhx.k ds firk Lo-
enuyky us mDr Hkw[k.M ds lacaèk esa fnukad 08-12-1977 dks oknh
la- 1 ds i{k esa LosPNk ls olh;r dhA muds fuèku fnukad
14-11-1987 ds i'pkr~ mDr Hkw[k.M ij oknh la- 1 dk LokfeRo
LFkkfir gqvk] ftlus Iy‚V dk dqN Hkkx oknh la- 2 o 3 dks Øe'k%
fnukad 10-11-1994 dks fx¶V dj fn;kA oknhx.k dk ,d vU; HkkbZ
ekèkoyky Fkk] ftlus fnukad 06-03-1994 dks laU;kl ysdj viuk
uke euh"kkuaniqjh j[kk rFkk laU;kl ysus ls iwoZ mlus viuh iRuh
iq"ik nsoh dks rykd ns fn;k] ftldh fMØh U;k;ky; }kjk fnukad
01-10-1986 dks ikfjr dj nh xbZA vr% ek/koyky] mldh iRuh
iq"iknsoh o mlds iq=&iqf=;ksa dk mDr Hkw[k.M ls dksbZ lacaèk ugha
jgkA izfroknh la[;k 1 o 2 dh laifRr oknhx.k dh lEifRr ds iwoZ
esa fLFkr gSA çfroknh la- 1 o 2 us Hkw[k.M ds mÙkj&iwoZ dksus dh 2-
5 QhV tehu nckdj vLFkkbZ xqeVh ¼ekdZ ,Dl½ cuk yh o
voSèk :i ls rhu njokts ¼ekdZ okbZ&1] okbZ&2] okbZ&3½ oknhx.k ds
Hkw[k.M dh vksj [kksy fn;s rFkk oknhx.k ds Hkw[kaM dh iwoÊ vksj yxh
ifê;ka m[kkM+dj clsa [kM+h djuk izkjaHk dj fn;k o ekdZ *,* LFkku
ij [kks[kk j[kk rFkk ekdZ *ch* LFkku ij x.ks'k uke ds O;fDr
¼izfroknh la[;k 5½ dks vLFkkbZ :i ls [kks[kk yxkus dh vuqefr nh
xbZ Fkh] ftl btktr dks oknhx.k }kjk fnukad 05-04-2006 dks jí
dj fn;k x;k] vr% mldk dCtk voSèk gSA çfroknh la- 6 o 7 us
[2025:RJ-JD:20713] (5 of 27) [CFA-437/2013]
Hkh ekdZ *lh* o *Mh* LFkku ij [kks[ks j[kdj vfrØe.k fd;kA vr%
oknhx.k mDr lEifÙk ds oSèk Lokeh gksus ds ukrs izfroknhx.k ls
okLrfod dCtk çkIr djus] izfroknh la[;k 1 o 2 }kjk 2-5 QhV
tehu nckdj cukbZ xbZ voSèk xqeVh /oLr dj mldk okLrfod
dCtk fnyokus] oknhx.k ds Hkw[k.M dh rjQ fudkys x, njokts can
djokus rFkk 25]000@&#i;s çfrekg ehUl çksfQV fnyokus dk
vuqrks"k pkgrs gq, izfroknhx.k ds fo#) LFkk;h fu"ksèkkKk dh fMØh
tkjh djus dh çkFkZuk dh gSA
03- izfroknh la[;k 1 o 2 dh vksj ls tokcnkok izLrqr dj
oknhx.k }kjk okni= esa fd, x, dFkuksa dks vLohdkj djrs gq,
fuosnu fd;k fd fookfnr laifÙk ds iwoZ dh rjQ izfroknh la[;k 1
o 2 dh laifÙk ugha gSA izfroknh la[;k 1 o 2 dh tkudkjh ds
vuqlkj fookfnr laifÙk ds ekfyd o dkfct izfroknh la[;k 3 o 4
,oa izfroknh la[;k 4 ds iq= o iq=h gSaA fookfnr laifÙk ds iwohZ vksj
dh ifÍ;k¡ oknhx.k dh yxkbZ gqbZ ugha gSA izfroknh la[;k 2 us
fookfnr laifÙk esa [kks[ks ds vykok 'ks"k Hkkx ij viuh QeZ pUnzk
VªsoYl dh clsa [kM+h djus o gksVy yxkus gsrq izfroknh la[;k 3 o
4 rFkk izfroknh la[;k 4 ds iq= o iq=h ls btktr ys j[kh gSA
oknhx.k fookfnr laifÙk ds ekfyd ugha gksus ls izfroknhx.k ds
fo#) fu"ks/kkKk dh fMØh] ehUl izksfQV o vU; dksbZ vuqrks"k izkIr
djus ds vf/kdkjh ugha gSaA var esa oknhx.k dk nkok [kkfjt djus
dk fuosnu fd;kA
04- izfroknh la[;k 3 o 4 dh vksj ls tokcnkok o dkmaVj Dyse
izLrqr dj oknhx.k }kjk okni= esa fd, x, dFkuksa dks vLohdkj
djrs gq, dFku fd;k x;k fd oknhx.k dh vksj ls okni= esa crkbZ
xbZ olh;r QthZ] dwVjfpr o lkft'kkuk gSA okni= esa of.kZr laiw.kZ
tk;nkn ij izfroknh la[;k 3 o 4 gh dkfct gSaA tc oknhx.k o
[2025:RJ-JD:20713] (6 of 27) [CFA-437/2013]
mlds ifjokjokyksa us izfroknh la[;k 4 dks ngst ds fy, rax o
ijs'kku djds "kM~;a=iwoZd cPpksa lfgr ?kj ls fudkydj rykd
fnyok fn;k] rc izfroknh la[;k 4 us fookfnr laifÙk ij vius iq=ksa
o iq=h lfgr dCtk dj fy;kA izfroknh la[;k 4 o mlds nks iq=ksa
o iq=h dk dCtk fiNys 20 o"kksZa ls pyk vk jgk gSA izfroknh la[;k
3 o 4 dk fookfnr laifÙk ij gksLVkby its'ku gksus ls muds }kjk
izfroknh la[;k 2 dks fookfnr laifÙk esa [kks[ks ds vykok 'ks"k laifÙk
gksVy ds fy, o QeZ pUnzk VªsoYl dh clsa [kM+h djus ds fy,
ykblsal ij nh xbZA x.ks'k uked O;fDr us izfroknh la[;k 3 o 4
dkmaVj Dyse oknhx.k ds ykblsalh dh gSfl;r ls gh [kks[kk yxk;k
gSA izfroknh la[;k 3 o 4 dkmaVj Dyse oknhx.k dCtk eq[kkyQkuk
ls fooknxzLr laifÙk ds ekfyd gSa rFkk vU; izfroknhx.k ykblsalh
dh gSfl;r ls dkfct gSa] blfy, oknhx.k okn izLrqr djus ds
vf/kdkjh ugha gSaA var esa oknhx.k dk nkok [kkfjt fd, tkus ds
lkFk bl vk'k; dk dkmaVj Dyse pkgk x;k fd izfroknh la[;k 3
o 4 ,oa muds iq= o iq=h fookfnr laifÙk ds vuU; Lokeh gSa
o ,dkadh :i ls dkfct gSa rFkk fdlh izdkj ds QthZ&dwVjfpr o
lkft'kkuk olh;r o fx¶V MhM~l ds vk/kkj ij izfroknh la[;k 3 o
4 ds gd foijhr :i ls izHkkfor ugha gksrs gSaA izfroknh la[;k 3 o
4 ds dCts o mi;ksx&miHkksx esa oknhx.k }kjk dksbZ gLr{ksi ugha
djus ds vk'k; dh LFkkbZ fu"ks/kkKk tkjh fd, tkus dk fuosnu
fd;kA
05- izfroknh la[;k 5 o 6 dh vksj ls i`Fkd&i`Fkd bdckyh
tokcnkok izLrqr dj okni= esa vafdr rF;ksa dks Lohdkj djrs gq,
dFku fd;k fd izfroknh la[;k 5 oknhx.k dh vuqefr ls ,oa
izfroknh la[;k 6] izfroknh la[;k 1 o 2 dh vuqefr ls gh fookfnr
[2025:RJ-JD:20713] (7 of 27) [CFA-437/2013]
Hkw[kaM ij dkfct gSa rFkk oknhx.k tc dgsaxs os dCtk gVkus vkSj
lqiqnZ djus ds fy, rS;kj gSaA
06- izfroknh la[;k 8 o 9 us i`Fkd ls dksbZ tokcnkok izLrqr ugha
fd;k gSA
07- oknhx.k }kjk izfroknh la[;k 1 o 2 ,oa izfroknh la[;k 3 o
