Rajasthan High Court - Jodhpur

The Oriental Ins Co Ltd vs Ashok Kumar And Ors (2025:Rj-Jd:39269) on 4 September, 2025

Author: Yogendra Kumar Purohit

Bench: Yogendra Kumar Purohit

[2025:RJ-JD:39269]

      HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE FOR RAJASTHAN AT
                           JODHPUR
            S.B. Civil Misc. Appeal No. 1158/2005

The Oriental Insurance Company Limited, Branch Office, Bikaner
through its legally constituted authority, Divisional Office,
Bhansali Tower, Residency Road Jodhpur.
                                                   ----Appellant
                            Versus
1. Abdul Hamid S/o Shri Mohd. Zafar (deceased) through his
legal representatives
1/1 Rajiya Bano W/o Late Shri Abdul Hamid,
1/2 Nazrul Islam S/o Late Shri Abdul Hamid (Minor)
1/3 Parvej Akhtar D/o Late Shri Abdul Hamid (Minor)
1/4 Shain Akhtar D/o Late Shri Abdul Hamid (Minor)
1/5 Seema D/o Late Shri Abdul Hamid (Minor)
Minors are represented through their natural guardian (next
friend) mother Smt Rajiya Bano
All R/o Ustadon ka Mohalla, Bada Bazar, Bikaner.
2. Roopa Ram S/o Shri Hajari Lal Jat R/o Village Thakda ki
Dhani, PS Roopangarh, Distt. Ajmer (Driver)
3. Ganesh Narayan S/o Shri Hanuman Baksh Kumawat, R/o
Village Kuchaman City, Tehsil Nava, Distt. Nagour, Presently at
56, Jawahar Nagar, Ajmer.
                                                                 ----Respondent
                         Connected With
              S.B. Civil Misc. Appeal No. 684/2005
The Oriental Insurance Company Limited, Branch Office, Bikaner
through its legally constituted authority, Divisional Office,
Bhansali Tower, Residency Road Jodhpur.
                                                   ----Appellant
                               Versus
1. Ashok Kumar S/o Shri Surja Ram Suthar, R/o Sutharon Ki
Badi Guwar, Bikaner.
2. Roopa Ram S/o Shri Hajari Lal Jat R/o Village Thakda ki
Dhani, PS Roopangarh, Distt. Ajmer (Driver)
3. Ganesh Narayan S/o Shri Hanuman Baksh Kumawat, R/o
Village Kuchaman City, Tehsil Nava, Distt. Nagour, Presently at
56, Jawahar Nagar, Ajmer.
                                                  ----Respondent
              S.B. Civil Misc. Appeal No. 1159/2005
The Oriental Insurance Company Limited, Branch Office, Bikaner
through its legally constituted authority, Divisional Office,
Bhansali Tower, Residency Road Jodhpur.
                                                     ----Appellant
                               Versus
1. Mohd. Amin S/o Shri Wali Mohd, R/o Vyaparion ka Mohalla,
Bikaner.
2. Roopa Ram S/o Shri Hajari Lal Jat R/o Village Thakda ki

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 Dhani, PS Roopangarh, Distt. Ajmer (Driver)
 3. Ganesh Narayan S/o Shri Hanuman Baksh Kumawat, R/o
 Village Kuchaman City, Tehsil Nava, Distt. Nagour, Presently at
 56, Jawahar Nagar, Ajmer.
                                                   ----Respondent
               S.B. Civil Misc. Appeal No. 1160/2005
 The Oriental Insurance Company Limited, Branch Office, Bikaner
 through its legally constituted authority, Divisional Office,
 Bhansali Tower, Residency Road Jodhpur.
                                                      ----Appellant
                                Versus
 1. Mohd. Farookh S/o Shri Safi Mohd, R/o Mohalla Chadwan,
 Acharyon Ki Ghati, Bikaner.
 2. Roopa Ram S/o Shri Hajari Lal Jat R/o Village Thakda ki
 Dhani, PS Roopangarh, Distt. Ajmer (Driver)
 3. Ganesh Narayan S/o Shri Hanuman Baksh Kumawat, R/o
 Village Kuchaman City, Tehsil Nava, Distt. Nagour, Presently at
 56, Jawahar Nagar, Ajmer.
                                                                   ----Respondent


For Appellant(s)            :     Mr. Jagdish Vyas
For Respondent(s)           :     Mr. HS Shrimali



      HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE YOGENDRA KUMAR PUROHIT

Judgment

Reserved on 26/08/2025 Pronounced on 04/09/2025

01- vihykFkhZ chek dEiuh dh vksj ls ;g pkjksa vihysa eksVj nq?kZVuk nkok vf/kdj.k] chdkusj ds fu.kZ; o vokMZ fnukad 25-11-2004 ls O;fFkr gksdj izLrqr dh xbZ gSA v/khuLFk vf/kdj.k esa N% vyx&vyx Dyse ;kfpdk,a is'k dh xbZ Fkh] ftudk ,d lkFk fuLrkj.k fnukad 25-11-2004 ds fu.kZ; o vokMZ ds }kjk fd;k x;kA ftlesa ls 4 izdj.k eksVj nq?kZVuk nkok la[;k 237@1999 ds laca/k esa flfoy fofo/k vihy la[;k 1158@2005] eksVj nq?kZVuk nkok la[;k 242@99 ds fo:) flfoy fofo/k vihy la[;k 684@2005] eksVj nq?kZVuk nkok la[;k 239@99 ds fo:) flfoy fofo/k vihy la[;k 1159@2005 o eksVj nq?kZVuk nkok la[;k 240@99 ds fo:) flfoy fofo/k vihy la[;k 1160@2005 izLrqr dh xbZ gSA ;s vihysa ,d gh fu.kZ; o vokMZ ls lacaf/kr gksus ls budk ,d lkFk fuLrkj.k fd;k tk jgk gSA

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02- la{ksi esa ekeys ds rF; bl izdkj ls gSa fd ;kphx.k@izR;FkhZx.k fnukad 19-11-1998 dks e`rd vCnqy gehn o vU; ;kphx.k] ;kph v'kksd dqekj }kjk pykbZ tk jgh ,EcslsMj dkj la[;k vkj-,l-Mh- 9307 esa lokj gksdj ?kjsyw dk;Z ls chdkusj ls t;iqj tk jgs Fks vkSj tc izkr% ;g dkj 3%30 cts Qrsgiqj ls lhdj dh vksj tkrs gq, gjlkok cM+k ds ikl igqaph rks lkeus ls vk jgh feuh Vªd vkj-ts- 14th&2474 dks mlds pkyd vizkFkhZ la[;k 1 :ikjke us rst xfr] vlko/kkuh] ykijokgh o mrkoysiu ls pykrs gq, jksax lkbZM esa vkdj mDr dkj dks lkeus ls VDdj ekjh ftlls mDr dkj esa lokj izkFkhZx.k vkSj dkj pkyd ds lk/kkj.k ,oa xaHkhj pksVsa vk;h rFkk dkj {kfrxzLr gks xbZ vkSj ejEer ;ksX; Hkh ugha jghA bl vk/kkj ij {kfriwfrZ jkf'k fnyk, tkus dh izkFkZuk ;kphx.k&izR;FkhZx.k dh vksj ls dh xbZ FkhA ftu ij ckn fopkj.k v/khuLFk vf/kdj.k }kjk fu.kZ; o vokMZ fnukad 25-11-2004 ds }kjk izdj.k la[;k 237@99 esa 6]48]500@& :i;s] izdj.k la[;k 239@99 esa 42]700@& :i;s] izdj.k la[;k 240@99 esa 25]000@& :i;s o izdj.k la[;k 242@99 esa 6]49]900@& :i;s {kfriwfrZ jkf'k fnykbZ xbZA ftlesa /kkjk 140 ,e-oh- ,DV ds rgr fnykbZ xbZ jkf'k lek;ksftr dh xbZ vkSj okn izLrqrhdj.k dh fnukad ls 9 izfr'kr okf"kZd dh nj ls C;kt jkf'k Hkh fnykbZ xbZA ftlls O;fFkr gksdj ;g vihysa chek dEiuh dh vksj ls izLrqr dh xbZ gSA 03- bl ekeys esa pkjksa vihyksa esa eq[; :i ls ;g vk/kkj fy;k x;k fd :ikjke okgu pkyd ds ikl dsoy ,y-,e-oh- dk Mªkbfoax ykblsal Fkk ftls VªkaliksVZ okgu pykus dk vf/kdkj ugha Fkk vkSj bl ekeys esa eq[; :i ls flfoy fofo/k vihy la[;k 1158@2005 esa ;g vk/kkj fy;k fd dksbZ iksLVekVZe fjiksVZ e`rd dh bl ckcr ugha Fkh fd pksVksa dh otg ls e`R;q gqbZ gksA bl vk/kkj ij e`R;q nq?kZVuk ls gksuk ekudj tks {kfriwfrZ jkf'k fu/kkZfjr dh xbZ] og fof/klEer ugha gksuk crk;k vkSj C;kt jkf'k Hkh vR;f/kd gksuk crk;k gS rFkk flfoy fofo/k vihy la[;k 684@2005 esa ;g vk/kkj fy;k x;k fd tks {kfriwfrZ jkf'k fu/kkZfjr dh xbZ] og vR;f/kd gS] ftlds ckcr i;kZIr lk{; fjdkWMZ ij ugha gS] tks LFkkbZ fu;ksZX;rk ekuh xbZ gS] og mfpr ugha gS vkSj bl laca/k esa C;kt jkf'k Hkh vR;f/kd gksuk crk;k rFkk nksuksa vihyksa esa Hkh {kfriwfrZ jkf'k esa C;kt vR;f/kd fnyk, tkus ckcr vkifRr dh xbZ gSA 04- cgl vihy lquh xbZA 05- fo}ku vf/koDrk vihykFkhZ us nkSjkus cgl vius vihy esa of.kZr rF;ksa dks rdksZa ds :i esa izLrqr fd;k vkSj vihysa Lohdkj dj v/khuLFk vf/kdj.k dk vkns'k fujLr fd;s tkus dk fuosnu fd;kA

