Citation : 2025 Latest Caselaw 7847 Kant
Judgement Date : 29 August, 2025
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IN THE HIGH COURT OF KARNATAKA, AT
DHARWAD
DATED THIS THE 29TH DAY OF AUGUST, 2025
BEFORE
THE HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE SURAJ GOVINDARAJ
WRIT PETITION NO. 101061 OF 2025 (GM-RES)
BETWEEN:
VIJAYKUMAR M. SHEELVANT,
AGE: 63 YEAS, OCC: ADVOCATE,
R/O: PLOT NO.10, 1ST CROSS,
NADGIR PARK, SADHANKERI,
DHARWAD - 580 001.
...PETITIONER
(BY SRI. M. L. VANTI, ADVOCATE)
AND:
1. THE STATE OF KARNATAKA,
REPT. BY THE PRINCIPAL SECRETARY,
HOME DEPARTMENT, VIDHANASOUDA,
BANGALORE - 560 001.
Digitally signed by
GIRIJA A.
BYAHATTI 2. THE UNDER SECRETARY TO THE GOVERNMENT,
Location: High (POLICE SERVICE-B), HOME ADMINSTRATION,
Court of
Karnataka, KAVERI BHAVAN, BENGALURU.
Dharwad Bench,
Dharwad
3. DIRECTOR GENERAL AND INSPECTOR
GENERAL OF POLICE, KARNATAKA STATE,
BANGALORE - 01.
4. I ADDL, SOLICITOR AND EX-OFFICIO,
DEPUTY SECRETARY TO GOVERNMENT,
HOME DEPARTMENT VIDHANASOUDHA,
BENGALURU - 560 001.
...RESPONDENTS
(BY SRI. SHARAD V. MAGADUM, AGA)
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THIS WRIT PETITION IS FILED UNDER ARTICLES 226 AND
227 OF THE CONSTITUTION OF INDIA PRAYING TO ISSUE A
WRIT IN THE NATURE OF MANDAMUS OR ANY OTHER
APPROPRIATE WRIT, ORDER OR DIRECTIONS DIRECTING THE
RESPONDENTS TO PAY THE PROFESSIONAL FEES OF THE
PETITIONER AS PER BILL NO. I AND II AMOUNTING TO RS.
44,59,500/-, AS PER ANNEXURE-E DATED 16/11/2023 ALONG
WITH 18% INTEREST TILL REALISATION, TO MEET ENDS OF
JUSTICE AND ETC.,
THIS WRIT PETITION HAVING BEEN HEARD AND
RESERVED ON 18.08.2025, COMING ON FOR PRONOUNCEMENT
OF ORDERS THIS DAY, COURT MADE THE FOLLOWING:
CAV ORDER
(PER: THE HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE SURAJ GOVINDARAJ)
1. The petitioner, who is a former State Public Prosecutor
practising in the High Court of Karnataka, more
particularly at the Dharwad Bench, is before this Court
seeking the following reliefs:
i. Issue a Writ in the nature of Mandamus or any
other appropriate writ, order or directions
directing the respondents to pay the Professional
Fees of the petitioner as per bill No. I and II
amounting to Rs. 44,59,500/-, as per Annexure-
E dtd. 16/11/2023 along with 18% interest till
realisation, to meet ends of justice.
ii. Grant such other relief's as this Hon'ble Court
deems fit in circumstances of the case.
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2. The second respondent, Home Department, taking into
consideration that the petitioner is a State Public
Prosecutor, appointed him as a Special Public
Prosecutor to conduct a case on behalf of the
Government arising out of Crime No.63/2022,
registered by the Old Hubballi Police Station, popularly
known as the Hubballi Riots Case, vide appointment
letter dated 17.05.2022. A notification towards that
effect was also issued, stating that his emoluments
would be in terms of the Government Order bearing No.
ME 106 ¥À¦E 2019(E) dated 22.12.2020, at Annexure-A. The
said notification is reproduced hereunder for easy
reference:
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3. Subsequently, on 03.06.2022, the fourth respondent,
Deputy Secretary to Government, Home Department,
appointed the petitioner as a Special Public Prosecutor
to conduct cases on behalf of the Government in
Criminal Petition Nos.101469-2022 - 101480-2022,
pending on the file of the High Court of Karnataka,
Dharwad Bench, which in fact arose from Crime
No.63/2022-74/2022, as also all cases arising out of
Crime No.63/2022 stating that the remuneration shall
be as per the Government Order No.HD 4948 HCP.2
2009 dated 25.08.2020, vide Annexure-B. The said
notification is reproduced hereunder for easy reference:
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No:HD:4136:HCP-1:2021.
