Citation : 2023 Latest Caselaw 7764 Kant
Judgement Date : 17 November, 2023
1
IN THE HIGH COURT OF KARNATAKA AT BENGALURU
DATED THIS THE 17TH DAY OF NOVEMBER, 2023
BEFORE
THE HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE K. NATARAJAN
REGULAR FIRST APPEAL NO.1327 OF 2021
C/W
REGULAR FIRST APPEAL NO.1325 OF 2021
IN REGULAR FIRST APPEAL NO.1327 OF 2021
BETWEEN:
1 . SRI RAGHURAMA REDDY
S/O LATE NANJUNDAPPA
AGED ABOUT 69 YEARS,
2 . SRI BABU
S/O LATE NANJUNDAPPA
AGED ABOUT 63 YEARS,
BOTH ARE RESIDENTS OF NO.380,
REDDY COLONY,
YAMALUR MAIN ROAD,
YAMALURU VILLAGE,
AND POST
BENGALURU-560037
... APPELLANTS
(BY SRI VIJAY A M, ADV.)
AND:
1 . SMT ROHINI S NAIR
W/O P RAVINDRAN
AGED ABOUT 65 YEARS,
2
2 . SRI P SADASHIVAN
S/O LATE GOPALAN NAIR
AGED ABOUT 70 YEARS,
RESIDENT OF SAMRAT NO.803
2ND D CROSS, 8TH MAIN,
HRBR LAYOUT,
2ND BLOCK
BENGALURU-560043
3 . SRI HANUMAPPA
S/O LATE NANJUNDAPPA
... RESPONDENTS
(BY SRI RAVI JAGAN, ADVOCATE)
THIS REGULAR FIRST APPEAL IS FILED UNDER
ORDER XLI RULE 1 R/W SECTION 96 OF CPC AGAINST THE
JUDGMENT AND DECREE DATED 12.03.2021 PASSED IN
OS No.787/2014 ON THE FILE OF THE VII ADDITIONAL
CITY CIVIL AND SESSIONS JUDGE, BENGALURU,
DECREEING THE SUIT FOR PERMANENT INJUNCTION.
IN REGULAR FIRST APPEAL NO.1325 OF 2021
BETWEEN:
1 . SRI RAGHURAMA REDDY
S/O LATE NANJUNDAPPA
AGED ABOUT 69 YEARS,
2 . SRI BABU
S/O LATE NANJUNDAPPA
AGED ABOUT 63 YEARS,
BOTH ARE RESIDENTS OF NO.380,
REDDY COLONY,
YAMALUR MAIN ROAD,
3
YAMALURU VILLAGE,
AND POST
BENGALURU - 560 037
... APPELLANTS
(BY SRI VIJAY A M, ADV.)
AND:
1. SMT NISHA RAVINDRAN
W/O SRI P RAVINDRAN
AGED ABOUT 53 YEARS,
RESIDENT OF NO.24,
HOMESTEAD
ROAD ORPINGTON KENT UNITED KINGDOM BR 6
6HW
REPRESENTED BY HER OF POWER ATTORNEY
HOLDER SRI P SADASHIVAN S/O LATE GOPALN
NAIR AGED ABOUT 70 YEARS,
RESIDENT OF SAMRAT NO.803, 2ND D CROSS, 8TH
MAIN,
HRBR LAYOUT,
2ND BLOCK
BENGALURU-560043
2. SRI HANUMAPPA
S/O LATE NANJUNDAPPA
... RESPONDENTS
(BY SRI RAVI JAGAN, ADVOCATE)
THIS REGULAR FIRST APPEAL IS FILED UNDER
ORDER XLI RULE 1 R/W SECTION 96 OF CPC AGAINST THE
JUDGMENT AND DECREE DATED 12.03.2021 PASSED IN
OS No.5294/2014 ON THE FILE OF THE VII ADDITIONAL
CITY CIVIL AND SESSIONS JUDGE, BENGALURU,
DECREEING THE SUIT FOR PERMANENT INJUNCTION.
4
THESE REGULAR FIRST APPEALS HAVING BEEN
HEARD AND RESERVED FOR JUDGMENT ON 5.9.2023 THIS
DAY, THE COURT PRONOUNCED THE FOLLOWING:
JUDGMENT
RFA No.1325/2021 is filed by the defendant
Nos.2 and 3 under Section 96 of CPC for setting aside
the judgment and decree passed by the VII Additional
City Civil Judge, Bengaluru in O.S.No.5294/2014
dated 12.03.2021 for having decreed the suit of the
respondent No.1/plaintiff.
2. RFA No.1327/2021 also is filed by the same
defendant Nos.2 and 3 under Section 96 of CPC for
setting aside the judgment and decree passed by the
same court in O.S.No.787/2014 dated 12.3.2021 for
having decreed the suit of the respondent
No.1/plaintiff.
3. Heard the arguments of learned counsel for
appellants and respondents.
4. The appellants in both appeals are defendant
Nos.2 and 3 and respondent No.1 in both these
appeals was the plaintiff before the Trial Court.
Hence, the rank of the parties are retained for the
sake of convenience.
5. Though the plaintiff filed separate suits, but
the defendants are one and the same and with
consent of both parties, both the appeals are taken
together for common disposal.
6. The case of he plaintiff in O.S.No.5294/2014
(challenged in RFA No.1325/2021) is that the plaintiff
represented by the GPA holder, the father of the
plaintiff, it is alleged that the plaintiff filed suit for
permanent injunction against the defendants,
contending that the plaintiff is the sole and absolute
owner of the property measuring 6 guntas, which is a
portion of land bearing Sy.No.61/2, Revenue Khatha
No.154 situated at Horamavu-Agara village,
K.R.Puram Hobli, which was acquired under the sale
deed dated 7.9.1996 ("hereinafter referred as suit
schedule property"). The khatha extract, RTC, Pahani
for the year 2011 stands in her name. The plaintiff
has been paying taxes regularly to the Village
panchayat, subsequently to the BBMP. The
defendants are utter strangers to the suit schedule
property, having no manner of any right, title or
interest over the property filed application before
Tahsildar and seeking cancellation of mutations in
Sy.No.61/1 and 61/2, Horamavu AGara village, KR.R.
Puram Hobli, Bengaluru, East taluk. The Tahsildar
dismissed the application of the defendants and the
plaintiff had no knowledge of the same.
Subsequently, the defendant filed R.A.No.644/2007-
08 which also came to be dismissed and they have
filed the Revision Petition No.340/2011-12 before the
Deputy Commissioner and the Deputy Commissioner
allowed the writ petition, which was also not in the
knowledge of the plaintiff. The plaintiff is residing at
United Kingdom(U.K) along with her children and
they came to know only from the power of attorney
holder. Hence, filed this suit.
7. The case of the plaintiff in OS.No.787/2014
(in respect of RFA No.1327/2021) is that the plaintiff
file suit for injunction against the defendants, alleging
that the plaintiffs are the joint and absolute owner of
the property bearing dry lands measuring in all 3¾
guntas lying in Sy.No.61/2, Revenue Khatha No.154
of Horamavu-Agara village, KR Puram Hobli,
Bangalore East (earlier south taluk). The property
was acquired under sale deed dated 08.04.1996
(hereinafter referred as suit schedule property). The
khatha, M.R.Extract No.5/1996-97, RTC, Pahani for
the year 2011-12 stands in the name of the plaintiff
and the plaintiff is paying taxes regularly, initially to
the Horamavu Village Panchayat and thereafter to
BBMP. From the date of purchase, they are in
possession. The defendants having no manner of
right, title or interest in the suit schedule property.
They are trying to interfere by way of filing an
application before the Tahsildar for canceling the
Mutations in Sy.No.61/1 and 61/2. They also filed
R.A.No.644/2007-08 before the Assistant
Commissioner, Bengaluru North Sub-Division and the
same was dismissed. In the revision
RP.No.340/2011-12 before the Deputy Commissioner
and the same was allowed, which was not within the
knowledge of the plaintiff. The plaintiff had also
approached the police for filing the complaint, but the
police directed to approach the civil court, hence filed
this suit.
8. The defendant appeared through their
counsel and filed written statement taking same
contention in both the suits as under.
9. It is contended that suit is not maintainable
the schedule property is non est property. There is no
6 guntas of land existing at any point of time in
Sy.No.61/2 and 61/1 suit and it was created and
manipulated documents. They have shown the wrong
boundaries. The said suit schedule property cannot be
identified. The entire land was 3 acres 16 guntas, the
sale deed was executed on 7.9.1996 fraudulently and
created mutations. The lands are still agricultural and
there is no conversion of land.