4 ds tokcnkoksa ds [kaMu esa tokcqytokc izLrqr dj dFku fd;k
fd izfroknh la[;k 1 o 2] izfroknh la[;k 3 o 4 ls feyhHkxr dj
fookfnr laifÙk dks vius vf/kdkj esa ysuk pkgrs gSa] tcfd fookfnr
laifÙk ij izfroknh la[;k 3 o 4 rFkk izfroknh la[;k 4 ds
iq=&iqf=;ksa dk dksbZ ljksdkj ugha gSA fookfnr laifÙk ds iwohZ vksj
ifÍ;k¡ oknhx.k ds firkth }kjk yxokbZ xbZ gSA fookfnr laifÙk ds
ekfyd izfroknh la[;k 3 o 4 ,oa izfroknh la[;k 4 ds iq= o
iqf=;ka ugha gksus ls muds }kjk fookfnr LFky dh lkj&laHkky djus
dk iz'u gh mRiUu ugha gksrk gSA QeZ pUnzk VªsoYl oknxzLr LFky
ij ykblsalh dh gSfl;r ls ugha cfYd vfrØeh dh gSfl;r ls gSA
ekSds dk uD'kk fdl izdkj ls xyr gS] ;g izfroknh la[;k 1 o 2
us vius tokcnkos esa vafdr ugha fd;k gSA izfroknh la[;k 6 o 7
Hkh izfroknh la[;k 3 o 4 ds ykblsalh ugha gksdj vfrØeh gSa ,oa
izfroknh la[;k 5] oknhx.k dk ykblsalh gSA izfroknh la[;k 7 }kjk
yxk;k x;k [kks[kk Hkh nkos ds ckn gVk fy;k x;k gSA olh;r
fnukad 08-12-1977 QthZ o dwVfjr ugha gSA oknxzLr laifÙk ij
[kjhn ds fnu ls enuyky dk its'ku Fkk rFkk mudh e`R;q ds ckn
oknhx.k dk its'ku pyk vk jgk gSA izfroknh la[;k 4 us vius ifr
ek/koyky ls LosPNk ls fnukad 01-10-1986 dks U;k;ky; ls rykd
dh fMØh izkIr dj yh Fkh rFkk rykd ysus ds dkj.k ek/koyky us
o"kZ 1994 esa laU;kl ys fy;k] bl dkj.k ls izfroknh la[;k 4 o
mlds cPpksa dk fookfnr laifÙk ls dksbZ ljksdkj ugha gSA izfroknh
[2025:RJ-JD:20713] (8 of 27) [CFA-437/2013]
la[;k 2 fookfnr laifÙk ij vfrØeh dh gSfl;r ls clsa [kM+h djrk
gSA var esa izfroknh la[;k 3 o 4 dk dkmaVy Dyse [kkfjt djus o
nkok oknhx.k ds gd esa fMØh fd, tkus dk fuosnu fd;kA
08- mHk; i{kksa ds vfHkopuksa ds vk/kkj ij fo}ku fopkj.k
U;k;ky; }kjk fnukad 23-10-2010 dks fuEufyf[kr fook|d fojfpr
fd;s x;s %&
1- vk;k oknxzLr laifÙk oknhx.k ds firk Jh
enuyky dh Fkh ftls enuyky us oknh la- 1 ds
gd esa olh;r dj nh o oknh la- 1 us LosPNk ls
nf{k.kh vksj dk fgLlk oknh la- 3 dks o ,d
vU; fgLlk oknh la- 2 dks fx¶V dj fn;k o
"ks'k ij oknh la- 1 dk vf/kdkj o LokfeRo gS \
&oknhx.k--
2- vk;k izfroknh la- 1 o 2 dh laifÙk oknhx.k dh
laifÙk ds iwoZ esa fLFkr gS o izfroknh la- 1 o 2
us oknhx.k ds mijksDr Hkw[kaM ds mRrjh&iwohZ
dksus dh 2-5 QqV tehu nckdj LFkk;h xqeVh
yxk yh] ftldk okLrfod dCtk oknhx.k
izfroknh la- 1 o 2 ls xqeVh rqM+okdj izkIr djus
ds vf/kdkjh gS o izfroknh la- 1 o 2 us vius
Hkw[kaM ij nks nqdkusa rkehj djds muds njokts
oknhx.k ds IykWV ij dCtk djus ds mn~ns"; ls
[kksy fn;s o oknhx.k ds iwoZ dh vksj yxh ifÍ;k¡
m[kkM+ dj Hkw[kaM esa vkuk&tkuk izkjaHk djds clsa
[kM+h djuk "kq: dj nh o ,d LFkk;h [kks[kk Hkh
j[k fn;k \
&oknhx.k--
3- vk;k izfroknh la- 1 o 2 ds lgkjs ls izfroknh
la- 6 o 7 us Hkh oknhx.k ds Hkw[kaM esa [kks[kk j[kk
gS] ftldk dCtk Hkh oknh izkIr djus dk
vf/kdkjh gS \
&oknhx.k--
[2025:RJ-JD:20713] (9 of 27) [CFA-437/2013]
4- vk;k oknhx.k 25]000@& #i;s izfrekg ds
fglkc ls gtkZ bLrseky izfroknhx.k ls izkIr
djus ds vf/kdkjh gS \
&oknhx.k--
5- vk;k izfroknh la- 1 o 2 us oknxzLr tk;nkn esa
[kks[kksa ds vykok "ks'k tk;nkn esa viuh clsa [kM+h
djus o gksVy yxkus gsrq izfroknh la- 3 o 4 o
izfroknh la- 4 ds vU; iq= o iq=h ls btktr ys
j[kh gS rFkk os crkSj ykblsUlh dkfct gS \
&izfroknh la[;k 1 o 2
6- vk;k oknxzLr laifÙk ij izfroknh la- 3 o 4 dk
dCtk eq[kkyQkuk gS o bl vk/kkj ij mudk
VkbZVy ifjiDo gks x;k gS \
&izfroknh la[;k 3 o 4
7- vk;k çfroknh la- 3 o 4 dCtk eq[kkyQkuk ds
vk/kkj ij o dkmUVj Dyse ds vk/kkj ij LFkk;h
fu"ks/kkKk çkIr djus ds vf/kdkjh gS fd muds
dCts esa oknhx.k dksbZ n[kyUnkth ;k gLr{ksi
ugha djsa \
&izfroknh la[;k 3 o 4
8- vuqrks'k \
09- fook|dksa dh iqf"V esa lk{; oknhx.k esa ih-MCY;w-01 ';keyky]
ih-MCY;w-02 xksfoUnyky] ih-MCY;w-03 iwuepan] ih-MCY;w-04 euksgjyky
,oa ih-MCY;w-05 cnzhnkl mik/;k; ijhf{kr gq, rFkk nLrkosth lk{;
esa izn'kZ&1 ls izn'kZ&8 nLrkost iznf'kZr djok, x,A [kaMu esa
izfroknhx.k dh vksj ls lk{; esa Mh-MCY;w-01 iq"iknsoh] Mh-MCY;w-02
vkuUn o Mh-MCY;w-03 ujsUnzflag ijhf{kr gq, rFkk nLrkosth lk{; esa
izn'kZ ,&1 ls izn'kZ ,&2 nLrkost iznf'kZr djok, x,A rRi'pkr~
fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; us vk{ksfir vkns'k ikfjr fd;k] ftlls
[2025:RJ-JD:20713] (10 of 27) [CFA-437/2013]
O;fFkr gksdj ;s nhokuh izFke vihy o ØkWl vkWCtsD'ku ¼nhokuh½
izLrqr fd, x, gSaA
10- eSaus mHk;i{k ds ;ksX; vf/koDrkx.k dh cgl lquh] vk{ksfir
fu.kZ; o vfHkys[k dk voyksdu fd;k ,oa ;ksX; vf/koDrk
vihykFkhZx.k }kjk izLrqr U;kf;d n`"Vkar dk /;kuiwoZd ifj'khyu
fd;kA
11- vihykFkhZ dh vksj ls viuh vihy esa eq[; :i ls ;gh vk/kkj
fy;k x;k gS fd izR;[email protected] dk oknxzLr tk;nkn ls dksbZ
ysuk&nsuk ugha Fkk vkSj izR;FkhZ@oknh la[;k 1 ';keyky dks mDr
oknxzLr tk;nkn tfj;s olh;r feyuk crk;k x;k gS vkSj
bl laca/k esa fx¶V MhM dk Hkh fu"iknu gksuk cryk;k x;k gS]
tcfd lk{; esa ;g ckr Hkh vkbZ gS fd enuyky dks ;w-vkbZ-Vh-
