Sheo Nandan Mahto vs Bikash Mahto
2025 Latest Caselaw 7790 Jhar

Jharkhand High Court

Sheo Nandan Mahto vs Bikash Mahto on 16 December, 2025

Author: Gautam Kumar Choudhary

Bench: Gautam Kumar Choudhary

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IN THE HIGH COURT OF JHARKHAND AT RANCHI
                        C.M.P. No. 886 of 2025
                               ------

1. Sheo Nandan Mahto, son of Late Sufal Mahto

2. Gopal Mahto, son of Late Sufal Mahto

3. Sahodari Devi, wife of Late Jiwan Mahto

4. Pradeep Mahto, son of Late Jiwan Mahto Sl. 1 to 4 are resident of Village and P.Ο. Durgapur, P.S.-Kasmar, District- Bokaro

5. Gita Devi, daughter of Late Jiwan Mahto, resident of Village & P.O. Manjura, P.S- Kasmar, District -Bokaro

6. Sarita Devi, daughter of Late Jiwan Mahto, resident of Village-Pupanki, P.O.& P.S.- Chas, District- Bokaro

7. Pushpa Devi, wife of Kapileshwar Mahto and daughter of Late Jiwan Mahto, resident of Village & P.O.- Manjura, P.S. Kasmar, District Bokaro

8. Chaman Ram Mahto, son of Late Jiwan Mahto

9. Shanti Devi, wife of Late Bhuneshwar Mahto Sl. Nos.8 and 9 are resident of Vilage & P.O. Durgapur, P.S. Kasmar, District Bokaro

10. Monika Devi, daughter of Late Bhuneshwar Mahto and wife of Gobardhan Mahto, resident of Village & P.O.- Manjura, P.S.- Kasmar, District- Bokaro

11. Munni Devi, daughter of Late Bhuneshwar Mahto and wife of Birendra Kumar Mahto, aged about 33 year, resident of Village & P.O. Tangtona, P.S. Kasmar, District- Bokaro

12. Lalita Kumari, daughter of Late Bhuneshwar Mahto

13. Pramila Kumari, daughter of Late Bhuneshwar Mahto

14. Kunti Kumari, daughter of Late Bhuneshwar Mahto

15. Gour Chand Mahto, son of Late Bejo Mahto Sl. No. 12 to 15 are resident of Village and P.O. Durgapur, P.S.-Kasmar, District- Bokaro .... .... .... Petitioners Versus

1. Bikash Mahto, S/o Late Parsuram Mahto

2. Most Fulia Devi, W/o Late Parsuram Mahto

3. Karuna Kumari, D/o Late Parsuram Mahto

4. Basanti Kumari, D/o Late Parsuram Mahto

5. Shankar Mahto, S/o Late Ramlal Mahto Sl. No. 1 to 5 are resident of Village & P.O. Durgapur, P.S.-Kasmar, District- Bokaro

6. Purni Devi, D/o Late Ramlal Mahto and W/o Dasrath Mahto, Resident of Village- Tondra, P.O.- Bhaski, P.S. Jaridih, District-Bokaro

7. Most. Jagni, W/o Late Murli Mahto

8. Most. Chinta Devi, W/o Late Mukesh Mahto

9. Rohit Kumar Mahto, S/o Late Mukesh Mahto

10. Sukhdeo Mahto, S/o Late Murli Mahto

11. Narayan Mahto, S/o Late Chhutu Mahto Sl. No. 7 to 11 are resident of Village & P.O. Durgapur, P.S.-Kasmar, District- Bokaro

12. Ledya Devi, D/o Late Paru Ram Mahto & W/o Khedan Mahto,

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resident of Village- Murhulsudi, P.O. Pirgul, P.S.-Kasmar, District- Bokaro

13. Kunti Devi, D/o Late Parsu Ram Mahto & W/o Kishun Mahto, resident of Village Padi, P.O. Pirgul, P.S. Kasmar, District- Bokaro

14. Futni Devi, D/o Late Murli Mahto & W/o Kishun Mahto, resident of Village & P.O. Manjura, P.S. Kasmar, District-Bokaro

15. Lila Devi, D/o Late Murli Mahto & W/o Meghnath Mahto, resident of Village Nawadih, P.O. Tangtona, P.S. Kasmar, District- Bokaro

16. Most. Chaiti Devi, D/o Late Chhutu Mahto & W/o Late Kishun Mahto, resident of Village & P.O. Durgapur, P.S.- Kasmar, District- Bokaro

