Madras High Court
Dr.K.Sampath Kumar vs A.Balasubramaniam on 18 April, 2023
S.A.No.1519 of 2008
IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT MADRAS
DATED: 18.04.2023
CORAM:
THE HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE V.LAKSHMINARAYANAN
S.A.No.1519 of 2008
and
M.P.No.1 of 2008
Dr.K.Sampath Kumar .. Appellant
Vs.
A.Balasubramaniam .. Respondent
Prayer: Second Appeal is filed under Section 100 of C.P.C. against the
judgment and decree made in A.S.No.83 of 2005 on the file of the Sub Court,
Bhavani, Erode District, dated 30.11.2005 reversing the well considered
judgment and decree made in O.S.No.89 of 2004 on the file of Principal
District Munsif Court, Bhavani, Erode District dated 15.03.2005.
For Appellant : Mr.S.Vijayakumar
For Respondent : Ms.H.Kavitha
for Mr.S.Kaithamalai Kumaran
JUDGMENT
This Second Appeal is filed against the judgment and decree made in
A.S.No.83 of 2005 on the file of the Sub Court, Bhavani, Erode District, dated
https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis
S.A.No.1519 of 2008
30.11.2005 in reversing the judgment and decree made in O.S.No.89 of 2004
on the file of Principal District Munsif Court, Bhavani, Erode District, dated
15.03.2005.
2.The defendant in O.S.No.32 of 1998 on the file of the Subordinate
Judge at Bhavani, which was re-numbered as O.S.No.89 of 2004 on the file of
the Principal District Munsif at Bhavani is the appellant before me. The suit
had been presented on a promissory note. The relief that was sought was for
recovery of Rs.95,250/-, together with interest from the date of presentation of
the plaint till recovery.
3.It is the case of the plaintiff that the defendant, on 22.04.1995, had
executed a demand promissory note in his favour. Despite several request to
pay the amount, it was not paid. Since it was not paid, he issued lawyer's
notice on 22.11.1996. Despite the receipt of the lawyer's notice, no response
was given. As the defendant was evading payment, the suit was presented for
recovery of the aforesaid amount on 22.04.1998.
https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis
S.A.No.1519 of 2008
4.The appellant filed written statement denying the transaction and
took a specific stand that the document is forgery. According to him, he had
never executed the document and even assuming that the document had been
executed, no consideration was passed under the said document and therefore,
he is not liable to pay a single naya paisa.
5.The parties went to trial and the plaintiff examined himself as P.W.1
and the scribe of the document as P.W.2. The defendant examined himself as
D.W.1.
6.During the course of pendency before the Principal District Munsif,
Bhavani, Erode District, the appellant took out an application in I.A.No.953
of 2000 for the purpose of sending the document for examination by an expert
under Section 45 of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872. Though the Court had
called upon him to give his admitted signatures which had come into being
before the litigation commenced for comparison along with suit promissory
note, the defendant did not furnish the same.
https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis
S.A.No.1519 of 2008
7.The learned Trial Judge cast the burden on the plaintiff and held that
since there is contradiction between P.W.1 & P.W.2, he came to the conclusion
that the borrowal of the amount under the suit promissory note was not
proved and that the plaintiff is not entitled to succeed.
8.On an appeal made to the learned Subordinate Judge, Bhavani, Erode
District, in A.S.No.83 of 2005, the learned Judge held that under Section 118
of Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881, there is a presumption that the suit
promissory note was executed for consideration. He further held as the
defendant did not give his admitted signatures, he was fighting shy to
discharge the burden of proving the act of forgery, which had been cast upon
him and allowed the appeal. He decreed the suit as prayed for. As against the
reversal of the judgment, the defendant has filed the present Second Appeal.
9.Heard Mr.S.Vijayakumar, learned counsel for the appellant and
Ms.H.Kavitha, learned counsel for Mr.S.Kaithamalai Kumaran, learned
counsel for the respondent.
https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis
S.A.No.1519 of 2008
10.Mr.S.Vijayakumar, would vehemently contend that there is no
consideration that was passed under the suit promissory note. He would
further allege that the suit promissory note is vitiated by forgery and there is
contradiction in the evidence of P.W.1 & P.W.2 and finally that, by virtue of
the evidence of D.W.1, the burden to prove the document had been shifted
from the defendant to the plaintiff, who had miserably failed to discharge the
same. Therefore, he sought for the appeal to be allowed and suit to be
dismissed.
10(i).He would plead the following substantial questions of law arises
for consideration.
