Kallummood Ksheerolpadaka ... vs State Of Kerala
2023 Latest Caselaw 6877 Ker

                  IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM
                                  PRESENT
                THE HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE ALEXANDER THOMAS
                                     &
                 THE HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE C. JAYACHANDRAN
           Thursday, the 22nd day of June 2023 / 1st Ashadha, 1945
                             WA NO. 1186 OF 2023
  AGAINST THE JUDGMENT DATED 15/6/2023 IN WP(C) 32912/2022 OF THIS COURT.
APPELLANT/PETITIONER IN THE W.P.(C)

     KALLUMMOOD KSHEEROLPADAKA CO-OPERATIVE SOCIETY LTD-Q-197 (D) APCOS,
     KALLUMMOOD, MAYYANAD P.O, KOLLAM-691303, REPRESENTED BY ITS
     ADMINISTRATIVE COMMITTEE CONVENER, S. SYAM KUMAR, SON OF
     SANTHAKUMARAN, AGED 42 YEARS, RESIDING AT AVANI, AKKOLIL, P.O.
     KOOTTIKKADA, KOLLAM, PIN - 691020.

BY ADVOCATE SRI. P.V.BABY

RESPONDENTS/RESPONDENTS IN W.P(C) & ADDL. R4 IMPLEADED:

  1. STATE OF KERALA, REPRESENTED BY CHIEF SECRETARY, SECRETARIAT,
     THIRUVANANTHAPURAM, PIN - 695001
  2. THIRUVANANTHAPURAM REGIONAL CO-OPERATIVE MILK PRODUCERS UNION LTD.
     NO.T-177 (D) APCOS, REPRESENTED BY MANAGING DIRECTOR, KSHEERA
     BHAVAN, PATTOM, THIRUVANANTHAPURAM, PIN - 695005
  3. STATE CO-OPERATIVE ELECTION COMMISSION, CO-BANK TOWERS, VIKAS BHAVAN
     POST, THIRUVANANTHAPURAM, PIN - 695033
  4. MANAGING COMMITTEE OF PALLIPURAM NORTH KSHEEROLPADAKA CO-OPERATIVE
     SOCIETY LTD. NO. A-171(D) APCOS, REPRESENTED BY ITS PRESIDENT,
     PALLIPPURAM P.O, CHERTHALA, ALLAPUZHA, PIN - 688524

BY GOVERNMENT PLEADER   FOR R1

     Prayer for interim relief in the Writ Appeal stating that in the
circumstances stated in the appeal memorandum, the High Court be pleased
to stay the operation of the judgment in W.P.(C) No.32912/2022 dated
15/6/2023, till the disposal of the appeal.
     This Writ Appeal coming on for orders on 22/06/2023 upon perusing
the appeal memorandum, the court on the same day passed the following:
       ALEXANDER THOMAS & C.JAYACHANDRAN, JJ.
           =================================
                            W.A No.1187 of 2023
    [arising out of the impugned judgment dated 15.06.2023 in W.P(C) No.9793/2022],
                            W.A No.1186 of 2023
   [arising out of the impugned judgment dated 15.06.2023 in W.P(C) No.32912/2022],
                            W.A No.1189 of 2023
    [arising out of the impugned judgment dated 15.06.2023 in W.P(C) No.9793/2022],
                                    &
                            W.A No.1192 of 2023
   [arising out of the impugned judgment dated 15.06.2023 in W.P(C) No.14211/2022]
            =================================
                       Dated this the 22nd day of June, 2023

                                       ORDER

W.A No.1187 of 2023

Admit Writ Appeal.

2. This Court has already passed order dated 21.06.2023 in this

appeal, ordering notice and also granting interim status quo order. The

said order dated 21.06.2023, reads as follows :

" Notices before admission for respondents 1 to 5 have been taken by Sri.P.N.Mohanan, learned Standing Counsel; Notices for respondents 6 to 8 have been taken by Sri.C.M.Nazar, learned Standing Counsel for State Co- operative Election Commission; Notice for R9 has been taken by Smt.Latha Anand, learned counsel; Notice for R10 has been taken by Sri.P.P.Thajudeen, learned Special Government Pleader (Co-operation); Notices for R11 and R12 have been taken by Sri.M.Sasindran, learned counsel; Notices for R13 and R14 have been taken by Sri.T.R.Harikumar, learned counsel; Notices for R15 and R16 have been taken by Sri.D.Somasundaram, learned counsel; Notices for R17 and R18 have been taken by Sri.N.Anand, learned counsel and Notice for R19 has been taken by Sri.V.S.Chandrasekharan, learned counsel. Learned counsel for the appellant is permitted to serve notice of this appeal memorandum on R20, through the learned advocate who appeared for the party at the W.P.(C) stage.