17. Saheb Ram Mahto, S/o Sohgi Devi W/o Late Bigan Mahto

18. Gujar Mahto, S/o Sohgi Devi W/o Late Bigan Mahto

19. Dinesh Mahto, S/o Sohgi Devi W/o Late Bigan Mahto Sl. No. 17 to 19 are resident of Village Hanslata, Tola Charakpakhna, P.O. Dantoo, P.S.- Kasmar, District- Bokaro

20. Sarubali Devya, W/o Late Jageshwar Mahto & D/o Sohgi Devi W/o Late Bigan Mahto, resident of Village Durgapur Medha Tola, P.O. Durgapur, P.S.- Kasmar, District- Bokaro

21. Chanwa Devi, W/o Subodhan Mahto & D/o Sohgi Devi W/o Late Bigan Mahto, resident of Village- Durgapur, Tola-Dundadih, P.O.- Durgapur, P.S.- Kasmar, District- Bokaro

22. Malti Devi, W/o Manoj Mahto & D/o Sohgi Devi W/o Late Bigan Mahto, resident of Village & P.O. Manjura, P.S.- Kasmar, District- Bokaro

23. Bhuniya Devi, D/o Late Jethu Mahto and W/o Lalsai Mahto, resident of Village Dhamnatand, P.O. Soso, P.S. Gola, District Ramgarh

24. Sanichar @ Sarju Mahto, S/o Late Jhuniya Devi D/o Late Jethu Mahto & W/o Late Mathur Mahto, resident of Village Durgapur Tola- Lalmatia, P.O. Durgapur, P.S.-Kasmar, District- Bokaro

25. Smt. Budhni Devi, D/o Late Jhuniya Devi D/o Late Jethu Mahto & W/o Late Mathur Mahto, Resident of Village & P.O.-Chainpur, P.S.- Kasmar, District- Bokaro

26. Sushila Devi, D/o Late Jethu Mahto & W/o Choteshwar Mahto, Resident of Village Bhalu, P.O. Potamdaga, P.S.-Rajrappa, District- Ramgarh

27. Budhan Mahto, S/o Late Hiralal Mahto

28. Pokhan Mahto, S/o Late Hiralal Mahto Sl. Nos. 27 & 28 are resident of Village & P.O. Palamu, P.S. Nawadih, District- Bokaro

29. Sarju Prasad Mahto, S/o Late Anand Mahto

30. Suresh Mahto, S/o Late Anand Mahto

31. Ayodhya Mahto, S/o Late Anand Mahto

32. Dasrath Mahto, S/o Late Anand Mahto

33. Babuchand Mahto, S/o Late Anand Mahto Sl. Nos. 29 to 33 are resident of Village & P.O. Durgapur, P.S.-Kasmar, District- Bokaro

34. Sulochna Devi, D/o Late Anand Mahto & W/o Bhushan Mahto, resident of Village Tangtona, Tola- Teliyadih, P.O.-Tangtona, P.S.-

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Kasmar, District- Bokaro

35. Mishir Mahto, S/o Late Shanti Devi W/o Gajadhar Mahto

36. Chini Prakash Mahto, S/o Late Shanti Devi W/o Gajadhar Mahto Sl. No. 35 and 36 are resident of Village- Murhulsudi, P.O. Pirgul, P.S. Kasmar. District- Bokaro

37. Paru Devi, W/o Dukhu Mahto & D/o Late Shanti Devi, Wife of Gajadhar Mahto, resident of Village Damarkudar Khudibera, P.O.-Hisim, P.S.- Kasmar, District- Bokaro

38. Chandan Kumar Mahto, S/o Late Lali Devi, resident of Village Madhukar Pur, P.O. Hensatu, P.S. Jhalda, District-Purulia (West Bengal)

39. Parola Devi, D/o Late Lali Devi & W/o Girdhari Mahto, resident of Village & P.O.- Pirgul, P.S.- Kasmar, District- Bokaro

40. Smt. Mirola Devi, D/o Late Lali Devi & W/o Jyotilal Mahto, resident of Village Chpad, P.O.Tulin, P.S. Jhalda, District-Purulia (West Bengal)

41. Smt. Rohni Devi, D/o Late Lali Devi & W/o Pintu Mahto, resident of Village Betul, P.O.- Betul Kala, P.S. Gola, District-Ramgarh