Karnataka Government Secretariat,
Vidhana Soudha,
Bengaluru, Dated: 03-06-2022.
NOTIFICATION
In exercise of the powers conferred by the
proviso to sub-section (8) of section 34 of the code of
Criminal Procedure 1975 (Central Act. No.2 of 1974)
as amended by the Karnataka Law Officers
(Appointment Conditions of Services) Rules 1977, Sri
Vijaykumar Maheshwarappa Sheelvant, Advocate,
Dharwad, is hereby appointed as a Special Public
Prosecutor for conducting Crl.Pet.Nos. 101469/2022 -
101480/2022 - on the file of Hon'ble High Court of
Karnataka, Dharwad Bench, and any case/s arising
out of Crime Nos.63/2022-74/2022, registered by the
Old Hubballi P.S., Hubballi on behalf of the State of
Karnataka.
Remuneration of the above said Special Public
Prosecutor shall be as per the Government Order No.
HD 4948 HCP.2 2009, Dated: 25-08-2020.
By Order and in the name of the
Governor of Karnataka
Sd/-
(VIJAYALAXMI GHANAPUR)
I Additional Solicitor and Ex. Officio,
Deputy Secretary to Government,
HOME DEPARTMENT.
4. In terms thereof, the petitioner alleges that 4 bills were
raised, Bills no 3 and 4 were paid but Bills no.1 and 2
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were not paid, and it is in that background that the
aforesaid reliefs are sought for.
5. Sri.M. L. Vanti, learned counsel for the petitioner would
submit that;
5.1. Initially the appointment was made to prosecute
on behalf of the State in Crime No.63/2022.
Subsequently, on the criminal petitions being
filed, the scope of representation on the part of
the petitioner was enlarged to that before the
High Court as also any other matter arising out
of Crime No.63/2022, and the emoluments in
terms of the second notification were fixed as per
the Government Order bearing No.HD 4948
HCP.2/2009, dated 25.08.2020, and as such,
although the earlier emoluments fixed in the
notification dated 17.05.2022 were under a
different Government Order, the subsequent
notification overriding the earlier notification
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requires remuneration to be paid in terms of the
Government Order dated 25.08.2020.
5.2. The petitioner has conducted all the matters
assigned to him before the Magistrate Courts in
the Sessions Court at Hubballi, City Civil Sessions
Judge and Special Court for NIA cases at
Bengaluru, as also the High Court of Karnataka
both at the Principal Bench at Bengaluru and the
Dharwad Bench on several occasions, and
thereafter he tendered his resignation on
13.06.2023.
5.3. The bills which have been submitted have been
cleared only in respect of those pertaining to the
appearance before the High Court of Karnataka
at the Principal Bench and Dharwad Bench. The
bills raised as regards appearance before the
District Court at Hubballi, Additional City Civil
and Sessions Judge, Special Court for NIA cases
have not been cleared.
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5.4. In that background, the petitioner had sent a
reminder on 07.08.2024. A further request was
made on 14.08.2024. Though the payments
towards the bills raised for appearance before
the High Court of Karnataka Principal Bench and
Dharwad Bench had already been made, the
respondents once again paid the said amount.
Noticing the mistake on the part of the
respondents, the petitioner immediately informed
the respondents about the same and returned
the amounts by cheque bearing No.000030,
dated 27.08.2024, and requested the
respondents to make payment of the other bills,
that is, Bill No.1 and 2, relating to the
appearances before other Courts.
5.5. No action having been taken, another reminder
was issued on 12.12.2024. The petitioner has
been following up with the respondents for
payment, which has not been made. M. L. Vanti
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submits that a direction be issued to the
respondents to make payment of the amounts as
per Bill Nos . 1 and 2.
6. Sri.Sharad Magadum, learned AGA, submits that:
6.1. There is a distinction between the notification at
Annexure-A and Annexure-B, inasmuch as the
notification at Annexure-A relates to the
proceedings arising out of Crime No.63/2022, as
regards which the emoluments have to be paid
as per the Government Order dated 22.12.2020.