2. Heard the parties for some time. Since some more details is required, the matter is adjourned to 22.06.2023.

3. Having regard to the facts and circumstances of this case, in order to preserve and protect the subject matter of this lis, it is ordered in the interest of justice that status quo as on today as regards the declaration of W.A Nos.1187, 1186, 1189 & 1192 of 2023

results of the election to the Managing Committee of the 9 th respondent, Thiruvananthapuram Regional Co-operative Milk Producers Union Ltd No.T 177 D, in pursuance of the impugned judgment dated 15.06.2023 by the learned Single Judge in the instant W.P.(C) No.9793/2022 shall be maintained by the authorities concerned. We have told now that the results of the above said election have not so far been officially declared by the competent authorities concerned.

This interim order will be in force for a period of two days.

List on 22.06.2023."

3. The respective Advocates concerned have already taken notices

for the various parties concerned, as mentioned in the afore order dated

21.06.2023. The learned counsel for the appellant submit that notice in

this writ appeal has already been served on R-20 through

Sri.D.Somasundaram, learned Advocate. Sri.D.Somasundaram, learned

Advocate has taken notice for R-20. Service complete. The Registry will

show the names of the respective Advocates concerned in the cause list.

4. We have heard Sri.Renjith Thampan, learned Senior Counsel

instructed by Sri.V.M.Krishnakumar, learned counsel appearing for the

appellant in this W.A/R-15 in the W.P(C); Sri.P.N.Mohanan, learned

Advocate appearing for respondents 1 to 5 herein/writ petitioners;

Sri.C.M.Nazar, learned Standing Counsel for the State Co-operative

Election Commission, appearing for R-6 to R-8; Sri.P.P.Thajudeen, learned

Special Government Pleader (Co-operation), appearing for R-10 (State);

Smt.Latha Anand, learned Standing Counsel for R-9 (Thiruvananthapuram W.A Nos.1187, 1186, 1189 & 1192 of 2023

Regional Co-operative Milk Producers Union) as well as the other

Advocates appearing in the connected appeals.

5. Sri.Renjith Thampan, learned Senior Counsel instructed by

Sri.V.M.Krishnakumar, learned counsel appearing for the writ appellant,

would submit that the main question raised in the above writ proceedings

and in this writ appeal is as to whether any delegate, authorized by the

Administrator/Administrative Committee of the affiliated primary co-

operative societies, can vote in the elections to the Managing Committee of

the respondent - Regional Co-operative Milk Producers' Union (hereinafter

referred for short as the Regional Society), since such a member of the

primary society, nominated by the Administrator of the said Society, is not

the President of such Society and that this issue involves the interpretation

of Sec.28(8) of the Kerala Co-operative Societies Act ('KCS Act', for short),

as amended w.e.f 12.02.2021. That, the first issue has arisen in the factual

context that 58 primary co-operative societies, out of the various primary

co-operative societies affiliated to the abovesaid respondent (Regional

Society), happened to be under the Administrator/Administrative

Committee, after the supersession of the respective elected committees. It

is also pointed out that, Sec.8A of the KCS Act deals with affiliation to the

Apex Society. Further that, Sec.8A(4) would mandate that, W.A Nos.1187, 1186, 1189 & 1192 of 2023

notwithstanding anything contained in the KCS Act or the KCS Rules or the

bylaws of a Regional Co-operative Milk Producers' Union, the Anand

Pattern Milk Co-operative Societies, having a regular elected Committee

and doing business of milk procurement and sale within the area of

operation of the Regional Co-operative Milk Producers' Union, shall be

admitted as members of the Regional Co-operative Milk Producers' Union.

6. Submissions are also made on behalf of the appellant by placing

reliance on the proviso to Rule 44A of the KCS Rules, wherein it is

mandated that if the affairs of the society are managed by

Administrator/Administrators/Administrative Committee appointed

under Secs.28 or 32 or 33 of the Act, then the person or persons so

appointed shall have the power to nominate any member of the society to

be its delegate in the other society and that such delegate shall be eligible to

vote and to be elected as a member of the Committee of the other society in

which he sits as a delegate if he is otherwise qualified to be a delegate

under the relevant Rules.