10. It is further contended that the land in
Sy.No.61/1 and 62/2 were previously numbered as
Sy.No.52 measuring 3 acres 16 guntas which was
vested with one Brahmin family possessed by one
Pattabhi Shastry of Ulsoor and after his demise his
children succeeded the said lands and thus 1/3rd share
of the land fallen to the share of his son Neelakanta
Shastry and it was sold by is wife Smt.Nanjamma
under sale deed dated 06.02.1895. Later, Sy.No.61
which was re-phoded and presently numbered as
Sy.No.61/1 and 61/2. The rectification deed of the
share purchase by above person and one Subbaraya
Shastry, Rama Shastry and Nanjunda Shastry who
had 2/3rd share have jointly sold in favour of
Sannappa and Devaiahnavara Muniyappa under the
registered sale deed dated 31.1.1898 with specific
boundaries, the land were in the joint names. They
are divided under oral partition and formed 1 acre and
28 guntas. Thereafter Sannappa sold 1 acre 28
guntas of southern portion of Sy.No.52 in favour of
one Jogappa S/o Kallubarada Muniyappa under sale
deed dated 13.3.1899. Later, Jogappa died and his
wife Smt.Bamma and son Munivenkatappa succeeded
the property and sold 1 acre and 28 guntas in favour
of Devaiah Channappa S/o Muniyappa under sale deed
dated 14.05.1927. The said Devaiah Muniyappa is
none other than the senior paternal uncle of Devaiah
Channappa Devaiahnavara Ramanna died leaving
behind Devaiah Channappa who become absolute
owner. He had two sons, Maluraiah and Devaiah.
During lifetime of Devaiah, the 2nd son of Channappa
was minor and they needed fund for family legal
necessities, approached Hanumappa @ Doddapillaiah
for loan and obtained Rs.500. Accordingly, he
executed registered mortgage deed on 31.03.1933.
They failed to redeem the mortgage even after 5
years, thereby the mortgagee Hanumappa became
absolute owner and the said mortgage deed was
treated as absolute sale deed as per its recitement.
11. It is further contended that Hanumappa who
is the grand father of defendant, had a son by name
Nanjundappa, who succeeded the property of his
father Hanumappa. After death of Nanjundappa, the
defendant succeeded the said lands in Sy.Nos.61/1
and 61/2 measuring 3 acres 16 guntas and later came
to know about the illegal alienations and creation of
legal revenue records. Hence, they challenged the
mutation entries before the Tahsildar, Assistant
Commissioner and later the Deputy Commissioner,
who allowed the revision in favour of the defendant.
There was a sanction of mutation in MRH No.27/2012-
13 which, depicts name of the defendant. Later, the
alleged purchaser approached the High Court in writ
petition against the order of the Deputy Commissioner
and High Court directed the Deputy Commissioner to
pass necessary orders by allowing the said writ
petition. The names of the defendants are still
showing in the RTCs. The defendant are in possession
of the property in question. Therefore, claim of the
plaintiff for purchasing the property under sale deed
07.09.1996 executed from Chikkamuniyappa does not
arises at all. As per sections 48, 7 read with 54 of
Transfer of Property Act (hereinafter referred to as 'TP
Act'), when a person do not possess any right, title or
interest over the property then question of
transferring the right in favour of the plaintiff does not
arises. If a Court Commissioner is appointed the true
fact will depict. Hence prayed for dismissing the suit.
12. The defendants also denied the sale deed in
favour of the plaintiff Nos.1 and 2, in respect of 3/4th
guntas of land contending that the sale deed of
plaintiff dated 7.9.1996 in favour of the plaintiff does
not arise at all. Hence prayed for dismissing the suit.
13. Based upon the pleadings, the Trial Court
framed the following issues in O.S.No.5294/2014,
1) Whether the plaintiff proves that she is in peaceful possession and enjoyment of suit schedule property?
2) Whether the plaintiff proves that
the defendants have interfered with
her peaceful possession and
enjoyment of suit schedule
property?
3) Whether the plaintiff is entitled for relief of permanent injunction?
4) What order or decree?
14. The GPA holder of plaintiff in OS.NO.5294/2014 examined a PW1 and he got
marked 5 documents and defendant No.2 examined as
DW1 and got marked 22 documents. After hearing
the arguments the Trial Court answered the issue
Nos.1 to 3 in favour of the plaintiff and decreed the
suit, which is under challenge.