It is only in regard to the appearance before the
High Court of Karnataka at Principal Bench and
the Dharwad Bench under the second notification
that the Government Order dated 25.08.2020 is
applicable. As such, the respondents are willing
to make payment on Bills No. 1 and 2 in
accordance with the notification at Annexure-A
and the Government Order dated 22.12.2020,
rather than the Government Order dated
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25.08.2020. Therefore, given four weeks' time,
the said bills will be processed in that manner.
6.2. His further submission is that the petition having
been filed virtually for recovery of money, the
petitioner ought to have approached the court of
appropriate jurisdiction for such recovery, and a
direction by way of mandamus cannot be issued
in the present matter.
7. Heard Sri.M.L.Vanti, learned counsel for the petitioner
and Sri.Sharad Magdum, learned AGA for the State.
Perused the papers.
8. The points that would arise for determination in the
present matter are:
i. Whether the writ petition is
maintainable for the reliefs sought?
ii. Whether the notification at Annexure-
B would override the notification at
Annexure-A, or, are they required to
be treated separately?
iii. What order?
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9. I answer the above points as under:
10. Answer to point No.(i): Whether the writ petition
is maintainable for the reliefs sought?
10.1. Though the learned AGA seeks to contend that
the writ petition is not maintainable and a
recovery suit has to be filed, I am unable to
agree with the said submission.
10.2. A notification having been issued for appointment
of the petitioner to appear before various courts,
as regards which emoluments have been agreed
to be paid as per the applicable government
orders, I am of the considered opinion that,
firstly, the respondents being state authorities,
secondly, the aspect involved in the present
matter relating to discharge of public duties
inasmuch as the petitioner was engaged as a
Special Public Prosecutor to defend the State in
the Hubballi Riots Case, which is of seminal
importance, the action of both appointment and
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the discharge of functions by the petitioner are in
the nature of discharge of public duties, and any
action or inaction in relation thereto would be
amenable for writ jurisdiction.
10.3. Though the claim may be one for money, as
regards the bills which have been raised by the
petitioner, the petitioner has represented the
State before the various courts as a Special
Public Prosecutor. In that background, I am of
the opinion that the petitioner, also acting as an
officer of the Court, the respondents were duty
bound to make payment of the due amounts as
agreed upon.
10.4. Thus, insofar as the Advocate General. Additional
Advocate Generals. Special Public Prosecutors,
Additional Public Prosecutors, Government
Advocates, or High Court Government Pleaders
are concerned, I am of the opinion that, they
representing the State, any claim made by them
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against the State or a department of the State,
could be considered by this Court while
exercising writ jurisdiction under Article 226 of
the Constitution of India.
11. Answer to point No.(ii) Whether the notification
at Annexure-B would override the notification at
Annexure-A, or, are they required to be treated
separately?
11.1. The notifications at Annexure-A and Annexure-B
have been reproduced hereinabove. The
notification at Annexure-A is dated 17.05.2022.
The notification of Annexure-B is a subsequent
one dated 03.06.2022. The earlier notification at
Annexure-A related to the proceedings arising
out of Crime No.63/2022, whereas under
notification at Annexure-B, the scope has been
enlarged for conducting Criminal Petition
Nos.101469/2022 - 101480/2022, and any case
arising out of Crime Nos.63/2022 - 74/2022
registered by the Old Hubballi Police Station.
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11.2. The notification at Annexure-B being ex facie
subsequent, in my considered opinion, the said
notification would, by its very nature and
contents, supersede the earlier notification at
Annexure-A dated 17.05.2022. The artificial
distinction sought to be made out by the learned
Government Advocate that both Annexure-A and
Annexure-B would continue to apply, since
Annexure-A relates to cases arising out of Crime
No.63/2022, whereas the notification of
Annexure-B relates to the proceedings before the
High Court of Karnataka, Dharwad Bench, cannot
be accepted. Inasmuch as under both the
notifications, it is categorically indicated that the
petitioner has been appointed as a Special Public
Prosecutor to conduct cases arising out of Crime
Nos . 63/2022 - 74/2022.
11.3. A crime number by itself is not a case. A crime
number is registered in furtherance of an FIR by
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the jurisdictional police station, and in this case,
the Old Hubballi Police Station, Hubballi. It is
thereafter that the proceedings are taken up
before the Magistrate or the Sessions Court, as
the case may be, and there may be proceedings
arising out of the said crime number before the
High Court for bail, quashing, appeal, revision, or
the like.