(Urban Improvement Trust) chdkusj }kjk fnukad 26-10-1968 dks
izek.k i= fn;k tkuk vkSj fnukad 15-07-1980 dks enuyky ds i{k
esa gLrkUrj.k dk nLrkost fu"ikfnr gksuk crk;k x;k gS] tcfd
dfFkr olh;r fnukad 08-12-1977 dh gS vFkkZr~ oknxzLr tk;nkn
dk fof/kor gLrkUrj.k gksus ls iwoZ gh olh;r dh xbZ tks fd QthZ
vkSj dwVjfpr nLrkost Fkk vkSj tks fx¶V MhM dh xbZ Fkh] og Hkh
lgh ugha gksus vkSj fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk vfHkys[k ij vkbZ lk{;
dk leqfpr :i ls foospu vkSj fo'ys"k.k ugha fd, tkus ls vihy
esa of.kZr vk/kkjksa ij gh fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk ikfjr fu.kZ; o fMØh
fnukad 22-07-2013 dks vikLr djrs gq, izR;FkhZ la[;k 1 ls
[email protected] dh vksj ls izLrqr okn dks [kkfjt djus dk fuosnu
fd;k x;k gSA
12- mDr vihy is'k gksus ds i'pkr~~ fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk
izdj.k esa fook|d la[;k 4] tks fd mi;ksx&miHkksx ds laca/k esa
[2025:RJ-JD:20713] (11 of 27) [CFA-437/2013]
25]000@& #i;s ekgokj dh nj ls ehUl izksfQV fnykus ckcr Fkk]
bldk fu"d"kZ izR;FkhZ la[;k 1 ls [email protected] ds fo#) fd, tkus
ls bl ckcr i`Fkd ls ØkWl vkWCtsD'ku is'k djrs gq, eq[; :i
ls ;g rdZ fn;k x;k fd oknxzLr tk;nkn dk {ks=Qy yxHkx N%
gtkj oxZQhV gS tks fd ,d egRoiw.kZ LFkku ij gksus ls ewY;oku
laifÙk gS] ftl ij fcuk fdlh vf/kdkj ds vihykFkhZx.k dh vksj ls
dCtk djrs gq, mi;ksx&miHkksx fd;k tkrk jgk gS vkSj okLrfod
ekfyd izR;FkhZ la[;k 1 ls [email protected] ds gksrs gq, Hkh os yEcs le;
rd oknxzLr lEifÙk dk dCtk izkIr dj mi;ksx&miHkksx djus ls
oafpr jgs FksA fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk fook|d la[;k 4 ds rgr ;g
eku fy;k x;k Fkk fd vfHkys[k ij bl laca/k esa dksbZ lk{; ugha
vkbZ gS] ysfdu vihykFkhZx.k dk gh xokg Mh-MCY;w- 3 ujsUnz flag us
Hkh izfrijh{k.k esa ;g ekuk Fkk fd vxj oknxzLr tk;nkn ij >xM+k
ugha gks vkSj nqdkusa cuh gkas rks budk fdjk;k ekgokj iPphl gtkj
ls rhl gtkj vk ldrk Fkk vkSj bl xokg dh lk{; ls ;g Hkh
Li"V Fkk fd oknxzLr LFky ij igys pkjksa rjQ ifÍ;k¡ yxh gqbZ
Fkha] ftudks m[kkM+dj ml ij clsa [kM+h dh tkus yxhaA oknxzLr
tk;nkn tgka fLFkr gS ogka Hkh vkl&ikl dkQh nqdkusa gSaA
bl laca/k esa izR;FkhZx.k dh vksj ls tks xokg ih-MCY;w- 1 ';keyky
o ih-MCY;w- 4 euksgjyky }kjk lk{; ds 'kiFk i= esa blds
25]000@& #i;s ekgokj mi;ksx&miHkksx ds laca/k esa jkf'k fnykbZ
tkus dh ckr dgh xbZ Fkh] bl laca/k esa Hkh dksbZ izfrijh{k.k ugha
fd;k x;k Fkk] tcfd vU; fook|d oknhx.k ds i{k esa fu.khZr fd,
x, FksA ,slh fLFkfr esa ØkWl vkWCtsD'ku Lohdkj djrs gq, fopkj.k
U;k;ky; }kjk tks fook|d la[;k 4 izR;FkhZ la[;k 1 ls [email protected]
ds fo#) fu.khZr fd;k x;k Fkk] ml fu"d"kZ dks vikLr djrs gq,
mldh ØkWl vkWCtsD'ku Lohdkj djus dh izkFkZuk djrs gq, vihykFkhZ
[2025:RJ-JD:20713] (12 of 27) [CFA-437/2013]
dh vihy [kkfjt djus dk fuosnu fd;k x;kA cgl ds
nkSjku ;ksX; vf/koDrk izR;FkhZ la[;k 1 ls [email protected] us ekuuh;
mPpre U;k;ky; }kjk Lucy Kochuvareed Vs P. Mariappa Gounder
and Ors. esa ikfjr fu.kZ; fnukad 07-02-1979 dh izfr izLrqr dhA
13- fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk fook|d la[;k 1] 2] 5 o
6 ,d&nwljs ls lacaf/kr gksus ds dkj.k lqfo/kk dh n`f"V ls ,d lkFk
fuLrkfjr fd, x, gSaA fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; ds le{k izR;FkhZ
la[;k 1 ls [email protected] dh vksj ls izLrqr okni= esa tks vfHkopu
fd, x, gSa] ml laca/k esa nksuksa i{kksa dh vksj ls izLrqr lk{; ds
vk/kkj ij ;g izdV gksrk gS fd bl ckr dk nksuksa i{kksa ds chp esa
dksbZ fookn ugha Fkk fd oknxzLr laifÙk izR;FkhZ la[;k 1 ls
[email protected] ds firk LoxhZ; enuyky Jhekyh dh LovftZr laifÙk
ugha gks] cfYd mDr laifÙk dk dCtk LoxhZ; enuyky dks fnukad
26-10-68 dks ;w-vkbZ-Vh }kjk lqiqnZ fd;k x;k Fkk] rRi'pkr~
fof/kor :i ls ,d gLrkUrj.k foys[k ;w-vkbZ-Vh chdkusj }kjk
fnukad 15-07-1980 dks LoxhZ; enuyky ds gd esa rgjhj o
rdehy fd;k x;k Fkk] tks fd nLrkost Øe'k% izn'kZ 2&,] izn'kZ
4&, Hkh lk{; ds nkSjku is'k fd, x, gSaA vihykFkhZx.k dh vksj
ls ;g vk/kkj fy;k x;k gS fd izR;FkhZ la[;k 1 us ftl fookfnr
tk;nkn dks tfj;s olh;r fnukad 08-12-1977 dks feyuk crk;k gS]
mDr olh;r ds izHkkoh gksus ls iwoZ izR;FkhZ la[;k 1 ';keyky
Jhekyh ds firk dks oknxzLr tk;nkn dk LokfeRo izkIr ugha Fkk]
D;ksafd gLrkUrj.k foys[k ;w-vkbZ-Vh chdkusj }kjk fnukad 15-07-1980
dks LoxhZ; enuyky ds gd esa rgjhj o rdehy fd;k Fkk] blfy,
blls iwoZ fnukad 08-12-1977 dks LoxhZ; enuyky dks bl tk;nkn
dks olh;r djus dk vf/kdkj ugha FkkA bl laca/k esa vfHkys[k ds
voyksdu ls ;g izdV gksrk gS fd loZizFke oknxzLr tk;nkn dk
[2025:RJ-JD:20713] (13 of 27) [CFA-437/2013]
izek.k i= izn'kZ 4&, LoxhZ; enuyky th dks uxj fodkl U;kl]
chdkusj }kjk iznku fd;k x;k FkkA ;g nLrkost fnukad 26-10-68
dk gS] blesa bl ckr dk mYys[k vk;k gS fd tk;nkn dk dCtk