15. The Trial Court framed 3 issues in
O.S.No.787/2014 as below,
1) Whether the plaintiffs are in lawful possession and enjoyment of the suit property?
2) Whether the plaintiffs prove the interference of the defendants is true?
3) What order or decree?
16. In O.S.No.787/2014 the plaintiff No.2
Sadashivan examined as PW1 and got marked 9
documents and defendant No.2 examined as DW1 and
got marked 22 documents . The defendants marked
documents are one and the same in both cases.
17. The plaintiffs also are one and same family
and represented by Sadashivan himself in
OS.NO.784/2014 and GPA holder in
O.S.No.1594/2014.
18. The Trial Court after hearing the arguments
answered the issues in favour of the plaintiffs and
decreed the suit on the same day both these appeals
are filed by the defendants Nos.2 and 3 as first
defendant died during the pendency of the suit.
19. The learned counsel for the appellants-
defendants, in both cases, strenuously contended that
the judgment and decree passed by the trial Court is
not sustainable. The defendants are in possession of
the suit schedule property. By taking advantage of
the names appeared in mutation entry, both the sale
deeds were created and executed in favour of the
plaintiff in the year 1996. Even after the sale deed,
there are documents produced to show for having paid
taxes to BBMP, there is no khatha in the name of
plaintiff. The RTC extracts, mutation were all
pertaining to the year 1996. The suits were decreed
only based upon possession on the ground that 13
suits were pending. The judgment of the trial Court
holding that the plaintiff is in possession of the suit
schedule property by way of sale deed, is not correct.
The learned counsel further contended that the
ancestors of the defendants got the property in the
year 1933 itself by way of mortgage. If the mortgage
is not redeemed even after five years, it becomes
absolute sale deed and thereby, the defendants are
the successors of the suit schedule property. The
Deputy Commissioner's order reveals that it was in
favour of the defendants. The plaintiff did not
challenge the order of the Deputy Commissioner, but
some other persons/site owners challenged the same.
Therefore, the plaintiff is not entitled for any decree.
The plaintiff cannot take the weakness of the
defendants. There is no tax paid receipts produced
by the plaintiff. Ex.D.5 is the mortgage deed, which is
a crucial document in favour of defendants.
Therefore, it is contended that the plaintiff has failed
to prove the lawful possession over the suit schedule
property. Therefore, prayed for allowing the appeals
and dismissing the suits.
20. Per contra, learned counsel for respondent-
plaintiff has supported the judgment of the trial Court.
It is contended that, in the writ petition, the High
Court set aside the order of the Deputy commissioner
and restored the mutation entries in favour of the
vendors of the plaintiff and the plaintiff's name in the
RTC. Once the sale deed is executed, the plaintiff
becomes the owner of the property. As per Section
54 of the TP Act, the sale deed was executed and it
was registered. There is no document to show that
the mortgage was redeemed. The mortgage deed was
90 years old. If the mortgage was redeemed, the
question of taking the contention that the defendants
become the owner of the property does not arise. The
defendants required to file a suit for foreclosure of the
mortgage, which was not done. The defendants have
not produced any document to show that they were
having better title than the plaintiff for purchasing the
property under the sale deeds. It is also contended
that if at all the defendants are the owners of the suit
schedule property, the tax paid receipts are not
produced from 1933-2012. Therefore, the claim of
the defendants is false and hence, prayed for
dismissing the appeals.
21. Having heard the arguments of learned
counsel for the parties, perused the records.
22. The points that arise for consideration are:
(i) Whether the plaintiff has proved that they are in lawful possession and enjoyment of the suit schedule properties and the defendants are trying to interfere in the possession as claimed in both suits ?
(ii) Whether the judgment and decree passed by the trial Court call for interference by this Court.