11.4. Thus, though the earlier notification was relating
to cases arising out of Crime No.63/2022,
subsequently the Government of Karnataka,
taking into account the gravity of the matter, as
also the need for appointing one Special Public
Prosecutor in all matters, had issued the
notification at Annexure-B dated 03.06.2022.
11.5. In that view of the matter, I am of the
categorical opinion that the notification at
Annexure-B dated 03.06.2022 supersedes the
notification at Annexure-A dated 17.05.2022.
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11.6. One other aspect that is required to be looked
into is that, in terms of Annexure-A, the
emoluments were required to be paid as per the
Government Order dated 22.12.2020, and in
terms of Annexure-B, emoluments are required
to be paid as per the Government Order dated
25.08.2020. That is, the Government Order
dated 25.08.2020 was in existence prior to the
Government Order dated 22.12.2020 found
reference in Annexure-A dated 17.05.2022. It is
not that the Government Order dated
25.08.2020 is subsequent to the notification
dated 17.05.2022. The said Government Order
was always in existence.
11.7. Thus, when Annexure-A was issued, it is
apparent that Respondent No.2 thought it fit to
apply the Government Order dated 22.12.2020
to such appointment, but when the notification at
Annexure-B was issued, Respondent No.4
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consciously applied the Government Order dated
25.08.2020 to all the appearances of the
petitioner relating to cases arising out of Crime
No.63/2022.
11.8. Thus, ex-facie it is evident that there is a choice
made by Respondent No.4 to apply the
Government Order dated 25.08.2020, instead of
the Government Order dated 22.12.2020, to any
action taken by the petitioner as a Special Public
Prosecutor and the bills raised in relation thereto
post the second notification at Annexure-B dated
03.06.2022.
11.9. The reason for the same is also not far to see,
inasmuch as initially, when Crime No.63/2022
was registered, it could mean that the
prosecution would have to take place before the
Magistrate or the Sessions Court at Hubballi,
whereas, once the subsequent proceedings had
been initiated and the second notification
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covered any cases relating to Crime Nos.63/2022
- 74/2022, it required the petitioner as a Special
Public Prosecutor to appear before the High Court
of Karnataka, Principal Bench, Dharwad Bench,
before the Courts at Bengaluru, the Special
Courts, etc., which would require a considerable
amount of time to be spent by the petitioner on
travel, thereby leading to the petitioner losing
out on other matters during that travel.
11.10. Therefore, I am of the categorical opinion that
the second notification at Annexure-B dated
03.06.2022, having been issued after considering
all aspects and making the Government Order
dated 25.08.2020 applicable, any bills raised by
the petitioner post 03.06.2022 would have to be
in terms of the Government Order dated
25.08.2020 and processed by the respondents
accordingly.
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11.11. The conduct of the petitioner is also blemishless,
inasmuch as, there being double payment for bill
Nos.3 and 4, the petitioner, though could have
adjusted the double payment towards bill Nos.1
and 2 which are still pending, knowing about the
process of approval and disbursal of payments by
governmental authorities and the accounting
made by them, had returned back the double
payment in the fond hope of bill Nos.1 and 2
being cleared. However, shockingly, this was not
the case, and the respondents have taken a
stand which does not conform to the notification
at Annexure-B.
11.12. In that view of the matter, I answer point No.(ii)
by holding that the notification at Annexure-B
supersedes Annexure-A, and as such, any bills
raised post 03.06.2022 would have to be paid in
terms of the Government Order dated
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25.08.2020, which includes the unpaid bill Nos .
1 and 2.
12. General directions.
12.1. The actions on the part of Advocate General.
Additional Advocate Generals. Special Public
Prosecutors, Additional Public Prosecutors,
Government Advocates, or High Court
Government Pleaders, etc., are very important in
the discharge of judicial functions and for a
proper running of the justice system, in which
these officers appointed by the Government to
represent the Government play a very important
role.
12.2. Any bills which are raised by them would be
required to be paid at the earliest so that
competent and able persons could take up such
appointments. In the present case, the bills of
the petitioner, which have been raised way back
on 16.11.2023, have remained unpaid.