[kjhnnkj dks fnukad 24-07-64 dks ns fn;k x;k Fkk vkSj vc bl
Hkwfe dk [kjhnnkj Lokeh LokRokf/kdkjh gks pqdk gS vkSj fu;ekuqlkj
fuekZ.k dk;Z dj ldrk gSA blh izdkj nLrkost izn'kZ 5&, tks fd
fnukad 27-11-68 dk gS] ds vuqlkj Hkh LoxhZ; enuyky th }kjk
oknxzLr tk;nkn ij fuekZ.k dh vuqefr uxj ikfydk] chdkusj ls
izkIr dh xbZ Fkh vkSj izn'kZ 2&, tks fd gLrkukUrj.k foys[k gS]
blesa Hkh ;g rF; vk;k gS fd oknxzLr tk;nkn tks fd N% gtkj
oxZQqV dh gS] bls Øsrk ds i{k esa gLrkUrfjr djus dh Lohd`fr
fely uacj 3 fnukad 18-02-62 esa gks pqdh gS vkSj Øsrk }kjk Hkh
laifÙk dk laiw.kZ ewY; Hkh vnk dj fn;k x;k gS vkSj bl laifÙk ij
iwoZ esa gh Øsrk dks dCtk fn, tkus dk mYys[k gks j[kk gSA bl
izdkj ;g Li"V gS fd tc loZizFke LoxhZ; enuyky th dks fnukad
26-10-68 dks uxj lq/kkj U;kl chdkusj }kjk izek.k i= tkjh fd;k
x;k Fkk] rc rd LokfeRo ds laca/k esa laiw.kZ vf/kdkj mudks ns fn,
x, Fks] dsoy ek= vkSipkfjd rkSj ij gh gLrkUrj.k foys[k ckn esa
iznku fd;k x;k FkkA vr% bl fLFkfr esa ;g dguk rdZlaxr ugha gS
fd LoxhZ; enuyky th dks fnukad 08-12-77 dks oknxzLr tk;nkn
dk olh;r djus dk vf/kdkj ugha gks vkSj oSls Hkh gLrkUrj.k
foys[k ds i'pkr~~ gh LoxhZ; enuyky th dh e`R;q gqbZ Fkh vkSj
mudh e`R;q fnukad 14-11-87 dks gksus ds i'pkr~~ gh izHkko esa vkbZ
FkhA bl izdkj izR;FkhZ la[;k 1 dks LoxhZ; enuyky th }kjk
oknxzLr tk;nkn tfj;s olh;r izkIr gksus ds i'pkr~~ muds }kjk
fx¶V MhM fu"ikfnr dh xbZ Fkh vkSj lk{; ls ;g Hkh Li"V gS fd
LoxhZ; enuyky th }kjk dh xbZ olh;r ds izHkko esa vkus ls iwoZ
[2025:RJ-JD:20713] (14 of 27) [CFA-437/2013]
gh fopkj.k U;k;ky; ds le{k izLrqr okn eas izfroknh la[;k 4
Jherh iq"ik nsoh dk dkuwuh :i ls ek/koyky ls rykd Hkh gks pqdk
FkkA tgka rd olh;r ds QthZ vkSj dwVjfpr gksus dh ckr
vihykFkhZx.k dh vksj ls dh xbZ gS vkSj bl ckcr muds }kjk
tokcnkok vkSj dkm.Vj Dyse Hkh izLrqr fd;k x;k gS] bl rF; dks
lkfcr djus ds fy, dksbZ ekSf[kd vkSj nLrkosth lk{; Hkh fopkj.k
U;k;ky; ds le{k is'k ugha dh xbZ Fkh tcfd fopkj.k U;k;ky; ds
le{k izR;FkhZ la[;k 1 ls [email protected] }kjk olh;r ,oa fx¶V MhM
dks lkfcr djus ds fy, xokg ih-MCY;w- 1 ';keyky ds dFku
ys[kc) djk, x, Fks ftlesa mlus olh;r izn'kZ 7 ij , ls ch
vaxzsth esa o lh ls Mh fgUnh esa LoxhZ; enuyky ds gLrk{kj rFkk bZ
ls ,Q xokg izdk'kef.k ds vkSj th ls ,p xokg f'kodqekj ds
gLrk{kj lkfcr djok, FksA bl izdkj ls fx¶V MhM izn'kZ 8 ij Hkh
xokg f'kodqekj ds gLrk{kj dks xokg ih-MCY;w- 3 iwue pan dh
lk{; ls iqf"V Hkh djokbZ Fkh vkSj xokg ih-MCY;w- 5 cnzhnkl us Hkh
vius nknk }kjk olh;r fy[kus vkSj mlds lkeus olh;r fy[kh
tkus ckcr Hkh lk{; nh gSA bl rF; dk [k.Mu Hkh vihykFkhZx.k
dh vksj ls fopkj.k U;k;ky; ds le{k ugha fd;k tk ldk gSA bl
izdkj tgka olh;r dks lkfcr djuk gksrk gS fd ogka ftu O;fDr;ksa
ds le{k olh;r fy[kh xbZ Fkh mudks lk{; esa is'k djds
vuqizekf.kr xokgksa ds dFkuksa ds vk/kkj ij blls lkfcr djok;k tk
ldrk gS vkSj ;fn mu xokgksa dh e`R;q gks pqdh gks rks muds
okfjlkuksa }kjk] ftUgksua s fd mUgsa fy[krs] i<+rs ns[kk gks ;k muds
gLrk{kj igpkurs gks] mudh lk{; ls Hkh lkfcr djok;k tk ldrk
gSA bl ckcr Hkh xokg ih-MCY;w- 3 iwuepan us Hkh vius firk
f'kodqekj ds gLrk{kjksa dks igpkus ckcr lk{; nh gS vkSj xokg
ih-MCY;w- 5 cnzhnkl] ftUgksaus fd vius nknk }kjk izn'kZ 7 olh;r
[2025:RJ-JD:20713] (15 of 27) [CFA-437/2013]
fy[kus dh ckr dgh Fkh tks fd mlds nknk LoxhZ; pEikyky
mik/;k; MhM jkbVj Fks] ftUgksaus LoxhZ; enuyky Jhekyh dh
olh;r vius gkFk ls fy[kdj eksgj yxkbZ Fkh] ml ij mUgksaus
mudh gLrfyfi vkSj gLrk{kj igpkuus ckcr lk{; nh gSA bl
izdkj fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; ds le{k olh;r izn'kZ 7 vkSj fx¶V
MhM izn'kZ 8 nksuksa dks fu"ikfnr djus okys xokgksa dh lk{; ds lkFk
bu nLrkostksa dks lkfcr Hkh djok;k x;k gSA bl izdkj mDr lk{;
ls ;g Li"V gS fd oknxzLr laifRr ds izR;FkhZ la[;k 1 ls 3 ekSf[kd
o nLrkosth lk{; ds vk/kkj ij okLrfod Lokeh gq, FksA izR;FkhZ
la[;k 1 ls [email protected] }kjk vius vfHkopuksa vkSj lk{;ksa esa ;g Hkh
dgk x;k gS fd fopkj.k U;k;ky; ds le{k tks izfroknh la[;k 1 o
2 Fks] mUgksaus izR;FkhZx.k ds oknxzLr Hkw[k.M ds mRrjh&iwohZ dksus dh
2-5 QqV tehu nckdj LFkk;h xqeVh cuk yh vkSj vius Hkw[k.M ij
2 nqdkusa rkehj dj muds njokts ekdZ okbZ&1] okbZ&2 o okbZ&3
oknhx.k ds IykWV dh vksj fudky fy,] bl ckcr Hkh xokg
ih-MCY;w- 1 ';keyky o ih-MCY;w- 4 euksgjyky us viuh lk{; esa
leFkZu fd;k gSA tcfd fopkj.k U;k;ky; ds le{k izfroknh la[;k
4 xokg Mh-MCY;w- 1 iq"ik us izfrijh{k.k esa ;g ekuk gS fd fookfnr
tehu ls mldk rkRi;Z ';keyky ds IykWV ls gS] fQj dgk fd
oknxzLr tehu enuyky dh gSA xokg Mh-MCY;w- 3 ujsUnz flag us Hkh
ftjg esa ;g dFku fd;k gS fd fookfnr tk;nkn ij mldh clsa
[kM+h jgrh FkhaA bl ckr dks Hkh Lohdkj fd;k gS fd mlus bl
tehu ds ekfyd ';keyky ls dksbZ ckr ugha dhA fookfnr tehu
esa igys ifÍ;k¡ yxh gqbZ Fkha] tks geus clsa [kM+h djus ds fy,