42. Rabi Mahto, S/o Rengtu Mahto, resident of Village- Sadma Kala, P.O. & P.S.- Petarbar, District- Bokaro

43. Saroj Devi, D/o Late Harihar Prasad Mahto

44. Sarita Devi, D/o Late Harihar Prasad Mahto

45. Taleshwar Mahto, S/o Late Harihar Prasad Mahto

46. Surendra Kumar Mahto, S/o Late Harihar Prasad Mahto

47. Krishna Ballav Mahto, S/o Dubraj Mahto

48. Ashirbad Mahto, S/o Dubraj Mahto

49. Sidheshwar Mahto, S/o Dubraj Mahto

50. Panchanan Mahto, S/o Dubraj Mahto

51. Shanti Devi, D/o Dubraj Mahto & W/O Budhu Mahto Sl. No. 43 to 51 are resident of Village & P.O. Durgapur, P.S. -Kasmar, District- Bolkaro

52. Kunti Devi, D/o Dubraj Mahto & W/o Shiv Kumar Mahto, Resident of Village Kurko, P.O. Durgapur, P.S. Kasmar, District Bokaro

53. Geeta Devi, D/o Dubraj Mahto & W/o Thakur Mahto, resident of Village Banchas, Tola Churingarha, P.O.& P.S.-Kasmar, District- Bokaro

54. Gangi Devi, D/o of Late Rengtu Mahto & W/o Late Sufal mahto, resident of Village Durgapur Tola, Kamarhir, P.O. Durgapur, P.S. Kasmar, District Bokaro

55. Niru Devi, D/o Late Rengtu Mahto & W/o Chamu Mahto, resident of Village & P.O. Ordana, P.S. Petarbar, District-Bokaro

56. Piyari Divi, D/o Late Rengtu Mahto & W/o Bhunu Mahto, resident of Village & P.O.- Bhuchungdih, P.S.- Rajrappa, District-Ramgarh

57. Fugni Devi, D/o Late Rengtu Mahto & W/o Ramji Mahto resident of Village- Hanslata, Tola Gatigarha, P.O.- Dantoo, P.S. Kasmar, District- Bokaro

58. Sudu Mahto, S/o Late Jagarnath Mahto, resident of Village & P.O. - Durgapur, P.S. Kasmar, District- Bokaro

59. Funiya Devi, D/o Late Jagarnath Mahto, resident of Village-Goraiya Kudar, P.O.- Khairachatar, P.S.-Kasmar, District-Bokaro

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60. Fuleshwari Devi, D/o Late Sufal Mahto & W/o Shanti Mahto, Resident of Village & P.O. Durgapur, P.S. Kasmar, District- Bokaro

61. Urmila Devi, D/o Late Sufal Mahto & W/O Jagdish Mahto, resident of Village Tilaiya, Tola- Jara, P.O. Manjura, P.S.-Kasmar, District- Bokaro

62. Nuni Bala Devi, D/o Late Sufal Mahto & W/o Deo Charan Mahto Resident of Village & P.O.- Kumhardaga, P.S.- Gola, District- Ramgarh

63. Pushpa Devi, D/o Late Sufal Mahto & W/o Ashok Mahto, resident of Village & P.O. Betul Kala, P.S. Gola, District-Ramgarh

64. Bisu Mahto, S/o Late Bhukhal Mahto, Resident of Village-Pilpilo, Tola- Kathardih, P.O. Narayan, P.S. Nawadih, District-Bokaro

65. Jiriya Devi, D/o Late Bhukhal Mahto & W/o Jugal Mahto, resident of Village & P.O. District- Bokaro. Kurpania, P.S. Gandhi Nagar

66. Niru Devi, D/o Late Bhukhal Mahto & W/o Sohrai Mahto, resident of Village- Tingra, P.O.- Pordag, P.S. Nimiaghat, District -Giridih

67. Sukhdeo Mahto, S/o Late Nakul Mahto

68. Anita Kumari, D/o Sukhdeo Mahto

69. Chunki Kumari, D/o Sukhdeo Mahto

70. Rinki Kumari, D/o Sukhdeo Mahto

71. Gansu Mahto, S/o Sukhdeo Mahto Sl. No. 67 to 71 are resident of Village Padi, P.O. Pirgul, P.S.-Kasmar, District- Bokaro

72. Dulu Devi, D/o Late Beju Mahto & W/o Late Aghnu Mahto, resident of Village Budgara, P.O. Kanjkiro, P.S.-Nawadih, District- Bokaro

73. Nemia Devi, D/o Late Beju Mahto & W/o Govind Mahto, resident of Village- Durgapur, Tola- Lalmatia, P.O.- Durgapur, P.S.- Kasmar, District- Bokaro