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12.3. Insofar as a private practitioner is concerned, if
the bills of a private practitioner are not paid, the
private practitioner could return the file and
refuse to continue to appear in the matter, as
also retain a lien on account of such non-
payment. Such an option is not available to an
advocate appointed by the Government.
12.4. This matter was adjourned on multiple occasions
to enable the learned Additional Government
Advocate to produce a comprehensive
statement detailing the process, procedure,
and guidelines presently followed for:
12.4.1. Allocation and nomination of matters to
Government Advocates and Public
Prosecutors;
12.4.2. Raising of bills for appearances and upon
disposal of matters;
12.4.3. Scrutiny, verification, and approval of bills;
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12.4.4. Processing and sanction of payments to the
concerned stakeholders.
12.5. Despite repeated opportunities, only truncated
and incomplete details have been furnished.
Upon examination of these documents and
submissions made, this Court observes as
follows:
12.5.1. The existing system is entirely manual,
lacking any centralised or automated
workflow;
12.5.2. There are unnecessary delays at each
stage of allocation, scrutiny, and payment
processing;
12.5.3. There is no unified digital record of
disposed matters handled by each
stakeholder, impeding policy decision-
making and filing of appeals;
12.5.4. There is no automated validation or
calculation of amounts payable, leading to
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inconsistencies, disputes and litigation
before this court;
12.5.5. There is no outer time limit fixed for
processing and payment of bills which
results in undue delay.
12.5.6. Lack of integration between the current
manual system and the Case and Court
Management System (CCMS) results in
duplication of work and loss of
transparency.
12.6. These systemic shortcomings have directly
contributed to the present dispute, as also
persistent delay in processing and payments of
all the other law officers indicated supra, and
have the potential to erode efficiency and public
confidence in the justice delivery mechanism.
12.7. In order to remedy these deficiencies and
modernise the administrative processes, it is
hereby directed that the Principal Secretary
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(Law), in close coordination with the Principal
Secretary, Department of E-Governance,
Principal Secretary Finance and the heads of such
other departments as are connected with the
present matter shall design, develop, and fully
implement a secure, role-based, workflow-
driven application.
12.8. In this regard an "e-Office" to be implemented
and all stakeholders to be onboarded, the e-
office would also have to be integrated with
CCMS.
12.9. The platform shall mandatorily onboard all the
following categories of stakeholders:
12.9.1. Law Secretariat Officers (administrative and
decision-making wings);
12.9.2. Advocate General's Office, including
administrative, accounts, and liaison
sections;
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12.9.3. Additional Advocate Generals and their
offices;
12.9.4. Government Advocates and Additional
Government Advocates;
12.9.5. High Court Government Pleaders and
Assistant Government Pleaders;
12.9.6. Special Public Prosecutors, Additional Public
Prosecutors, and Assistant Public
Prosecutors;
12.9.7. Advocates appointed for specialised subject
areas or cases by the Government;
12.9.8. Concerned Officers of the Finance
Department.
12.9.9. Any other functionary involved from
allocation to final disbursement of
payments.
12.10. Apart from the general features of e-office,
following customisations to be effected either as
part of e-office or as an independent system. The
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customisation shall not be a mere document
management solution but a comprehensive
digital platform capable of end-to-end
automation of the entire lifecycle, from allocation
of matters to final payment and record-keeping
with date and time stamps and where necessary
QR codes.
12.11. The e-Office platform shall be designed with
mandatory features to ensure transparency,
accountability, and real-time monitoring. These
shall include:
12.12. Allocation and Nomination:
12.12.1. Automated and auditable allocation of cases
based on workload, expertise, and conflict
checks;
12.12.2. Electronic issuance of authorisations for
representation;
12.13. Bill Raising and Digital Submission:
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12.13.1. Online submission of invoices for
appearance and disposal fees;
12.13.2. Standardised digital bill formats with
automated pre-check validations with
Cause lists and order sheets;
12.14. Scrutiny and Approval Workflow:
12.14.1. with time-stamped approvals and automatic
escalation for delays;
12.14.2. Real-time dashboards showing bills pending
at each scrutiny level;
12.14.3. Multi-level digital scrutiny of bills
12.15. Payments and Settlement:
12.15.1. End-to-end tracking of payment approvals
and fund release;
12.15.2. Integration with treasury systems for direct,
timely disbursement;
12.16. Data and Records Management:
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12.16.1. Centralised repository of all matters
handled, searchable by advocate, case
type, and status;
12.16.2. Digital reports for policy planning and
consideration of appeals;
12.17. Automation Tools:
12.17.1. Built-in digital calculator for automatic
computation of payable amounts;
12.17.2. AI-based anomaly detection to flag
duplicate or excessive billing;
12.18. Notifications and Communication:
12.18.1. SMS/email/app notifications for bill status
updates and compliance reminders;
12.18.2. Secure messaging channel between
stakeholders and administrative officers;
12.19. Integration with CCMS:
12.19.1. Automated fetching of final
orders/judgments in each matter;
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12.19.2. Synchronisation of disposed matter records
for appeal considerations.