7. Further that, the second issue is as to whether primary

societies, who were granted membership/affiliation by the

Administrator/Administrative Committee of the respondent (Regional Co-

operative Society), also could take part in the voting process for the W.A Nos.1187, 1186, 1189 & 1192 of 2023

abovesaid election to the Managing Committee of the respondent (Regional

Co-operative Society), in view of clause (a) to the proviso to Sec.20 of the

Act. In other words, the said issue is as to whether the bar envisaged, as

per clause (a) of the proviso to Sec.20 of the KCS Act, could be attracted in

such cases, where the primary co-operative society has been granted

affiliation to the Regional Co-operative Society by the Administrator of the

said Regional Society. It is pointed out that the said second issue arises in

the factual context that, according to the writ petitioners, about

23 primary co-operative societies were granted membership in the regional

society by the Administrator of the Regional Co-operative Society and not

at a time when the elected committee of the said Regional Society was in

office.

8. The learned Senior Counsel would mainly argue that Sec.28(8)

of the KCS Act, as amended as above, stipulates that notwithstanding

anything contained in the KCS Act or the Rules made thereunder or the

bylaws of a Regional Co-operative Milk Producers Union or in any other

law, judgment or decree or orders of any court or tribunal, for the time

being in force, the delegate of the member Anand Pattern Milk Co-

operative Society ('APCOS', for short), to attend the General Body meetings

and to contest the elections to the Managing Committee of the Regional W.A Nos.1187, 1186, 1189 & 1192 of 2023

Co-operative Milk Producers' Union, shall be the President of member

APCO Society only. It is argued, on behalf of the appellant, that the said

restrictions, envisaged in Sec.28(8) of the KCS Act, would not apply in the

present factual matrix. It is urged that the main restriction or bar in the

election process, envisaged as per the last limb of Sec.28(8) is that only the

President of the member Primary Society can contest the elections to the

Managing Committee of the Regional Society. That, the right to contest the

election and the right to vote cannot be treated as identical or synonymous

and though these rights may be inter-related, they can be segregated and

unless the Legislature has mandated that the restriction in that regard

would be not only in the case of contesting the elections, but also to take

part in the voting process, the precious right to vote, guaranteed as per the

operative portion of Sec.20, cannot be taken away, unless any of the

proviso thereto are attracted, which is absent in the instant case. Further

that, the restriction or bar in the first limb of Sec.28(8) is regarding

attending the general body meetings. That, in other words, only the

President of the Member Co-operative Society, can attend the general body

meetings of the Regional Society. That, ordinarily, in many of the societies,

the election process involves the convening of the general body meeting

and the election process being held in the general body meeting. But, in W.A Nos.1187, 1186, 1189 & 1192 of 2023

the instant case, for the Milk Producers' Union Society, the Legislature has

envisaged an entirely different procedure for elections, inasmuch as

Sec.28(1K) which was was inserted, as per the abovesaid amendment, with

effect from 12.02.2021, stipulates that, notwithstanding anything contained

in the KCS Act or the KCS Rules or the bylaws, in a Regional Society,

having jurisdiction over more than one district, the members of the

Committee representing each revenue district shall be elected by the

member societies of that particular revenue district itself from among

themselves. That in the instant case, the hierarchy is at three levels. There

is a State Apex Society called 'Milma', for short and thereafter, there are

three Regional Central Societies, including R-9 (Regional Society) and R-9

is having territorial jurisdiction of four revenue districts, viz.,

Thiruvananthapuram, Kollam, Pathanamthitta & Alappuzha. The Regional

Co-operative Society at Ernakulam has jurisdiction over the revenue

districts of Idukki, Ernakulam, Thrissur & Kottayam and the Regional

Society at Kozhikode is having territorial jurisdiction over the revenue

districts of Kozhikode, Wayanad, Kannur & Kasaragode districts. That, the

Legislature has mandated the special procedure for the election process to

the Regional Society, inasmuch as there is no general body meeting of all

the voters in the entire area of operation of the respondent (Regional W.A Nos.1187, 1186, 1189 & 1192 of 2023