m[kkM+ nhA fopkj.k U;k;ky; ds le{k izfroknh la[;k 1 o 2 dh
vksj ls tks tokcnkok is'k fd;k x;k gS mlesa Hkh ;g vfHkopu fy,
x, fd izfroknh la[;k 3 o 4 ls vkSj mlds vU; iq=] iqf=;ksa ls
[2025:RJ-JD:20713] (16 of 27) [CFA-437/2013]
fookfnr tk;nkn ij [kks[kksa ds vykok 'ks"k fgLls ij viuh clsa
[kM+h djus vkSj gksVy yxkus gsrq btktr ys j[kh gS vkSj crkSj
ykblsalh dkfct gSA xokg Mh-MCY;w- 1 iq"ik vkSj Mh-MCY;w- 2 vkuUn
us Hkh ;g dgk gS fd mUgksaus izfroknh la[;k 1 o 2 ls clsa [kM+h
djus o gksVy dk [kks[kk yxkus dk ykblsal ns j[kk FkkA mijksDr
lk{; ds foospu ls Li"V jgk gS fd izR;FkhZ la[;k 1 ls [email protected]
oknxzLr tk;nkn ds okLrfod Lokeh Fks] ,slh fLFkfr esa fdlh vU;
O;fDr dks oknxzLr tk;nkn dk mi;ksx o miHkksx djus ds fy,
fcuk okLrfod Lokeh dh vuqefr ds crkSj ykblsalh dke esa ysus dh
vuqefr nsus dk vf/kdkj Hkh ugha FkkA
14- cgl ds nkSjku vihykFkhZx.k ds ;ksX; vf/koDrk }kjk ;g Hkh
rdZ fn;k x;k fd muds }kjk bl izdj.k esa izfrdwy dCts dk
vk/kkj Hkh fy;k x;k Fkk vkSj fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk bl
laca/k esa lk{; dk foLr`r :i ls foospu Hkh ugha djus ls blh fcUnq
ij izdj.k dks iqu% izfrizsf"kr ¼fjekaM½ djus dk Hkh fuosnu fd;kA
mDr lanHkZ esa Hkh fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk vius fu.kZ; ds iSjk
la[;k 19 esa foLr`r :i ls vfHkys[k ij vkbZ lk{; dk foospu vkSj
fo"ys'k.k fd;k tkuk Hkh izdV gksrk gS] D;ksafd izfrdwy dCts dk
vk/kkj cuk, tkus ij loZizFke vihykFkhZx.k dks gh ;g lkfcr
djuk Fkk fd muds }kjk okLrfod Lokeh ds fo#) yacs le; ls
"kkafriwoZd oknxzLr laifÙk ij dCtk gksus ds dkj.k os blds Lokeh
gks pqds FksA ysfdu vihykFkhZx.k dh vksj ls bl izdkj dh dksbZ Hkh
fLFkfr Li'V ugha dh tk ldh Fkh fd os oknxzLr laifÙk ij dc ls
dkfct gq, vkSj fdl rjg ls mudk dCtk "kkafriw.kZ jgk Fkk \
tcfd xokg Mh-MCY;w- 1 iq'ik nsoh us viuh eq[; ijh{k.k esa chl
lkyksa ls oknxzLr tk;nkn ij "kkafriwoZd dCtk gksuk rks crk fn;k]
[2025:RJ-JD:20713] (17 of 27) [CFA-437/2013]
ysfdu izfrijh{k.k esa ;g Hkh dgk fd Qjojh] 1994 ls og eqjyh/kj
O;kl dkWyksuh okys edku esa jgus yxh vkSj mlls igys fdjk;s ij
jgrh FkhA mldk jk"ku dkMZ] ifjp; i= vkSj ikuh] fctyh ds
dusD"ku eqjyh/kj O;kl dkWyksuh ds gSa rFkk lfoZl fjdkWMZ vkSj
leLr fjdkWMZ esa mlds ihgj /kuirjk; ekxZ dk irk fy[kk gS vkSj
xokg us ;g Hkh Lohdkj fd;k fd enuyky ds ifjokj ls ugha cuus
ds dkj.k og vius ifr ds lkFk vyx&vyx edkuksa esa fdjk;s ij
jgh vkSj mlds }kjk fx¶V MhM dks dSafly djus dk Hkh dksbZ
eqdnek ugha fd;k x;kA xokg Mh-MCY;w- 2 vkuan us Hkh ;g ekuk gS
fd og eqjyh/kj O;kl dkWyksuh ds edku esa lu~ 1990 ls jg jgk gS
vkSj bl laca/k esa fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; ds le{k tks izfroknh
la[;k 1 o 2 Fks] mudh vksj ls is"k fd;s x;s tokcnkos esa ;g dgk
x;k Fkk fd fookfnr laifÙk dk ekfyd o dkfct izfroknh la[;k 3
o 4 vkSj muds iq=&iqf=;ka gSa vFkkZr~ izfroknh la[;k 1 o 2 us Lo;a
dk ekfyd o dkfct gksus dh ckr ugha dgh FkhA bl izdkj
izfroknh la[;k 3 o 4 us tokcnkok is"k djrs gq, Lo;a dk gh
dkfct gksuk crk;k gS] lkFk gh ;g Hkh vfHkopu fy;k fd
oknhx.k ,oa muds ifjokjtu }kjk ngst dh ekax dks ysdj
rax&ijs"kku djus dh uh;r ls 'kM~;a= djds izfroknh la[;k 4 dks
cPpksa lfgr ?kj ls fudkydj rykd fnyok fn;s tkus ls izfroknh
la[;k 4 }kjk oknxzLr laifÙk ij vius iq= o iqf=;ksa lfgr dCtk
djrs gq, vius llqj ds VkbVy dk ,ykfu;ka rkSj ij budkj djrs
gq, izfrdwy dCtk (Hostile Possession) gksus dh ckr dgh] lkFk
gh bl vk"k; dk dkm.Vj Dyse is"k djrs gq, vuqrks'k Hkh pkgk
x;k Fkk fd izfroknh la[;k 3] 4 vkSj muds iq=&iqf=;ka laiw.kZ
[2025:RJ-JD:20713] (18 of 27) [CFA-437/2013]
tk;nkn ds vuU; Lokeh gS ,oa ,dkdh :i ls dkfct gksus ls
LFkk;h fu'ks/kkKk dk Hkh vuqrks'k pkgk x;k FkkA tcfd bl vihy esa
fopkj.k U;k;ky; ds le{k tks izfroknh la[;k 4 Jherh iq'ik nsoh
Fkh] mldh vksj ls vihy is"k ugha gks j[kh gSA lkFk gh vihy ds
vuqrks'k esa fopkj.k U;k;ky; ds le{k tks dkmaVj Dyse is"k fd;k
x;k Fkk] ml lanHkZ esa dksbZ vuqrks'k Hkh ugha ekaxk x;k gSA dsoy
ek= tks fu.kZ; o fMØh fnukad 22-07-2013 dks fo}ku fopkj.k
U;k;ky; }kjk ikfjr dh xbZ Fkh] mls vikLr djrs gq, izR;FkhZ
la[;k 1 ls [email protected] }kjk is'k fd, okn dks [kpsZ lfgr [kkfjt
djus dk vuqrks"k ekaxk x;k gSA bl izdkj fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky;
ds le{k tks dkmaVj Dyse is'k fd;k x;k gS ftls fo}ku fopkj.k
U;k;ky; }kjk Lohdkj ugha fd;k x;k gS vkSj mlesa izfrdwy dCts
dh ckr djrs gq, tks LFkk;h fu"ks/kkKk dk vuqrks"k Hkh ekaxk x;k Fkk]
mls fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk Lohdkj ugha djus ij bl vihy
esa pqukSrh Hkh ugha nh xbZ gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa tks izfrdwy dCtk gksus
dh ckr vihykFkhZx.k dh vksj ls dgh xbZ gS] og Hkh Lohdkj fd,
tkus ;ksX; ugha gSA cfYd xokg Mh-MCY;w- 1 iq"ik nsoh vkSj