74. Rohni Devi, D/o Late Beju Mahto, W/o Nanku Mahto, resident of Village Pipilo, P.O. Narayanpur, P.S. Nawadih, District Bokaro .... .... .... Opposite Parties With

1. Sheo Nandan Mahto, son of Late Sufal Mahto

2. Gopal Mahto, son of Late Sufal Mahto

3. Most. Sahodari Devi, wife of Late Jiwan Mahto

4. Pradeep Mahto, son of Late Jiwan Mahto

5. Chaman Ram Mahto, son of Late Jiwan Mahto Sl. 1 to 5 are resident of Village and P.O. Durgapur, P.S.- Kasmar, District- Bokaro

6. Geeta Devi, daughter of Late Jiwan Mahto, resident of Village & P.O. Manjura, P.S- Kasmar, District Bokaro

7. Sarita Devi, daughter of Late Jiwan Mahto, resident of Village-Pupanki, P.O.& P.S.- Chas, District- Bokaro

8. Pushpa Devi, wife of Kapileshwar Mahto and D/o Late Jiwan Mahto, resident of Village & P.O.- Manjura, P.S.- Kasmar, District- Bokaro

9. Most. Shanti Devi, wife of Late Bhuneshwar Mahto, resident of Village & P.O. Durgapur, P.S.- Kasmar, District- Bokaro

10. Monika Kumari, daughter of Late Bhuneshwar Mahto and wife of

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Gobardhan Mahto, resident of Village & P.O.- Manjura, P.S.- Kasmar, District- Bokaro

11. Munni Devi, daughter of Late Bhuneshwar Mahto and wife of Birendra Kumar Mahto, resident of Village & P.O. - Tangtona, P.S. Kasmar, District- Bokaro

12. Lalita Devi, daughter of Late Bhuneshwar Mahto

13. Pramila Kumari, daughter of Late Bhuneshwar Mahto

14. Kunti Kumari, daughter of Late Bhuneshwar Mahto

15. Gour Chand Mahto son of Late Bejo Mahto Sl. No. 12 to 15 are resident of Village- and P.O. Durgapur, P.S.- Kasmar, District- Bokaro .... .... .... Petitioners Versus

1. Bikash Mahto, S/o Late Parsuram Mahto

2. Most Fulia Devi, W/o Late Parsuram Mahto

3. Karuna Kumari, D/o Late Parsuram Mahto

4. Basanti Kumari, D/o Late Parsuram Mahto

5. Shankar Mahto, S/o Late Ramlal Mahto Sl. No. 1 to 5 are resident of Village & P.O. Durgapur, P.S.-Kasmar, District- Bokaro

6. Purni Devi, D/o Late Ramlal Mahto and W/o Dasrath Mahto, Resident of Village- Tondra, P.O. Bhaski, P.S. Jaridih, District-Bokaro

7. Most. Kunti Devi, W/o Late Banshi Mahto

8. Most. Jagni Devi, W/o Late Murli Mahto

9. Most. Chinta Devi, W/o Late Mukesh Mahto

10. Rohit Kumar Mahto, S/o Late Mukesh Mahto

11. Sukhdeo Mahto, S/o Late Murli Mahto

12. Narayan Mahto, S/o Late Chhutu Mahto Sl. No. 7 to 12 are resident of Village & P.O. Durgapur, P.S.-Kasmar, District- Bokaro

13. Ledya Devi, D/o Late Paru Ram Mahto & W/o Khedan Mahto, resident of Village Murhulsudi, P.O.- Pirgul, P.S.-Kasmar, District- Bokaro

14. Kunti Devi, D/o Late Parsu Ram Mahto & W/o Kishun Mahto, resident of Village Padi, P.O. Pirgul, P.S.- Kasmar, District- Bokaro

15. Futni Devi, D/o Late Murli Mahto & W/o Kishun Mahto, resident of Village & P.O.- Manjura, P.S. Kasmar, District-Bokaro

16. Lila Devi, D/o Late Murli Mahto & W/o Meghnath Mahto, resident of Village- Nawadih, P.O. Tangtona, P.S. Kasmar, District- Bokaro

17. Most. Chaiti Devi, D/o Late Chhutu Mahto & W/o Late Kishun Mahto, resident of Village & P.O. Durgapur, P.S.-Kasmar, District- Bokaro

18. Saheb Ram Mahto, S/o Late Sohgi Devi W/o Late Bigan Mahto

19. Gujar Mahto, S/o Sohgi Devi W/o Late Bigan Mahto

20. Dinesh Mahto, S/o Sohgi Devi W/o Late Bigan Mahto, Sl. No. 18 to 20 are resident of Village Hanslata, Tola Charakpakhna, P.O. Dantoo, P.S.- Kasmar, District- Bokaro