Society) and that what is mandated is that, election process should be done

in each of the four districts under R-9 (Society) separately, namely, in the

revenue districts of Thiruvananthapuram, Kollam,Pathanamtitta &

Alappuzha. That therefore, there is no question of election being

conducted by R-9 (Regional Society), by calling the general body meeting

of the entire area of operation of the said Regional Society, comprising of

all the abovesaid four districts. That, therefore, since the election process

is revenue district-wise and not the entire territory-wise, the restriction,

envisaged in the first limb of Sec.28(8), regarding attending the general

body meeting, will not be attracted in a case where election is conducted

district-wise to the respondent (Regional Society). That, there may be

other purposes for which General Body meeting will have to be held, other

than election. For such purposes, the restriction will certainly apply, in

that, only the President of the member APCO Society alone will be entitled

to attend the general body meetings. Therefore, it is argued that the

abovesaid restrictions, envisaged in the first and second limbs of Sec.28(8),

are not factually attracted, in the instant facts and circumstances of the

case. That, this crucial and relevant aspect of the matter, has been

completely overlooked in the rendering of the impugned judgment, even

though specific issues, as per issues (B) & (C) have been mentioned in W.A Nos.1187, 1186, 1189 & 1192 of 2023

para 30 in page 50 of the impugned judgment. In the light of these aspects,

Sri.Renjith Thampan, learned Senior Counsel would urge that all the 58

primary co-operative societies, who were under the

Administrator/Administrative Committee at the relevant time, had the

right to sent one delegate, as nominated by the Administrator or

Administrative Committee at the relevant time, to take part in the voting

process, though they may not have the right to contest the election. That,

in the instant case, none of such delegates have stood as candidates for the

instant impugned election.

9. Further, it is urged by the learned counsel, that even though the

general legal dictum is that the Administrator of a co-operative society may

not have the jurisdiction to enroll new members and such enrolled new

members does not have the right to vote or take part in the election, etc., a

special and exceptional scenario has been created by the Legislature, the

Rule making authority, by framing Rule 44A of the KCS Rules. That, Rule

44A deals with delegate of societies in the Committee to another society to

be members of the Committee. That, the statutory provision mandated

and envisaged, as per the proviso to Rule 44A supra, is an exception to the

general scenario.

W.A Nos.1187, 1186, 1189 & 1192 of 2023

10. Further that, while answering the questions (B) & (C), given in

paras 33 to 37 of the impugned judgment at internal pages 52 to 58 thereof,

no specific reasonings are given, as to why such primary co-operative

societies under the Administrative Committee cannot take part in the

voting process and that the impugned judgment has proceeded on the

premise, as if the bar as against contesting the election, would

automatically attract the bar to vote in the election as well. That, the said

perspective in the impugned judgment is highly erroneous.

11. In that regard, it is urged that Sec.8A of the KCS Act deals with

affiliation to apex society. Further that, Sec.8A(4) would mandate that,

notwithstanding anything contained in the KCS Act or the KCS Rules or the

bylaws of a Regional Co-operative Milk Producers' Union, the Anand

Pattern Milk Co-operative Societies having a regular elected Managing

Committee and doing the business of milk procurement and sale within the

area of operation of the Regional Co-operative Milk Producers' Union shall

be admitted as members of the Regional Co-operative Milk Producers'

Union. That, in view of the mandate contained in Sec.8A(4), the primary

co-operative societies concerned, have the right to be admitted as the

members of the Regional society and the said right cannot be curtailed

merely because the affiliating Regional society is administered by an W.A Nos.1187, 1186, 1189 & 1192 of 2023

Administrator or Administrative Committee, at the time when the primary

co-operative societies seek membership thereto.

12. Further, it is submitted that, even if the proviso to Sec.20 would

apply, the time deadline therein is 60 days immediately prior to the date of

election and not six months, as observed by the learned Single Judge in

para 39(2) in page 59 of the impugned judgment. The operative portion of

Sec.20 stipulates that, notwithstanding anything contained in any other

provision of the KCS Act or any other law, every member of a society shall

have one vote in the affairs of the society. That, the said operative portion

of Sec.20 confers a right and entitlement for every member of a society to

have one vote in the affairs of the society. Further that, clause (a) to

proviso to Sec.20 stipulates that a member admitted within sixty days,

immediately prior to the date of election, shall not have the right to vote,

etc. That, even if it is assumed that clause (a) to proviso to Sec.20 would

also have an impact on Sec.8A(4), the time deadline stipulated by the said

proviso is 60 days prior to the date of election and not six months.

13. It is urged by the learned Senior Counsel that 23 primary co-

operative societies were given membership by the respondent (Regional

Society), at a time when the said regional society was under the

Administrator/Administrative Committee. Further that, out of the said W.A Nos.1187, 1186, 1189 & 1192 of 2023

23 primary co-operative societies, about 13 primary societies were given

membership to the Regional society, much before the commencement of

the 60 days time limit, envisaged in clause (a) to proviso to Sec.20. Further

that, in case clause (a) to proviso to Sec.20 would apply even as against

Sec.8A(4), then at best only the remaining 10 primary co-operative

societies, out of the 23 said societies, may invite any bar to take part in the

voting process.

14. Sri.Renjith Thampan, learned Senior Counsel, has also made

certain submissions on the basis of Annexure-1, which is the copy of the

Bill introduced in the Kerala Legislative Assembly to amend certain

provisions of Sec.28(8) and other related provisions and that the said Bill

has been passed by the Legislative Assembly and that the passed Bill is now

awaiting the assent of the Governor of the State, etc. On the basis of

Annexure-1, the learned Senior Counsel would urge that even the

Legislature has now clarified and declared that the right to vote is not taken

away by the restrictions contained in Sec.28(8), etc. At this interlocutory

stage, we need not get into these aspects, for the simple reason that though

the Bill may have been passed, the same has not become an enactment as

of now, as understood in the Constitution of India.

W.A Nos.1187, 1186, 1189 & 1192 of 2023

15. Per contra, Sri.P.N.Mohanan, learned counsel appearing for R-1

to R-6 herein/writ petitioners, would urge that the bar envisaged in

Sec.28(8), to contest the election, would also include the right to vote in the

election process, etc. Further that, the first limb of Sec.28(8), regarding

participation in the general body meeting, should be understood in the

general context of the provisions of the KCS Act, wherein, ordinarily, it is

envisaged that election process should be by calling of the general body

meeting, as provided in Sec.29 of the KCS Act. Further that, if elections to

the respondent (Regional Society) is to be done district-wise and not for

the entire territorial area, then each such district-wise election process

should be envisaged as the general body meeting for the said election

process and therefore, the bar envisaged in terms of the first limb to

Sec.28(8) would also apply and merely because the election process is

district-wise, it will not take away the impact of the bar.

16. Hence, it is urged that the delegates of each of the 58

co-operative societies, who were nominated by the respective

Administrator of the said primary society, cannot take part in the

impugned election. That, Sec.21(1) would stipulate that every member of a

society shall exercise his vote in person. Further that, Sec.21(2) would

stipulates that, notwithstanding anything contained in Sec.21(1), a society W.A Nos.1187, 1186, 1189 & 1192 of 2023

or corporation or a statutory or non-statutory Board, Committee or other

body of persons, which is a member of another society, may, subject to any

rules made under the KCS Act, appoint one of its members to vote on its

behalf in the affairs of the other society. Further that, the bylaw in each of

these primary co-operative societies, has stipulated that the respective

Presidents of the respective primary co-operative society is the delegate, as

envisaged in Sec.21(2), etc. So, it is argued that, in terms of Sec.28(8), a

delegate other than the President of the respective co-operative society

cannot take part in the voting process and if the primary co-operative

society is under an Administrator and that in the absence of anelected

managing committee, the Administrator of the said primary society cannot

nominate a delegate, etc. Hence, it is urged by the learned counsel for the

writ petitioners that the bar in Sec.28(8) would apply and therefore, the

delegates of such primary co-operative societies, nominated by their

respective Administrator, cannot take part in the voting process.

17. Sri.P.N.Mohanan, learned counsel appearing for the contesting

respondents/writ petitioners, would submit that what is envisaged in terms

of Sec.8A(4) is only admission as members of the Regional Society and

that, admission of a member society and affiliation of a member society,

are two different aspects. That Rule 16 of the KCS Rules deal with W.A Nos.1187, 1186, 1189 & 1192 of 2023

admission and Rule 16E deals with application for affiliation and that

unless the procedure for affiliation is completed, in terms of Rule 16E,

there is no question of getting the right to vote. Further that, the bar under

clause (a) to proviso to Sec.20 is also attracted in the instant case.