23. On perusal of the records, especially the
evidence of P.W.1 in both cases, the plaintiff claims
the right over the suit schedule property in respect of
33/4 guntas in Sy. No.61/2 and 6 guntas, a portion of
land in Sy. No.61/2 respectively. P.W.1, as GPA
holder of plaintiff in O.S. No.5294/2014 and the
plaintiff in O.S.No.787/2014 filed affidavit in lieu of
evidence and he got marked the sale deeds dated
7.9.1996 as per Ex.P.2 in O.S. No.5294/2O14 and
Ex.P.1-sale deed dated 08.04.1996 in O.S
No.787/2014 and the remaining documents such as
mutation register, Revenue record, tax paid receipts
were all also got marked. It is the categorical
contention of the plaintiff that plaintiff purchased the
property on 7.9.1996 and 8.4.1996 from one
Chikkamuniyappa, Nagaraja, Papanna, Suresh,
Madesh, Akkayymma and Siddamma. In both the sale
deeds, the recital available is that the property in Sy.
No.61/2 belonged to one Sonnappa and later,
Sonnpapa and his wife expired. Then their daughter
Munilakshmamma also expired. One Chikkappa, the
brother of Sonnappa got the land who is having two
sons namely, Dodda Muniyappa and Chikka
Muniyappa. As per the entry No.8/94-1995 dated
29.04.1995, Chikka Muniyappa becomes the owner of
the property, he paid up-to-date taxes and sold the
property to the plaintiff. The sale deeds produced by
plaintiff in both cases were not disputed by the
defendants.
24. On the other hand, the case of the
defendants is that the property was originally
belonged to a Brahmin family i.e., Sri Pattabhi Shastry
and after his demise, his children succeeded to the
property and thus, 1/3rd share of the property had
been fallen to Neelakanta Shastry, who sold the said
property and it was purchased on 01.08.1895 from
one Nanjamma. Subsequently, Subbaraya Shastry,
Rama Shastry and Nanjunda Shastry sold their 2/3rd
share in the property in Sy. No.52 under registered
sale deed 31.01.1898 in favour of Sannappa and
Devaiahnavara Muniyappa. There was oral partition in
respect of 1 acre 28 guntas in southern portion of Sy.
No.52. Thereafter, the said Sannappa sold southern
portion to one Jogappa on 13.03.1899 and the said
Jogappa died leaving behind his wife Byamma and a
son Munivenkappa. Byamma and Munivenkappa sold
the extent of 1 acre 28 guntas in favour of one
Devaiah Channappa on 14.05.1927. Devaiahnavara
Muniyappa was the senior paternal uncle of
Devaiahnavara Channappa. The said Devaiahnavara
Muniyappa and Devaiahnavara Ramanna died leaving
behind Devaiahnavara Channappa. Thus, Channappa
became the absolute owner after death of the
Devayanavar Ramanna. Channappa had two children,
namely, Malurayya and Devaiah. When the said
Devaiah was minor, his father Channappa, executed
mortgage in favour of Hanumappa @ Doddapillaiah on
31.03.1933 for five years. The said mortgage was not
redeemed even after five years, hence, Hanumappa
became the absolute owner. The said Hanumappa
was the grand father of defendants. Hanumappa had a
son by name Nanjundappa, who succeeded the
property and later, the defendants continued to be in
possession of the property. The defendants challenged
the RTC entries before the Tahsildar as well as before
the Assistant Commissioner in R.A. No.644/2007-08,
which was dismissed, but the Deputy Commissioner
allowed the revision petition in R.P. No.340/2011-12,
which was challenged by the some other persons
before this Court in various writ petitions and this
Court set aside the order of the Deputy Commissioner
in the writ petition.
25. Defendant No.2 was examined as D.W.1
and he got marked 22 documents in both cases, the
copy of mutation entry, RTC extract were produced.
The copy of the sale deeds dated 06.02.1895,
31.01.1898 and 13.03.1899 were also produced and
those documents are not in dispute. However,
subsequently on 14.05.1927, Channappa and Devaiah
became owners. There was mortgage executed on
31.03.1933 in favour of Hanumappa, the grand father
of defendants. There was a condition in the deed that
if the mortgage was not redeemed even after five
years, Hanumappa, who is the grand father of the
defendants, becomes owner of the property in Sy.
Nos.61/1 and 61/2. The mortgage was not redeemed
and thereby, the defendants claimed the property
through the mortgage deed. During the cross
examination, D.W.1 admitted that there were various
sale deeds executed by Chikka Muniyappa and others.
Almost 13 suits are pending against the defendants.
It is not in dispute that there was mutation entry in
the names of the vendors of the plaintiff and also in
the revenue records. Subsequently, the entry in the
revenue records was challenged by the defendants
before the Tahsildar, which came to be dismissed.