21. Sarubala Devi, D/o Late Sohgi Devi & Late Bigan Mahto W/o Late Jageshwar Mahto resident of Village Durgapur Medha Tola, P.O.- Durgapur, P.S.- Kasmar, District- Bokaro

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22. Chanwa Devi, D/o Late Sohgi Devi and Late Bigan Mahto & W/o Subodhan Mahto, resident of Village- Durgapur, Tola-Dundadih, P.O.- Durgapur, P.S.- Kasmar, District- Bokaro

23. Malti Devi, D/o Sohgi Devi W/o Late Bigan Mahto & W/o Manoj Mahto, resident of Village &P.O. Manjura, P.S.- Kasmar, District- Bokaro

24. Uday Mahto, S/o Late Bhuniya Devi, D/o Late Jethu Mahto, W/O Lalsai Mahto

25. Dasaya Mahto, S/o Late Bhuniya Devi, D/o Late Jethu Mahto, W/o Lalsai Mahto Sl. No. 24 and 25 are resident of Village- Dhamnatand, P.O. Soso, P.S- Gola, District- Ramgarh

26. Sanichar Mahto @ Sarju Mahto, S/o Late Jhuniya Devi, W/o Late Mathur Mahto & D/o Late Jethu Mahto, resident of Village- Durgapur, Tola- Lalmatia, P.S.-Kasmar, District- Bokaro.

27. Smt. Budhni Devi, W/o Late Govind Mahto & D/o Late Jhuniya Devi, D/o Late Jethu Mahto, Resident of Village & P.O.-Chainpur, P.S.- Kasmar, District- Bokaro

28. Sushila Devi, D/o Late Jethu Mahto & W/o Choteshwar Mahto, Resident of Village Bhalu, P.O. Potamdaga, P.S. Rajrappa, District- Ramgarh

29. Budhan Mahto, S/o Late Hiralal Mahto

30. Pokhan Mahto, S/o Late Hiralal Mahto Sl. No. 29 & 30 are resident of Village & P.O. Palamu, P.S. Nawadih, District- Bokaro

31. Sarju Prasad Mahto, S/o Late Anand Mahto

32. Suresh Mahto, S/o Late Anand Mahto

33. Ayodhya Mahto, S/o Late Anand Mahto

34. Dasrath Mahto, S/o Late Anand Mahto

35. Babuchand Mahto, S/o Late Anand Mahto Sl. Nos. 31 to 35 are resident of Village & P.O. Durgapur, P.S.-Kasmar, District- Bokaro

36. Sulochna Devi D/o Late Anand Mahto & W/o Bhushan Mahto, resident of Village Tangtona, Tola Teliyadih, P.O.-Tangtona, P.S.- Kasmar, District- Bokaro

37. Mishir Mahto

38. Chini Prakash Mahto Sl. No. 37 and 38 are resident of Village- Murhulsudi, P.O. Pirgul, P.S. Kasmar. District- Bokaro

39. Paru Devi, W/o Dukhu Mahto & D/o Late Shanti Devi D/o Late Bharat Mahto & Wife of Gajadhar Mahto, resident of Village- Damarkudar, Khudibera P.O.-Hisim, P.S.- Kasmar, District- Bokaro

40. Chandan Kumar Mahto, S/o Late Shanti Devi, D/o Late Bharat Mahto & w/o Gajadhar Mahto, resident of Village-Madhukar Pur, P.O. Hensatu, P.S. Jhalda, District- Purulia (West Bengal)

41. Parola Devi, W/o Girdhari Mahto & D/o Late Shanti Devi, D/o Late Bharat Mahto & W/o Gajadhar Mahto, resident of Village & P.O.- Pirgul, P.S.- Kasmar, District- Bokaro

42. Smt. Mirola Devi, W/o Jyotilal Mahto & D/o Late Shanti Devi D/o

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Late Bharat Mahto & W/o Gajadhar Mahto, resident of Village Chopad, P.O.-Tulin, P.S. Jhalda, District- Purulia (West Bengal)

43. Smt. Rohni Devi, W/o Pintu Mahto & D/o Late Shanti Devi D/o Late Bharat Mahto & w/o Gajadhar Mahto, resident of Village- Betul, P.O.- Betul Kala, P.S.- Gola, District- Ramgarh

44. Rabi Mahto, S/o Rengtu Mahto, resident of Village- Sadma Kala, P.O.& P.S.- Petarbar, District- Bokaro

45. Most. Saroj Devi, W/o Late Harihar Prasad Mahto

46. Taleshwar Mahto, S/o Late Harihar Prasad Mahto

47. Surendra Kumar Mahto, S/o Late Harihar Prasad Mahto

48. Savitri Devi, D/o Late Harihar Prasad Mahto & W/o Gautam Kumar

49. Krishna Ballav Mahto, S/o Dubraj Mahto

50. Ashirbad Mahto, S/o Dubraj Mahto

51. Sidheshwar Mahto, S/o Dubraj Mahto

52. Panchanan Mahto, S/o Dubraj Mahto

53. Shanti Devi, D/o Dubraj Mahto & W/o Budhu Mahto Sl. No. 45 to 53 are resident of Village & P.O. Durgapur, P.S. -Kasmar, District- Bokaro

54. Kunti Devi, D/o Dubraj Mahto & W/o Shiv Kumar Mahto, Resident of Village Kurko, P.O. Durgapur, P.S. Kasmar, District- Bokaro

55. Geeta Devi, D/o Dubraj Mahto & W/o Thakur Mahto, resident of Village Banchas, Tola Churingarha, P.O.& P.S.-Kasmar, District- Bokaro

56. Niru Devi, D/o Late Rengtu Mahto & W/o Chamu Mahto, resident of Village & P.O. Ordana, P.S. Petarbar, District-Bokaro

57. Piyari Devi, D/o Late Rengtu Mahto & W/o Bhunu Mahto, resident of Village & P.O.- Bhuchungdih, P.S. Rajrappa, District-Ramgarh

58. Manohar Kumar Mahto, S/o Late Fugni Devi W/o Ramji Mahto, resident of Village Hanslata, Tola Gatigarha, P.O.-Dantoo, P.S. Kasmar, District - Bokaro

59. Smt. Rekha Devi, D/o Late Fugni Devi W/o Ramji Mahto & wife of Pradeep Kumar Mahto, resident of Village Bhawani Pur, P.O.- Bagda, P.S.- Kasmar, District- Bokaro

60. Aalo Devi, D/o Late Fugni Devi W/o Ramji Mahto, resident of Village- Bhawani Pur, Tola- Solagiri, P.O.& P.S.-Chirachas, District- Bokaro

61. Chinta Devi, D/o Late Fugni Devi, resident of Village Jhirke, P.O. Uigada, P.S.-Petarbar, District- Bokaro

62. Most. Mutri Devi, W/o Late Sudu Mahto

63. Dasrath Mahto, S/o Late Sudu Mahto

64. Parmeshwar Mahto, S/o Late Sudu Mahto Sl. No. 62 to 64 are resident of Village & P.O. Durgapur, P.S. -Kasmar, District- Bokaro

65. Paneshwari Devi, D/o Late Sudu Mahto and W/o Rajan Mahto, resident of Village- Banga, P.O.- Utasara, P.S.- Petarbar, District- Bokaro

66. Kiran Devi, D/o Late Sudu Mahto and W/o Tilak Mahto, resident of Village Lepo, P.O. Munga Sarla, P.S.- Petarbar, District Bokaro

67. Funiya Devi, D/o Late Jagarnath Mahto and W/o Pairag Mahto,

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resident of Village Goraiya Kudar, P.O. Khairachatar, P.S.-Kasmar, District- Bokaro

68. Fuleshwari Devi, D/o Late Sufal Mahto & W/o Shanti Mahto, Resident of Village & P.O. Durgapur, P.S. Kasmar, District- Bokaro

69. Urmila Devi, D/o Late Sufal Mahto & W/o Jagdish Mahto, resident of Village Tilaiya, Tola Jara, P.O. Manjura, P.S.-Kasmar, District- Bokaro

70. Nuni Bala Devi, D/o Late Sufal Mahto & W/o Deo Charan Mahto, Resident of Village & P.O.- Kumhardaga, P.S. Gola, District- Ramgarh

71. Pushpa Devi, D/o Late Sufal Mahto & W/o Ashok Mahto, resident of Village & P.O. Betul Kala, P.S. Gola, District-Ramgarh

72. Bisu Mahto, S/o Late Bhukhal Mahto, Resident of Village-Pilpilo, Tola Kathardih, P.O. Narayan, P.S.- Nawadih, District-Bokaro