THE FOLLOWING SUBSTANTIAL
QUESTIONS OF LAW ARISES IN THIS
SECOND APPEAL
a.Whether the Lower Appellate Court is
right in reversing the Trial Court Judgment when
the Plaintiff failed to discharge his initial burden
that the Defendant has signed the pronote?
https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis
S.A.No.1519 of 2008
b.Whether the Lower Appellate Court is
right in decreeing the Suit by wrongly costing the
burden on the Defendant to prove his signature
when the plaintiff failed to discharge the initial
burden?
c.PW2's evidence was not in corroboration
with PW1 and failure on the part of Plaintiff to
cross examine PW2 when he turned hostile,
whether the Lower Appellate Court is right in
decreeing the suit?
10(ii).This Court did not admit the appeal in the year 2008, but had
only ordered notice regarding admission on 01.12.2008.
11.The argument that Court has to hold that no consideration was
passed on under the promissory note fails to take note of Section 118 of the
Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881. A reading of the said provision would show
that there is a presumption that a pronote, which has been executed, has been
made out for consideration and the initial burden is on the defendant to
disprove the same. In this case, the defendant's clear and categorical stand is
that the promissory note is vitiated on account of forgery. The defendant, in
fact, had taken out an application in I.A.No.953 of 2000 before the learned
https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis
S.A.No.1519 of 2008
Subordinate Judge, Bhavani, Erode District. The said application was allowed
and the defendant had undertook to produce contemporaneous documents.
However, he had failed to produce them.
12.Mr.S.Vijayakumar, learned counsel would argue that since the
defendant did not have any contemporaneous document, he did not produce
the same. Their argument is shocking to say the least. The appellant is not an
illiterate individual carrying on some farm activities or indulging in grazing of
cattle. He is a Government Medical Doctor and is also running a hospital at
Anthiyur. Therefore, I can take judicial note of the fact that every day the
Doctors would sign the case sheets, prescriptions and write documents as a
course of in discharge of their duties. The failure to produce contemporaneous
documents constrains me to draw adverse inference against the appellant as
stated infra.
13.The reason stated out for not producing the document is not valid
and I am not willing to accept the same. The defendant having taken out an
application under Section 45, ought to have proceeded with it. Instead of
doing so, he avoided the same. Being left with no other option, the trial Court
https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis
S.A.No.1519 of 2008
dismissed the application. No petition was filed either to restore I.A.No.953 of
2000 nor was a revision preferred before this Court. The mere fact that the
defendant has been unwilling to produce his admitted signature, constrains
me to draw adverse inference against him. The inference being that the
defendant's case would have failed, had contemporaneous signatures had been
produced and that is the reason why he did not produce any contemporaneous
document.
14.Qua the argument that there is inherent contradiction in the evidence
of P.W.1 and P.W.2., a proper reading of the evidence would show that the
execution of the document is proved. The learned Appellate Judge has given
proper reasons that since the defendant is colluding with P.W.2 and it is also
been admitted by him in evidence, P.W.2 has been persuaded to go against his
examination in chief. In this case, the evidence of P.W.2 was not recorded by
way of proof affidavit, but P.W.2 has entered the witness box and has given
statement on 15.02.2005. Two days later, i.e., on 17.02.2005, he would recant
whatever he stated. In accordance with the statement of P.W.2, the proof
affidavit came to be filed by D.W.1 on 21.02.2005. This shows that P.W.2.
and D.W.1 evidence acting in tandem.
https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis
S.A.No.1519 of 2008
15.Be that as it may, in the light of the special rules of evidence under
Section 118 of the Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 read with Section 103 of
the Indian Evidence Act, 1872, the heavy burden lies on the defendant to
prove his defence. He had miserably failed to discharge the same. He is bound
to fail. I am not willing to admit the Second Appeal. The questions of law
raised by the learned counsel do not arise for consideration.
16.The Second Appeal is dismissed at the admission stage itself. The
judgment and decree of the Sub Court, Bhavani, Erode District in A.S.No.83
of 2005 dated 30.11.2005 in reversing the judgment and decree of the
Principal District Munsif Court, Bhavani, Erode District in O.S.No.89 of 2004
dated 15.03.2005 stands confirmed. The suit is decreed as prayed for.
Consequently, the connected Miscellaneous Petition is closed. Costs
throughout.
18.04.2023
krk
Index : Yes / No
Internet : Yes / No
Neutral Citation : Yes / No
https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis
S.A.No.1519 of 2008
V.LAKSHMINARAYANAN, J.
krk
To
1.The Principal District Munsif,
District Munsif Court,
Bhavani, Erode District.
2.The Subordinate Judge,
Sub Court,
Bhavani, Erode District.
3.The Record Keeper,
VR Section,
High Court of Madras,
Chennai.
S.A.No.1519 of 2008
18.04.2023
https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis
