[Cites 6, Cited by 0]

Jharkhand High Court

Kendriya Vidyalaya Sangathan vs Sh. Bhrigu Nandan Sharma on 5 December, 2025

Author: Rajesh Shankar

Bench: Rajesh Shankar

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      IN THE HIGH COURT OF JHARKHAND AT RANCHI
                      W.P.(S) No. 6520 of 2025
     Kendriya Vidyalaya Sangathan, through its Commissioner, 18
     Industrial Area, Shahid Jeet Singh Marg, P.O. & P.S. Shahidjeet Singh,
     New Delhi-100016                                  ...   Petitioner
                               Versus
     Sh. Bhrigu Nandan Sharma, aged about 72 years son of Late Kedar
     Prasad Sharma, resident of Qr. No. 203-204, Vastu Vihar, Mesra, Near
     Navodaya Vidyalaya, P.O. & P.S.- BIT Mesra Campus, District-
     Ranchi, Jharkhand- 835215                       ...     Respondent
                               With
                         W.P.(S) No. 6552 of 2025
     Kendriya Vidyalaya Sangathan, through its Commissioner, 18
     Industrial Area, Shahid Jeet Singh Marg, P.O. & P.S. Shahidjeet Singh,
     New Delhi-100016                                 ...    Petitioner
                               Versus
     Devendra Singh Rana aged about 66 years, s/o Sri Ramjiwan Rana
     resident of flat no. 24/D, Ujjain Enclave, Gas Godown Road, Khirji,
     P.O. & P.S.- Namkum, Dist- Ranchi, Jharkhand ....Respondent
                               ---------

     CORAM:              HON'BLE THE CHIEF JUSTICE
                  HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE RAJESH SHANKAR
                               ---------
     For the Petitioner(s) :   Md. Mokhtar Khan, Adv
                               Mr. Faisal Khan, Adv

For the Respondent(s): Md. Jalisur Rahman, Adv

---------

05/Dated : 05.12.2025

1. Heard the parties.

2. The learned Administrative Tribunal (for short 'Tribunal) vide its

judgment dated 28.05.2025 directed the cases of the respondents herein to

be converted from CPF to G.P.F.-cum- Pension Scheme and aggrieved

thereby the petitioner(s) have filed these writ petitions assailing the order

passed by the learned Tribunal.

3. The facts are not in dispute. The respondent herein in WP(S) No.

6552 of 2025 is retired Yoga Teacher, Kendriya Vidhyalaya,

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Bulandshahr((U.P.). He retired on 31.03.2019, He was initially appointed

as Yoga Teacher in the year 1981. The scheme of Yoga Teacher was

introduced in KVS on Experimental basis . However, later on his service

was ordered to be regularized in the month of April, 1995.

4. After appointment, the respondent had opted for CPF in the month

of October, 1982. Thereafter, in view of the DOPT No. 4/1/87 dated

01.05.1987 issued by the Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievance and

Pensions, Government of India and also the memorandum issued by the

KVS vide KVS OM No. 152-1/79-80/KVS/Budget/Part.II dated

01.09.1988, the respondent had never exercised the option for continuance

in the CPF Scheme.

5. It was contended by the respondent before the Tribunal that in view

of the deeming clause of the Memo dated 01.05.1987 of the DOPT and

also Memo dated 01.09.1988 of the KVS, the respondent's provident fund

scheme should have converted from CPF to G.P.F.-cum- Pension Scheme,

but the authorities did not convert the same till the date of his retirement.

The respondent had even submitted a representation on 30.09.2019 and

requested for conversion of his CPF Scheme to G.P.F.-cum- Pension

Scheme but nothing had been done.

6. The respondent had applied under Right to Information Act, 2005

for getting information, as to whether he had opted for CPF Scheme

Pursuant to the Memo dated 01.09.1988 of the KVS and was informed

that there was no such option form available in his service record. As per

the respondent, he had never exercised the option to continue in CPF

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Scheme and, therefore, requested the appellant for conversion of his CPF

Scheme to G.P.F.-cum- Pension Scheme.

7. The appellant recommended the case for the conversion for direct

recruites, leaving behind the direct recruites since the respondent who

were appointed prior to 01.01.1986, constraining him to approach the

tribunal for the grant of following relief:-

"That the applicant has come before this Hon'ble Court with a prayer for quashing the order dated 06/10.04.2023 passed by the respondents concerned and for a direction to change over from CPF to GPF-cum-Pension Scheme in view of the recent judgment of the Hon'ble Supreme Court of India dated 10.05.2022 passed in University of Delhi Versus Smt. Shashi Kiran and analogous cases reported in 2022 SCC OnLine SC 594 whereby the Hon'ble Apex Court has upheld the finding of the Hon'ble Delhi High Court in R.N. Virmani batch of cases. On the similar matter, the Hon'ble Jharkhand High Court has also dismissed the writ application filed by the KVS vide WP(S) No. 6050 of 2019 (The Union of India & Ors Versus Priyabrat Singh) on 14.09.2022. The case of the applicant is squarely covered with the ratio of the Judgment rendered by the Hon'ble Supreme Court of India as well as the Hon'ble Jharkhand High Court."

8. As regards the respondent in W.P.S) No. 6520 of 2025, he was

initially appointed in KVS as PRT on 01.09.1980 and opted CPF scheme

and subsequently he was selected to the post of PGT on 30.09.1986 on

direct recruitment basic and finally he was promoted to the post of vice

Principal and retired from the post of Vice Principal on 31.12.2014. After

his appointment he opted for CPF in the Year, 1982. He too had never

exercised option for continuance in the CPF Scheme till his retirement on

31.12.2014 and on the same analogy as above he has claimed the relief

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with similar averments as that of the respondent in WP(S) No. 6552 of

2025.

9. The appellant(s) who were respondents before the learned

Tribunal had contested the case mainly on the ground that having been

appointed with the appellant (s) it was the respondents who had opted for

CPF Scheme and had opted for continuation in CPF scheme submitting

their revised option form in response to KVS OM dated 01.09.1988 and

was thereafter allotted their respective CPF Accounts which continued

till the retirement. Moreover, the respondents had obtained all benefits

admissible under the CPF Scheme upon retirement.

10. It was further averred that the provision contained in the

various OM relied upon by the respondents, the same applicable only to

Civilian Central Government Employees who were subscribing to the CPF

under Contributory Provident Fund Rules(India) 1962. The employees of

Statutory/autonomous bodies were not automatically covered by this O.M.

KVS is an autonomous body and in the 51st Meeting of Board of

Governors held on 31st May, 1988, it was decided that KVS would

implement mutatis mutandis the decision taken by the Government of

India on the recommendation of Fourth Pay Commission for the KVS

employees for change over from CPF to Pension Scheme in the manner

indicated in OM dated 01.09.1988 ( supra). The persons joining service on

or after 01.01.1986 would be governed by the GPF-cum-Pension Scheme

and would have no option for CPF Scheme. The employees who would

like to continue in CPF Scheme were however required to exercise a clear

option to continue in CPF Scheme.

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11. It is further averred that Government of India had not issued any

orders for allowing CPF optees to re-exercise the option for conversion

from CPF Scheme to GPF-cum-Pension Scheme. Therefore the

appellant(s) cannot allow its CPF optees to re-exercise the option for

conversion from CPF to GPF Pension Scheme.

12. Lastly it was averred that the matter with regard to one-time

permission for change over from CPF to GPF -cum- Pension Scheme was

considered by the MHRD in consultation with the department of

Expenditure. MHRD vide its letter dated 7th April 2015 had informed that

the department of Expenditure after examining the proposal the employees

of Kendriya Vidyalaya Sangathan who were in service as on 01.01.1986

and decided to opt for CPF made a conscious decision knowing well the

option exercised is final. Grant of one more option to such CPF

Subscribers in KVS could have repercussion elsewhere with such an

option having to be extended to all other CPF beneficiaries as well whose

number is quite substantial. Therefore, in view of the above position, the

proposal of grant of one time permission for changing from CPF to GPF -

cum- Pension Scheme for teaching and non-teaching staff of KVS was not

agreed to.

13. We have heard the learned counsel for the petitioner(s) and have

gone through the records of the case.

14. At the outset it needs to be observed that as regards letter dated

07.04.2015 ( supra), the same has no bearing on this case as admittedly the

respondents herein are the employees of Kendriya Vidyalaya Sangathan

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who had been recruited prior to 01.01.1986 in the year 1980 and 1981

respectively.

15. Adverting to the merits of the case it needs to be noticed that a

close reading of memorandum dated 01.09.1988 issued by KVS indicates

that if no option to continue in CPF scheme is received by 28.02.1989, the

employee(s) shall be deemed to have switched over to the G.P.F. -cum-

Pension Scheme.

16. However, the learned counsel for the petitioner KVS would

submit while adjudicating upon the Original Application preferred by the

respondent(s), the learned Tribunal erroneously relied upon the judgment

of Hon'ble Supreme Court in K.V.S. and others v. Jaspal Kaur and

others 2007 (6) SCC 13. In this regard it was submitted that the ratio in

Jaspal Kaur case (supra) is not at all applicable to the facts of the instant

case especially qua the switch over from CPF Scheme to GPF-cum-

Pension Scheme because the respondents herein had been granted

sufficient option at the first instance to exercise the options for the

applicability of the aforesaid scheme and the KVS memorandum of 1988

but the respondent(s) had not exercised the option.

17. However, we find no merit in the contention raised by the

petitioner(s), more particularly in view of the law laid down by the

Hon'ble Supreme Court in University of Delhi v. Shashi Kiran and

others (2022) 15 SCC 325 wherein the Hon'ble Supreme Court while

dealing with the issue of switch over by the employee(s) from CPF

Scheme to GPF-cum-Pension Scheme. The Hon'ble Supreme Court dealt

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with three distinct type of eventualities that are reflected therein which

read as under:-

4. On 06.06.1985, the Central Government employees who were governed by the Contributory Provident Fund (for short, "CPF") were permitted to opt for General Provident Fund and Pension Scheme (for short, "GPF"). Thereafter a notification was issued by the Central Government with respect to the changeover of the employees from CPF to GPF. Said notification issued on 1.5.1987 contemplated that all CPF beneficiaries who were in service on 01.01.1986 and were still in service would be deemed to have "come over" to GPF unless a contrary option was exercised by them in writing by 30.09.1987 to continue to be under CPF. The relevant paragraphs of said notification were:

"The Central Government employees who are governed by the Contributory Provident Fund Scheme (CPF Scheme) have been given repeated options in the past to come over to the Pension Scheme. The last such option was given in the Department of Personnel and Training. O.M. No. F 3 (1)

- Pension Unit/85, dated the 6" June, 1985. However, some Central Government employees still continue under the CPF Scheme. The Fourth Central Pay Commission has recommended that all CPF beneficiaries in service on January 1, 1986, should be deemed to have come over to the Pension Scheme on that date unless they specifically opt out to continue under the CPF Scheme.

2. After careful consideration, it has been decided that the said recommendation shall be accepted and implemented in the manner hereinafter indicated.

3.1 All CPF beneficiaries, who were in service on 1st January, 1986, and who are still in service on the date of issue of these orders viz., 1st May, 1987) will be deemed to have come over to the Pension Scheme.

3.2 The employees of the category mentioned above will, however, have an option to continue under the CPF Scheme, if they so

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desire. The option will have to be exercised and conveyed to the concerned Head of Office by 30-9-1987, in the form enclosed if the employees wish to continue under the CPF Scheme. If no option is received by the Head of Office by the above date the employees will be deemed to have come over to the Pension Scheme. 3.6 The option once exercised shall be final.

6.3 These orders do not also apply to scientific and technical personnel of the Department of Atomic Energy, Department of Space, Department of Electronics and such other Scientific Departments as have adopted the system prevailing in the Department of Atomic Energy. Separate orders will be issued in their respect in due course. [See Order (3) in this Appendix.] 8. These orders issue with the concurrence of the Ministry of Finance, Department of Expenditure, vide their U.O. No.2038/IS(Pers.)/87, dated 13-4-1987."

5. Around the same time, a communication was addressed on 05.05.1987 by the Central Government to the Registrar of the University stating that the Hon'ble President of India in his capacity as Visitor of the University was pleased to approve the proposal of the University for amending Statute 28A, giving benefits to its employees relating to GPF, CPF, gratuity etc. "which are more advantageous to the employees of the University in pursuance to similar order issued by the Central Government with respect to their own employees".

18. The Hon'ble Supreme Court while dealing with the aspect of

switch over in all the three distinct types of eventualities, as noted above,

held that the switch over from the CPF Scheme to GPF-cum- Pension

Scheme shall be permissible and the claims of employee(s) shall not be

barred by the delay and latches and /or, in light of the facts and the scheme

as put in operation accrued for the welfare of the employees. In essence,

the very choice to select scheme stemmed and/or formed part of beneficial

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piece of legislation way back permitting switch over between the two

schemes. Thus what can be deduced from the exposition of law in Shashi

Kiran's case is that the switch over shall be permissible to the

employee(s) in the following eventualities:-

(i) Wherein the employee had not exercised any option at all.

(ii) Wherein the employees had not exercised the option by the cut off date.

(iii) Wherein the employees had exercised the positive option by the cut-off date, but, eventually demanding a change in connection therewith.

19. The rationale behind this for permitting switch over in the said

eventualities, as enumerated above, was that the very choice to select a

scheme accrued for the welfare of the employees.

20. Therefore, it can safely be said that even the employee(s) who

had originally opted to remain in the CPF Scheme and subsequently

sought to switch over to the pension scheme, on account of the later being

more beneficial to them, was permissible, especially due to the fact that

non grant of better and/or more lucrative benefits by way of pension and

denying the same to one set of employees would per se be discriminatory

notwithstanding the option exercised by the employee(s) to remain in the

CPF scheme.

21. In taking this view we are further fortified by the judgment

rendered by the learned Division Bench of this Court in Union of India v.

Priyabrat Singh 2022 ( 4) JBCJ Page 458 wherein this Court while

dealing with two distinct view point as expressed by the Hon'ble Supreme

Court Jaspal Kaur's case (supra) and Shashi Kiran's case ( supra) held

as under:-

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14. This Court is having two views of the Hon'ble Apex Court; one in the case of KVS and Others vs. Jaspal Kaur and Others ( supra) and another in the case of University of Delhi vs. Shashi Kiran and Others ( supra).

15. The position of law is well settled that if there are two conflicting view of the Hon'ble Apex Court, the latest judgment is to be considered having the binding precedence, as has been held in Subhash Chandra and Another vs. Delhi Subordinate Services Selection Board and Others[(2009) 15 SCC 458]. For ready reference, the relevant paragraph of the aforesaid judgment is quoted hereunder:-

"96. A decision, as is well known, is an authority for what it decides and not what can logically be deduced therefrom. In S. Pushpa [(2005) 3 SCC 1], decisions of the Constitution Benches of this Court in Lilind [ (2001) 1 SCC 4] had not been taken into consideration. Although Chinnaiah [(2005) 1 SCC 394] was decided later on, we are bound by the same. It is now a well- settled principle of law that a Division Bench, in case of conflict between a decision of a Division Bench of two Judges and a decision of a larger Bench and in particular Constitution Bench, would be bound by the latter.(See Sardar Associates vs. Punjab & Sind Bank [(2009) 8 SCC 257]).

16. This Court, taking into consideration the aforesaid position of law that the latest judgment of the Hon'ble Apex Court is required to be followed, therefore, is of the considered view that that the view as has been taken by the Hon'ble Apex Court in University of Delhi vs. Shashi Kiran and Others ( supra) is required to be followed herein also.

17. This Court, after having discussed the factual aspect and the legal position based upon the judgment rendered by Hon'ble Apex Court, has gone through the order passed by the Central Administrative Tribunal and found therefrom that the view expressed therein based upon the judgment passed by the Hon'ble Apex Court in University of Delhi vs. Shashi Kiran and Others ( supra), requires

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no interference, since therein also the learned Central Administrative Tribunal has come to a view that in absence of any specific option furnished by one or the other employee of the organization, there cannot be any deemed option.

22. Here, it needs to be noted that the judgment passed by this Court

in Priyabrat Singh's case ( supra) has attained finality as the appeal filed

by the Union of India against the decision of this Court ( Special Leave to

Appeal) stands dismissed by the Hon'ble Supreme Court on 26.09.2023.

23. The learned Tribunal apart from considering all the judgments as

cited above, has also considered the fact that the very choice to select a

scheme stemmed and/or formed part of beneficial piece of legislation,

thereby permitting switch over from the CPF Scheme to GPF-cum-

Pension Scheme in all three distinct types of eventualities, as discussed

above.

24. We are in complete agreement with the view taken by the learned

Tribunal vide its judgment dated 28.05.2025.