Mh-MCY;w- 2 vkuan vius lk{; ds 'kiFk i= esa ;g Hkh dgrs gSa fd
LoxhZ; enuyky Jhekyh ds nsgkolku ds ,d ekg ckn oknh
la[;k 1 us gedks ekSf[kd :i ls uksfVl fn;k ,oa oknxzLr iwjh
tk;nkn ftldk fooj.k okni= ds iSjk la[;k 1 esa ntZ gS] dk
dCtk lqiqnZ djus dks dgk FkkA rc bUgksaus oknhx.k dks ekfyd
ekuus ls budkj dj fn;k FkkA bl izdkj mDr laiw.kZ fook|dksa ds
laca/k esa vfHkys[k ij tks lk{; nksuksa i{kksa dh vksj ls is'k dh xbZ
Fkh] ml ij fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk laiw.kZ foospu o fo'ys"k.k
[2025:RJ-JD:20713] (19 of 27) [CFA-437/2013]
djrs gq, budk fu"d"kZ fook|d la[;k 1 o 2 dk oknhx.k ds i{k
esa o fook|d la[;k 5 dk izfroknh la[;k 1 o 2 ds fo#) vkSj
fook|d la[;k 6 dk izfroknh la[;k 3 o 4 ds fo#) tks fu"d"kZ
fn;k gS og vfHkys[k ij vkbZ lk{; dh mDr fLFkfr;ksa dks ns[krs gq,
bl vuq:i lgh gksus ls blesa gLr{ksi fd;k tkuk U;k;ksfpr ugha
ik;k tkrk gS] cfYd blh vuqlkj ;g lgh ik;k tkrk gSA
15- fook|d la[;k 3 dks lkfcr djus dk Hkkj izR;FkhZ la[;k 1 ls
[email protected] ij FkkA bl laca/k esa fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk
muds le{k fopkjk/khu okni= esa tks izfroknh la[;k 5 o 6 dh
vksj ls bdckyh tokcnkok izLrqr djrs gq, nkok fMØh fd;s tkus
dh izkFkZuk dh xbZ Fkh] ml rF; dks /;ku esa j[krs gq, nkSjkus
fopkj.k okni= izfroknh la[;k 7 ds }kjk Lo;a gh viuk [kks[kk gVk
fy;k tkuk crk;s tkus ij bl fook|d dks izR;FkhZ la[;k 1 ls
[email protected] ds i{k esa fu.khZr fd;k Fkk] tks vfHkys[k ij vkbZ
mi;qZDr fLFkfr dks ns[krs gq, lgh ik, tkus ls fo}ku fopkj.k
U;k;ky; }kjk bl fook|d ij tks fu"d"kZ izR;FkhZ la[;k 1 ls
[email protected] ds i{k esa fu.khZr fd;k x;k] mlesa dksbZ gLr{ksi fd,
tkus dk vk/kkj ugha gksus ls mDr fu"d"kZ dh iqf"V dh tkrh gSA
16- fook|d la[;k 4 dk fu"d"kZ fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk
izR;FkhZ la[;k 1 ls [email protected] ds fo#) fu.khZr fd;k gS vkSj bl
ckcr gh izR;FkhZ la[;k 1 ls [email protected] dh vksj ls ØkWl
vkWCtsD'ku is'k djrs gq, mlesa ;g vk/kkj fy;k x;k gS fd oknxzLr
tk;nkn dk {ks=Qy yxHkx N% gtkj oxZ QqV gksdj ftl LFkku
ij ;g vkbZ gqbZ gS] ogka vkl&ikl ekdsZV gksus ls vkSj izR;FkhZ la[;k
1 ls [email protected] blds ekfyd gksrs gq, Hkh yEcs le; rd blds
[2025:RJ-JD:20713] (20 of 27) [CFA-437/2013]
mi;ksx&miHkksx ls oafpr gksus ds dkj.k 25]000@& #i;s ekfld
nj ls ehUl izksfQV fnykus dh izkFkZuk djrs gq, ;g Hkh vk/kkj fy;k
x;k gS fd fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk vihykFkhZ dk bl oknxzLr
tk;nkn esa dksbZ fgr] vf/kdkj ;k LokfeRo Hkh ugha ekuk x;k Fkk
vkSj xokg ih-MCY;w- 4 euksgjyky o ih-MCY;w- 1 ';keyky us Hkh
viuh lk{; ds 'kiFk i= esa oknxzLr tk;nkn ckcr 25]000@&
#i;s izfrekg dh nj ls gtkZ bLrseky djus ckcr fnykus dh
izkFkZuk dh FkhA bl fcanq ij nksuksa xokgku ls dksbZ izfrijh{k.k Hkh
ugha fd;k x;k Fkk vkSj fo}ku~ fopkj.k U;k;ky; ds le{k tks xokg
Mh-MCY;w- 3 ujsUnz flag is'k fd;k x;k Fkk] mlus Hkh izfrijh{k.k
esa ;g Lohdkj fd;k Fkk fd oknxzLr tk;nkn vxj fookfnr ugha gks
vkSj nqdkusa cuh gqbZ gks rks bldk fdjk;k iPphl ls rhl gtkj
#i;s ekfld vk ldrk gS] tcfd fufoZokfnr :i ls okni= is'k
gksus ds i'pkr~~ oknxzLr laifRr dh dherksa esa Hkh dkQh o`f) gqbZ gS
vkSj oknxzLr tk;nkn ds ekfyd gksrs gq, Hkh yacs le; rd izR;FkhZ
la[;k 1 ls [email protected] blds mi;ksx&miHkksx ls oafpr Hkh jgs Fks]
fQj Hkh bldk tks fu"d"kZ fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk fn;k x;k
Fkk] og ;qfDrlaxr ugha gksus ls bl fook|d dks izR;FkhZ la[;k 1 ls
[email protected] ds i{k esa fu.khZr djus dk fuosnu fd;k x;k gSA
17- blds [kaMu esa vihykFkhZx.k ds ;ksX; vf/koDrk }kjk ;g rdZ
fn;k x;k fd mDr fook|d dk fu"d"kZ nsrs le; fo}ku fopkj.k
U;k;ky; ds le{k dksbZ Bksl lk{; izLrqr ugha djus vkSj oknxzLr
tk;nkn dsoy ek= [kkyh Hkw[kaM gksus ds vk/kkj ij gh bldk
fu"d"kZ fn;k gS] ftlesa gLr{ksi dk vk/kkj ugha gksus ls bl ckcr tks
[2025:RJ-JD:20713] (21 of 27) [CFA-437/2013]
ØkWl vkWCtsD'ku is'k dh xbZ gS] mls vLohdkj djus dk fuosnu
fd;kA
18- mDr fook|d ds lanHkZ esa fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk ;gh
ekuk x;k gS fd izR;FkhZ la[;k 1 ls [email protected] dh vksj ls
25]000@& #i;s izfrekg fnyk;s tkus ckcr dksbZ Bksl lk{; izLrqr
ugha djus vkSj LohÑr rkSj ij oknxzLr tk;nkn [kkyh Hkw[kaM gksus
ds lkFk&lkFk xokg Mh-MCY;w- 3 ujsanz flag }kjk tks dFku ftjg esa
fd;s x;s Fks] mudk Hkh mYys[k djrs gq, 25]000@& #i;s izfrekg
ehUl izksfQV fnyk;k tkuk mfpr ugha ekurs gq, gh viuk fu"d"kZ
fn;k gSA
19- vfHkys[k ds voyksdu ls ;g izdV gksrk gS fd xokg
ih-MCY;w- 1 ';ke yky] ih-MCY;w- 2 xksfoan yky o ih-MCY;w- 4
euksgj yky us vius 'kiFk i= ds eq[; ijh{k.k esa oknxzLr tk;nkn
ij vuf/kÑr rkSj ls izfroknhx.k dk dkfct gksus ls 25]000@&
#i;s izfrekg ds fglkc ls mi;ksx&miHkksx dh jkf'k fnyk;s tkus
dk dFku fd;k x;k Fkk] bl laca/k esa mDr lHkh xokgku ls
izfrijh{k.k ds nkSjku dksbZ iz'u iwNk tkuk izdV ugha gksrk gS vkSj
xokg Mh-MCY;w- 3 ujsanz flag tks fd fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; ds
le{k izfroknh la[;k 2 Fkk] mlus Hkh vius 'kiFk i= ds eq[;
ijh{k.k esa ;g dgk gS fd oknxzLr tk;nkn esa j[ks [kks[kksa ds vykok
'ks"k tk;nkn esa QeZ panzk VªsoYl us viuh clsa [kM+h djus o gksVy
yxkus gsrq izfroknh la[;k 3] 4] 8 o 9 ls btktr ys j[kh gSA QeZ
panzk VªsoYl oknxzLr tk;nkn ij izfroknh la[;k 3] 4] 8 o 9 ds
ykblsalh dh gSfl;r ls dkfct gSA mDr xokg Lo;a QeZ panzk
VªsoYl dk ikVZuj Hkh gS vkSj blus vius lk{; ds 'kiFk i= ds iSjk
[2025:RJ-JD:20713] (22 of 27) [CFA-437/2013]
la[;k 10 esa ;g Hkh dgk gS fd oknhx.k oknxzLr tk;nkn ds
ekfyd ugha gSa] blfy, fdlh rjg dk dksbZ gtkZ izfroknh ls izkIr
djus ds vf/kdkjh ugha gSa vkSj oknxzLr tk;nkn dk fdjk;k
700&800@&#i;s ekgokj ls vf/kd ugha vk lduk crk;k gSA
izfrijh{k.k esa blus ;g Hkh dgk fd vxj oknxzLr tk;nkn ij
>xM+k u gks vkSj nqdkusa cuh gqbZ gksa rks bldk fdjk;k ekgokj
iPphl ls rhl gtkj #i;s gks ldrk gS vkSj ;g Hkh Lohdkj fd;k
fd oknxzLr tk;nkn dh yksds'ku ds vkl&ikl jktLFkku if=dk
dk dk;kZy; vkSj gksVysa o nqdkusa vkSj dbZ O;kikfjd izfr"Bku
gSaA ;g Hkh Lohdkj djrk gS fd fookfnr tehu ds pkjksa rjQ
ifÍ;k¡ yxh gqbZ Fkha tks geus clsa [kM+h djus ds fy, m[kkM+ nhaA
bl izdkj ;g Li"V gS fd fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; ds le{k tks
25]000@&#i;s ekgokj ds fglkc ls ehUl izksfQV ds laca/k esa
izR;FkhZ la[;k 1 ls [email protected] ds xokgku us lk{; nh Fkh] ml
ckcr~ izfrijh{k.k esa dksbZ [kqyklk ugha djk;k x;k gS vkSj Lo;a
xokg Mh-MCY;w- 3 ujsanz flag us Hkh tks mDr lk{; nh gS] ml lanHkZ
esa bl izdj.k esa tc loZizFke fook|d la[;k 1] 2] 5 o 6 dks
fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk ;g r; fd;k x;k Fkk fd oknxzLr
tk;nkn ds izR;FkhZ la[;k 1 ls [email protected] ekfyd gSa vkSj ;g rF;
Hkh fufoZokfnr gS fd okni= is'k djus ls ysdj fo}ku fopkj.k
U;k;ky; }kjk fu.kZ; ikfjr fd;s tkus rd yacs le; rd os bl
tk;nkn ij vuf/kÑr rkSj ls vihykFkhZx.k }kjk dCtk fd;s tkus ls
blds mi;ksx&miHkksx ls oafpr Hkh jgs Fks vkSj ;gka rd fd ;g
vihy Hkh o"kZ 2013 esa is'k gksus ds i'pkr~~ ls ysdj vkt fnukad
rd Hkh yacs le; ls os blds ekfyd gksrs gq, Hkh mi;ksx&miHkksx
[2025:RJ-JD:20713] (23 of 27) [CFA-437/2013]
ls oafpr jgs Fks vkSj tc fook|d la[;k 1] 2] 5 o 6 Hkh izR;FkhZ
la[;k 1 ls [email protected] ds i{k esa fu.khZr gq, Fks vkSj ;g Hkh lkfcr
ugha gks ik;k Fkk fd dfFkr olh;r QthZ vkSj dwVjfpr gks vkSj
blds ckotwn Hkh U;k;ky; dk ;g Lofoosd gksus ls fd dksbZ O;fDr
laifÙk dk okLrfod ekfyd gksrs gq, Hkh yacs le; rd mlds
mi;ksx&miHkksx ls oafpr jgk gS rks mlds mi;ksx&miHkksx ds laca/k
esa ekgokj dksbZ jkf'k fnyk ldrk FkkA ;|fi ;g eku Hkh ysa fd
25]000@&#i;s ekgokj dh jkf'k lkfcr ugha gks ldh Fkh rks Hkh bl
fook|d ds rgr vkaf'kd rkSj ij Lofoosd ls dqN jkf'k de djrs
gq, Hkh ehUl izksfQV fnyk;k tkuk U;k;ksfpr dgk tk ldrk FkkA
bl laca/k esa ;ksX; vf/koDrk izR;FkhZ la[;k 1 ls [email protected] us
ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; dh uthj Lucy Kochuvareed vs. P.
Mariappa Gounder and Ors. (07.02.1979 - SC) : MANU/SC/
0557/1979 izLrqr dh gS] ftlds iSjk la[;k 25 o 26 esa ekuuh;
mPpre U;k;ky; }kjk fuEu fl)kar izfrikfnr fd;k x;k gS %&
"25. Mesne profits being in the nature of
damages, no invariable rule governing their
award and assessment in every case, can be laid
down and "the Court may mould it according to
the justice of the case". Even so, one broad basic
principle governing the liability for mesne profits
is discernible from Section 2(12) of the CPC
which defines 'mesne profits' to mean "those
profits which the person in wrongful possession
of property actually received or might with
ordinary diligence have received therefrom
together with interest on such profits, but shall
not include profits due to improvements made by
the person in wrongful possession". From a plain
reading of this definition, it is clear that wrongful
possession of the defendant is the very essence
of a claim for mesne profits and the very
foundation of the defendant's liability therefore.
As a rule, therefore, liability to pay mesne profits
[2025:RJ-JD:20713] (24 of 27) [CFA-437/2013]
goes with actual possession of the land. That is
to say, generally, the person in wrongful
possession and enjoyment of the immovable
property is liable for mesne profits. But, where
the plaintiff's dispossession, or his being kept out
of possession can be regarded as a joint or
concerted act of several persons, each of them
who participates in the commission of that act
would be liable for mesne profits even though he
was not in actual possession and the profits were
received not by him but by some of his
confederates.