Thereafter, they filed regular appeal which also came
to be dismissed. The copy of the order passed in R.A.
No.644/2007-08 is produced and marked as Ex.P.20.
The copy of the order passed in RP.No.340/2011-12
by the Deputy Commissioner is marked as Ex.D.18,
wherein the Deputy Commissioner allowed the
revision and set aide the order of the Tahsildar as well
as the Assistant Commissioner holding that
Hanumappa was the owner of the suit schedule
property. Admittedly, the Co-ordinate Bench of this
Court has set aside the order passed by the Deputy
Commissioner in W.P. No.11469/2014 (KLR-RR-SUR)
on 29.02.2016 and has held that if the respondents
claims right under a fraudulent sale deed, they have
to establish in the civil Court. On the other hand, the
respondent's counsel produced the order dated
07.01.2021 passed in Writ Petition No.33896/2014
wherein the Co-ordinate Bench has allowed the
petition based upon the order passed by the another
Co-ordinate Bench in W.P. No.11469/2014, which
reveals that the plaintiff has already filed the petition
and got set aside the order of the Deputy
Commissioner. Admittedly, the defendants have not
filed any suit against the plaintiff and other purchasers
by challenging the sale deeds and to set aside those
sale deeds and to declare them as owners. On the
other hand, under sale deed-Exs.P.1 and 2
respectively in both cases, the plaintiff has purchased
the suit schedule property in the year 1996 and the
plaintiff continues to be in possession of the suit
schedule property. The tax paid receipts are
produced. Of course, after falling of the property
under BBMP, no taxes were paid by the plaintiff.
However, in a suit for bare injunction, the plaintiff
required to prove the lawful possession under the sale
deed and interference of the defendants. The validity
of the sale deeds cannot be looked into in the suit for
bare injunction. As per Section 54 of the TP Act,
when the sale deeds are produced for having
purchased the property, which was registered sale
deed, the plaintiff becomes the owner. If at all, the
defendants claim title over the property, they could
have filed a suit for declaration to declare their title.
Admittedly, they have not filed any suit. Merely
producing the mortgage deed claming right through
the mortgage deed is not acceptable. There is no
evidence from the defendants' side, as to whether the
mortgage is redeemed or not. The mortgage deed is
pertaining to the year 1933. No document is obtained
from the Sub-Registrar office to prove the contention
that the mortgage is not redeemed. There no suit filed
by the defendants for foreclosure of the mortgage in
accordance with law. Therefore, merely claiming right
over the property under mortgage deed is not enough
until the defendants establish their rights in the
competent Court of law.
26. That apart, there are 13 suits filed by
various persons against defendants which reveals that
there were various sale deeds executed by the
vendors who are owners of the property and one of
the suit in O.S. No.786/2014 has been decreed and
marked as Ex.D.22, which reveals that as many as 13
suits are filed against defendants. In all the suits, the
defendants have taken the similar contention and
trying to interfere with the suit schedule property.
Therefore, the contention of the appellants' counsel
that there is cloud over the plaintiffs' property, is not
acceptable. If at all, the defendants claim right over
the property, they have to establish in a suit filed
against the plaintiff and original owners. Therefore, I
hold that the plaintiffs are successful in proving that
they are in lawful possession and enjoyment of the
suit schedule property. On the other hand, the
defendants are trying to interfere with the possession
over the suit schedule property. Hence, the suit for
injunction against the defendants is maintainable.
Hence, I answer point No.1 in the affirmative.
27. In view of the above said observation, the
trial Court, on considering the evidence on record, has
rightly decreed the suit, which does not call for
interference. Though the appellants' counsel contends
that the plaintiff is required to file a suit for
declaration and injunction, but, in view of judgment of
the Hon'ble Supreme Court in the case of ANATHULA
SUDHAKAR Vs. P.BUCHI REDDY (DEAD) BY L.RS
AND OTHERS reported in 2008 AIR SCW 2692, the
said contention of the learned counsel for the
appellants, is not acceptable to the present case on
hand. Hence, the judgment and decree passed by the
trial Court do not call for interference. Hence, I
answer point No.2 in the negative.
28. For the foregoing reasons, both the appeals
are liable to be dismissed. Accordingly, the appeals
filed by the appellants-defendants are hereby
dismissed.
Pending I.As., if any, stand disposed of.
SD/-
JUDGE
AKV/CS ct-SK
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