12.20. To ensure structured development and avoid
disruption, implementation shall follow these
phased timelines:
12.21. Phase I - Process Mapping and
Requirements Gathering (4 weeks):
12.21.1. Document existing processes;
12.21.2. identify gaps and redundancies;
12.21.3. Finalise system specifications and or
Functional requirements.
12.22. Phase II - System Design and Development
(8 weeks):
12.22.1. Develop prototype modules for allocation,
billing, scrutiny, and payments;
12.22.2. Security hardening and role-based access
controls.
12.23. Phase III - Pilot Testing (8 weeks):
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12.23.1. Limited deployment with select Government
Advocates and support staff;
12.23.2. User acceptance testing and feedback
refinement.
12.24. Phase IV - Statewide Rollout (12 weeks):
12.24.1. Gradual onboarding of all stakeholders;
12.24.2. Migration of manual records into the
system;
12.24.3. Mandatory use of the platform for all new
matters.
12.25. Phase V - Full Integration and Advanced
Analytics (16 weeks):
12.25.1. Integration with CCMS and State Treasury
systems;
12.25.2. Implementation of advanced analytics and
audit dashboards.
12.26. A High-Level Steering Committee shall be
constituted within two (2) weeks, chaired by
the Principal Secretary (Law) and comprising:
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12.26.1. Principal Secretary, E-Governance
Department;
12.26.2. A nominee of the Law Department
12.26.3. A nominee of the Finance Department
12.26.4. Advocate General or nominee;
12.26.5. One Senior Government Advocate
12.26.6. One Senior Prosecutor
12.26.7. IT expert.
12.26.8. Such other persons that the Principal
Secretaries and Learned Advocate General
deem necessary to be included.
12.27. The Steering Committee shall:
12.27.1. Meet fortnightly to review progress and
remove bottlenecks;
12.27.2. Approve design specifications and vendor
selection;
12.27.3. Ensure cybersecurity and data protection
compliance;
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12.27.4. File bi-monthly status reports before this
Court indicating milestone achievements
and any delays.
12.28. Until the full e-Office customisation is deployed,
all stakeholders shall digitally upload bills and
supporting documents to a secure, interim
repository managed by the Law Department.
12.29. No bill shall remain unprocessed for more than
30 days, and delays shall be automatically
flagged in the repository for review by the
Steering Committee.
12.30. A comprehensive Standard Operating
Procedure (SOP) shall be drafted and filed
before this Court within four (4) weeks,
covering:
12.30.1. Workflow steps and timelines for each stage
(allocation to payment);
12.30.2. Responsibilities of each stakeholder;
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12.30.3. Data entry, validation, and audit
mechanisms;
12.30.4. Escalation matrix for delayed actions;
12.30.5. Protocols for handling disputes and appeals
in billing matters;
12.30.6. Cybersecurity measures for data integrity
and privacy.
12.31. The platform shall maintain a tamper-proof
audit trail for every action taken.
12.32. An independent third-party audit shall be
commissioned annually to review system
integrity, billing accuracy, and compliance with
SOP timelines.
12.33. The Principal Secretary (Law) shall personally
supervise the execution of these directions.
13. In the above circumstances, I pass the following:
ORDER
i. Writ petition is allowed.
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ii. A mandamus is issued, directing the respondents to
make payment of the bills Nos.1 and 2 in terms of
the notification dated 03.06.2022, and the
Government Order dated 25.08.2020, within a
period of four weeks from the date of receipt of a
copy of this order.
iii. Though the above matter is disposed of, re-list on
24.09.2025 to report compliance with the General
Directions.
Sd/-
(SURAJ GOVINDARAJ) JUDGE
gab/CT-ASC
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