26. In such a case where the claim for
mesne profits is against several trespassers who
combined to keep the plaintiff out of possession;
it is open to the Court to adopt either of the two
courses. It may by its decree hold all such
trespassers jointly and severally liable for mesne
profits, leaving them to have their respective
rights adjusted in a separate suit for
contribution; or, it may, if there is proper
material before it, ascertain and apportion the
liability of each of them on a proper application
made by the defendant during the same
proceedings."
20- lk{; ls ;g Hkh Li"V Fkk fd iwoZ esa oknxzLr tk;nkn ij
ifÍ;k¡ yxh gqbZ Fkha] ftUgsa rksM+dj [email protected] dh
vksj ls dkQh yacs le; rd clsa [kM+h djus esa mi;ksx&miHkksx
fd;k tkrk jgkA vr% lkekU;r% bl fLFkfr esa ;fn nkok is'k djus
ls ysdj vkt fnukad rd dh ifjfLFkfr;ksa dk vanktk yxk;k tk,
rks rc ls ysdj eagxkbZ vkSj laifÙk;ksa ds ewY;ksa esa dkQh o`f) gksus
ls vkSj izR;FkhZ la[;k 1 ls [email protected] dk oknxzLr tk;nkn dk
ekfyd gksrs gq, Hkh yacs le; rd mi;ksx&miHkksx ls oafpr gksus ds
rF; dks ns[krs gq, vkSj vfHkys[k ij vkbZ lk{; dks n`f"Vxr j[krs
gq, bl fook|d dks 25]000@&#i;s izfrekg ds LFkku ij
15]000@&#i;s izfrekg ds :i esa ehUl izksfQV fnyk;k tkuk mfpr
[2025:RJ-JD:20713] (25 of 27) [CFA-437/2013]
ik;s tkus ls bl fook|d ds rgr tks fu"d"kZ fo}ku fopkj.k
U;k;ky; }kjk izR;FkhZ la[;k 1 ls [email protected] ds fo#) fn;k x;k
gS mls mfpr ugha ikrs gq, bl lhek rd bl fu"d"kZ dks vikLr
dj oknxzLr tk;nkn ds laca/k esa 15]000@&#i;s ekgokj dh nj ls
ehUl izksfQV fnyk;k tkuk mfpr gksus ls blh vuq:i vkaf'kd :i
ls ;g fook|d ,oa ØkWl vkWCtsD'ku dks izR;FkhZ la[;k 1 ls
[email protected] ds i{k esa fu.khZr fd;k tkrk gSA
21- fook|d la[;k 7 dks fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk izfroknh
la[;k 3 o 4 ds fo#) fu.khZr fd;k x;k Fkk] tks fd muds }kjk
dkmaVj Dyse ds gh laca/k esa FkkA bl vihy dh LVst ij ;gka ;g
dguk U;k;ksfpr gksxk fd fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk tks fu.kZ;
o fMØh ikfjr dh xbZ Fkh] ml laca/k esa izLrqr bl vihy ds
vuqrks"k esa vihykFkhZx.k dh vksj ls dkm.Vj Dyse ds laca/k esa dksbZ
vuqrks"k ugha ekaxk x;k gS] tcfd fof/kuqlkj tgka dkm.Vj Dyse
vLohdkj gksrk gS rks ml fLFkfr esa vihy izLrqr djus ij dkm.Vj
Dyse ij Hkh fu/kkZfjr dksVZ Qhl is'k djrs gq, bls i`Fkd ls Lohdkj
djus ckcr vuqrks"k dh ekax dh tkrh gS] tks fd izLrqr vihy esa
vihykFkhZ dh vksj ls i`Fkd ls vuqrks"k ekaxk tkuk vkSj bl laca/k esa
dksVZ Qhl Hkh is'k fd;k tkuk ugha ik;k tkrk gSA fook|d la[;k
1] 2] 5 o 6 dks r; djrs le; Hkh tks vihykFkhZx.k dh vksj
ls ,MolZ its'ku ds vk/kkj ij VkbVy ifjiDo gksus dh ckr dgh
xbZ Fkh] og Hkh mlh vuq:i lkfcr gksuk ugha ik;k x;k FkkA vr%
mi;qZDr fLFkfr dks ns[krs gq, tks fo}ku~ fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk bl
fook|d dk fu"d"kZ izfroknh la[;k 3 o 4 ds fo#) fu.khZr fd;k
[2025:RJ-JD:20713] (26 of 27) [CFA-437/2013]
x;k gS] mlesa gLr{ksi dh dksbZ vko';drk ugha gksus ls blh vuq:i
bldh iqf"V dh tkrh gSA
22- mi;qZDr foospu ds vk/kkj ij fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk
tks fook|d la[;k 1] 2] 3] 5] 6 o 7 ij fu"d"kZ fn;k x;k Fkk] mls
vfHkys[k ij vkbZ lk{; dks ns[krs gq, lgh ik;k x;k gS] tcfd
fook|d la[;k 4 dk tks fu"d"kZ izR;FkhZ la[;k 1 ls [email protected] ds
fo#) fd;k x;k Fkk] ml ckcr bl fook|d dks vkaf'kd :i ls
izR;FkhZ la[;k 1 ls [email protected] ds i{k esa fu.khZr djrs gq,
15]000@&#i;s ekgokj dh nj ls ehUl izksfQV fnyk;k tkuk mfpr
gksus ls blh vuq:i bl fook|d dks fu.khZr fd;k x;k gS] lkFk gh
bl laca/k esa tks ØkWl vkWCtsD'ku Hkh izLrqr dh xbZ gS] og Hkh mlh
vuq:i Lohdkj ugha djrs gq, vkaf'kd :i ls izR;FkhZ la[;k 1 ls
[email protected] ds i{k esa fu.khZr dh tkrh gSA
23- ifj.kkeLo:i] vihykFkhZx.k dh vksj ls izLrqr ;g vihy
vLohdkj dj [kkfjt dh tkrh gS ,oa fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk
vius fu.kZ; esa tks vkns'k fook|d la[;k 4 dks NksM+dj 'ks"k vuqrks"k
ds laca/k esa izR;FkhZ la[;k 1 ls [email protected] ds i{k esa ikfjr fd;k
x;k gS] mldh iqf"V djrs gq, fook|d la[;k 4 ds rgr tks fu"d"kZ
fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk ikfjr fd;k x;k gS] mls vikLr
dj ,oa izR;FkhZ la[;k 1 ls [email protected] dh vksj ls izLrqr ØkWl
vkWCtsD'ku dks vkaf'kd :i ls Lohdkj djrs gq, oknxzLr tk;nkn
ds laca/k esa izR;FkhZ la[;k 1 ls [email protected] ds i{k esa ,oa
[email protected] ds fo#) la;qDrr% ,oa ,dkdh :i ls
mi;ksx&miHkksx ds laca/k esa nkok nk;jh dh fnukad ls oknxzLr
tk;nkn dk dCtk izkIr gksus rd 15]000@&#i;s ekgokj dh nj
[2025:RJ-JD:20713] (27 of 27) [CFA-437/2013]
ls mi;ksx o miHkksx ds laca/k esa ehUl izksfQV izkIr djus dk
vf/kdkjh ekuk tkrk gSA
24- bl nhokuh izFke vihy ds fuLrkj.k ds lkFk gh bl vihy
ls lacaf/kr S.B. Civil Misc. Stay Application No. 1660/2013 esa
ikfjr vUrfje vkns'k fnukafdr 26-09-2014 Hkh fujLr fd;k tkrk gS
,oa mi;qZDrkuqlkj LFkxu izkFkZuk i= fuLrkfjr fd;k tkrk gSA
25- bl fu.kZ; dh izfr lfgr fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; dk
vfHkys[k 'kh?kz izsf"kr gksA
(CHANDRA SHEKHAR SHARMA),J
1-2--YogeshwarS/-
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