73. Jiriya Devi, D/o Late Bhukhal Mahto & W/o Jugal Mahto, resident of Village & P.O. Kurpania, P.S. Gandhi Nagar, District-Bokaro

74. Niru Devi, D/o Late Bhukhal Mahto & W/o Sohrai Mahto, resident of Village- Tingra, P.O. Pordag, P.S.- Nimiaghat, . District- Giridih

75. Sukhdeo Mahto, S/o Late Nakul Mahto

76. Anita Kumari, D/o Sukhdeo Mahto

77. Chunki Kumari, D/o Sukhdeo Mahto

78. Rinki Kumari, D/o Sukhdeo Mahto

79. Gansu Mahto, son of Sukhdeo Mahto Sl. No. 75 to 79 are resident of Village Padi, P.O. Pirgul, P.S.-Kasmar, District- Bokaro

80. Dulu Devi, D/o Late Beju Mahto & W/o Late Aghnu Budgara, P.O. Kanjkiro, P.S.-Mahto, resident of Village Nawadih, District- Bokaro

81. Nemia Devi, D/o Late Beju Mahto & W/o Govind Mahto, resident of Village Durgapur, Tola Lalmatia, P.O. Durgapur, P.S.- Kasmar, District- Bokaro

82. Rohani Devi, D/o Late Beju Mahto & W/o Nanku Mahto, resident of Village- Pilpilo, P.O. Narayanpur, P.S. Nawadih, District- Bokaro .... .... .... Opposite Parties

CORAM: HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE GAUTAM KUMAR CHOUDHARY

For the Petitioners : Mr. Nehru Mahto, Advocate For the O.P. Nos.

1, 5, 7, 11, 29-33 : Mr. Rajesh Kumar Mahtha, Advocate Mr. Anil Kumar Srivastava, Advocate For the O.P. Nos.42,43,45,46-49,51-52,53,55,56 : Mr. Ranjan Kumar Singh, Advocate

For the Petitioners : Mr. Nehru Mahto, Advocate For the Opp. Parties : Mr. Ranjan Kumar Singh, Advocate Mr. Rajesh Kumar Mahtha, Advocate

2025:JHHC:37809

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Order No.04 / Dated : 16.12.2025 Both these civil miscellaneous petitions arise out of order passed in Title Suit No.65 of 2007 by the learned Trial Court. The petitioners are plaintiffs and the opposite parties are the defendants and since both the civil miscellaneous petitions arise out of the same case, therefore, they are being heard together and will be disposed of by the common order.

2. C.M.P. No.1085 of 2025 is preferred by the plaintiffs for quashing of the order dated 07.10.2025 by which the petition to mark certain documents available on record as exhibit under Section 74 of the Evidence Act has been rejected.

3. It is argued by the learned counsel on behalf of the petitioners that all these documents are more than 30 years old and there is presumption of due execution under Section 90 of the Evidence Act. It is further submitted that some of the documents were certified copies of the original Register II which was also filed and marked as exhibit. Petition dated 07.10.2025 was filed under Section 74 of the Evidence Act. P.W. 5 has produced that documents from his custody as testified by him in Para 16 and 17 of his deposition.

4. It is argued by the learned counsel on behalf of the defendants that these documents were filed at the belated stage when the case was posted for argument.

5. Having considered the submissions advanced on behalf of both sides, this Court is of the view that the learned trial Court erred in admitting the documents into evidence on the ground that they were not formally proved by the witness. Mode of proof of a document is provided under Part II of the Evidence Act and mode of proof depends upon the nature of document. If it is a private document executed within 30 years then law insist formal proof of it in terms of Section 47 or 45 of the Evidence Act. However, where document is more than 30 years old, there

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is rebuttable presumption of its due execution under Section 90 of the Evidence Act and a formal proof of such document cannot be insisted upon. The said document on being produced from bona fide custody, is to be marked as exhibit.

6. So far public document is concerned, the mode of proof is provided under Section 79 of the Evidence Act that it can be proved by the certified copy of it.

7. The question of mode of proof arises only if the document is relevant and it was either filed at the time of filing of plaint or written statement. In the event, where it was not filed along with plaint or written statement, the leave of the Court is sought under VII Rule 14 of the CPC or under Order VIII Rule 1(A) sub Rule 3 of the CPC.

8. So far admissibility of a document is concerned, the objection can be raised at any stage even after it has been marked as exhibit. However, on the mode of proof, if the objection is not raised at the time when it is marked into exhibit, the same cannot be raised later on.