18. After hearing both sides, we are of the view that a strong prima

facie case has been made out by the appellants. The learned Senior

Counsel for the appellant would submit that if the impugned judgment is

not stayed, then the successful writ petitioners may seek for enforcement of

the impugned verdict by contempt proceedings, etc. Further, we also note

that if the impugned judgment is now implemented, then the results of the

election will have to be officially declared, by excluding the disputed votes

and this may have unnecessary complications. Accordingly, taking note of

these aspects, it is ordered, in the interest of justice, that the operation and

enforcement of the impugned judgment dated 15.06.2023, rendered by the

learned Single Judge in W.P(C) No.9793/2022, will stand stayed and shall

be kept in abeyance. If we grant stay of the impugned judgment and there

is no other protective measures to take care of the interest of the successful

writ petitioners, then the results of the elections to the Regional society

may be declared after counting both the disputed and undisputed votes.

This may have adverse consequences for the successful writ petitioners. W.A Nos.1187, 1186, 1189 & 1192 of 2023

Hence, to protect their interests, it is ordered that the results of the

elections to the Managing Committee of the R-9 (Thiruvananthapuram

Regional Co-operative Milk Producers' Union Ltd. No.T 177 D), shall not be

declared, except with the permission of this Court.

19. Both sides submit that efforts will be taken for the early hearing

and disposal of the main matter in the above appeals.

List this Writ Appeal, along with W.A Nos.1186, 1189 & 1192 on

26/07/2023.

W.A No.1186 of 2023

Admit.

2. Sri.P.P.Thajudeen, learned Special Government Pleader (Co-

operation) has taken notice for R-1 (State). Smt.Latha Anand, learned

Standing Counsel has taken notice for R-2; Sri.C.M.Nazar, learned

Standing Counsel for the State Co-operative Election Commission has

taken notice for R-3 and Sri.P.N.Mohanan, learned Advocate has taken

notice for R-4 (Co-operative Society).

W.A No.1189 of 2023

Admit.

2. Sri.P.N.Mohanan, learned Advocate has taken notices for R-1 to

R-5; Sri.C.M.Nazar, learned Standing Counsel for the State Co-operative W.A Nos.1187, 1186, 1189 & 1192 of 2023

Election Commission has taken notices for R-6, R-7 & R-8; Smt.Latha

Anand, learned Standing Counsel has taken notice for R-9 (Regional

Society); Sri.P.P.Thajudeen, learned Special Government Pleader (Co-

operation) has taken notice for R-10 (State of Kerala).

3. Sri.M.Sasindran, learned counsel appearing for the appellant

submits that R-11 in the W.A is not a necessary party and that he had

appeared for that party at the W.P(C) stage and that the said party can be

deleted from the respondent array of this appeal. R-11 stands deleted

accordingly. Sri.T.R.Harikumar, learned Advocate has taken notice for

R-12 & R-13 ; Sri.D.Somasundaram, learned Advocate has taken notices for

R-14, R-15 & R-20 ; Sri.N.Anand, learned Advocate has taken notices for

R-16 & R-17 ; Sri.V.M.Krishnakumar, learned Advocate has taken notice for

R-19.

W.A No.1192 of 2023

Admit Writ Appeal.

2. Sri.P.P.Thajudeen, learned Special Government Pleader (Co-

operation) has taken notices for R-1 & R-2; Sri.C.M.Nazar, learned

Standing Counsel for the State Co-operative Election Commission has

taken notices for R-3 & R-4; Smt.Latha Anand, learned Standing Counsel

has taken notice for R-5 (Regional Society); Sri.N.Anand, learned W.A Nos.1187, 1186, 1189 & 1192 of 2023

Advocate has taken notices for R-6 & R-7.

W.A Nos.1186, 1189 & 1192 of 2023

The Registry will show the names of the abovesaid Advocates in the

cause list. The abovesaid order dated 21.06.2023 passed by this Court in

W.A No.1187/2023, will regulate the interlocutory scenario in these cases

as well.

List these Writ Appeals, along with W.A No.1187/2023 on

26/07/2023.

Hand Over

Sd/-

ALEXANDER THOMAS, JUDGE

Sd/-

C.JAYACHANDRAN, JUDGE

vgd