The Apex Court held in Bipin Shantilal Panchal v. State of Gujarat & Another, (2001) 3 SCC 1 :

"14. When so recast, the practice which can be a better substitute is this:

Whenever an objection is raised during evidence-taking stage regarding the admissibility of any material or item of oral evidence the trial court can make a note of such objection and mark the objected document tentatively as an exhibit in the case (or record the objected part of the oral evidence) subject to such objections to be decided at the last stage in the final judgment. If the court finds at the final stage that the objection so raised is sustainable the Judge or Magistrate can keep such evidence excluded from consideration. In our view there is no illegality in adopting such a course. (However, we make it clear that if the objection relates to deficiency of stamp duty of a document the court has to decide the objection before proceeding further. For all other objections the procedure suggested above can be followed."

9. Here, so far as the objection raised is mainly on the ground of mode of delay and therefore, the impugned order is set aside and C.M.P. No.1085 of 2025 is allowed. Pending Interlocutory Application, if any, is disposed of. Learned trial Court to mark these documents into evidence as exhibit. Defendants will be at liberty to raise issue of their relevancy at the stage of final argument.

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10. C.M.P. No.886 of 2025 is filed for quashing the order dated 18.07.2025 whereby and whereunder the learned trial Court has rejected the petition filed by the plaintiff under Order VII Rule 14 of the CPC seeking leave to admitting into evidence the following documents filed on behalf of the plaintiffs: -

I. Certified copy of registered deed of indenture vide deed No. 2848 of 1944.

II. Certified copy of register-II in the name of Lalu Mahto. III. Certified copy of registered sale deed No. 2829 of the year 1957. IV. Certified copy of registered sale deed No. 2827 of the year 2001. V. Certified copy of registered sale deed No. 2826 of the year 2001. VI. Certified copy of registered sale deed No. 1879 of the year 2001. VII. Certified copy of registered sale deed No. 2952 of the year 2010. VIII. Certified copy of registered sale deed No. 3420 of the year 1956.

on the ground that the plaintiffs was not vigilant and there was no due diligence on their part to file these documents after an inordinate delay.

11. It is submitted by the learned counsel that all these documents are certified copy of registered sale deeds and one is registered deed of indenture vide Deed No. 2848 of 1944. It is also contended that one certified copy of Register II in the name of Lalu Mahto has been filed and all these documents have been rejected by the cryptic order.

12. Learned counsel on behalf of the defendants has opposed the petition. It is submitted that at the fag end of the trial, the petition seeking leave of the Court has been filed under Order VII Rule 14 of the CPC.

Reliance has been placed in M/S Bagai Construction Tr. Prop vs M/S Gupta Building Material Store, (2013) 14 SCC 01.

13. Order VII Rule 14(1) of the CPC mandates disclosure at the outset of the documents relied upon by the plaintiffs and Rule 14(2) requires the plaintiff to disclose the documents which is not in its possession or power at the time of the filing of the plaint. Law is settled that Rule 14(3) of the CPC which bars subsequent filing of a document, is procedural in nature and is not absolute. The Court detains discretion to permit production of a relevant document which will have a bearing on

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the fate of a case at a later stage as well. The leave may be allowed for omission whether bona fide or inadvertent and to admit into evidence relevant and material document for just adjudication. It has been held by the Apex Court in Salem Advocate Bar Association, Tamil vs. Union of India, (2005) 6 SCC 344 that the provision under Order VII Rule 14 of the CPC is not mandatory in nature.

14. I find force in the argument advanced on behalf of the defendants/opposite parties that when any document is beyond pleading, the same is not admissible. However, when a relevant document has been omitted to be filed along with the plaint, the same cannot be shut out on a technical ground taken under Order VII Rule 14 of the CPC. Order VII Rule 14 of the CPC not applicable where the document produced to rebut the plea raised by the defendants. These documents are necessary for proper adjudication.

15. Instant suit is filed for declaring right, title and interest by the plaintiffs. The land in question claims title on the basis of a chain of title from the original settlee of the land by the ex-landlord. In order to establish chain of title, the sale deeds are sought to be adduced into evidence. It is also contended that after the said settlement, petitioner is in peaceful possession and the suit is for title and permanent injunction. In order to establish the possession, the Register II sought to be adduced into evidence, is relevant.

16. Under the circumstance, the impugned order is set aside and C.M.P. No.886 of 2025 is allowed. Pending Interlocutory Application, if any, is disposed of. Defendants will have right of rebuttal, so far the documents filed on behalf of the plaintiffs are concerned.

(Gautam Kumar Choudhary, J.) Anit

Uploaded 18.12.2025