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06- fo}ku vf/koDRkk izR;FkhZ dh vksj ls ;g rdZ izLrqr fd;k fd bl ekeys esa tks {kfriwfrZ jfk'k fnykbZ xbZ] og fof/klEer gS vkSj ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; ds U;kf;d n`"Vkar Mukund Dewangan vs Oriental Ins. Co. Ltd. (2017) 14 SCC 663 ds eqrkfcd ,y-,e-oh- Mªkbfoax ykblsal /kkjd dks ,y-Vh-oh- dk okgu pykus

dk Hkh vf/kdkj gSA ,slh voLFkk esa fo}ku v/khuLFk vf/kdj.k dk fu.kZ; o vokMZ fof/klEer gksuk crkrs gq, leLr vihysa [kkfjt fd, tkus dk fuosnu fd;kA 07- eSaus mijksDr rdksZa ij euu fd;k] pkjksa i=kofy;ksa dk lko/kkuhiwoZd voyksdu fd;kA bl ekeys esa loZizFke bl iz'u ij fopkj fd;k tk jgk gS fd D;k ,y-,e-oh- Mªkbfoax ykbZlsal /kkjd dks ,y-Vh-oh- dk okgu pykus dk vf/kdkj gS] bl laca/k esa ekuuh; mPPre U;k;ky; }kjk Mukund Dewangan ¼iwoksZDr½ ds ekeys esa ;g vfHkfu/kkZfjr fd;k x;k Fkk fd ykbV eksVj Oghdy dk ykblsal /kkjh gksus ds ckotwn ykbV VªkaliksVZ Oghdy pykus dk vf/kdkj gSA bl vk/kkj ij fd ,y-,e-oh- Mªkbfoax ykblsal gkWYMj ds ykblsal ij VªkaliksVZ Oghdy ds fy, ,y-Vh-oh- ds :i esa okgu pykus dk vf/kdkj ugha gS] chek dEiuh dh ikWfylh dk mYya?ku gksuk ugha ekuk tk ldrkA 08- ekuuh; mPPkre U;k;ky; dh [k.MihB }kjk mDRk U;kf;d n`"Vkar dks yktZj csap ds le{k fopkj gsrq jsQj fd;k x;k Fkk] ftl ij ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; dh laoS/kkfud ihB }kjk Bajaj Alliance General Insurance Co. Ltd. Vs. Rambha devi & Ors. Civil appeal no. 841/2018, ¼2024½ INSC 840

fu.kZ; fnukad 06-11-2024 esa fopkj dj fu.kZ; ikfjr fd;k x;k vkSj Mukund Dewangan ¼iwoksZDr½ ds fu.kZ; dks Upheld fd;k x;k vkSj bl fu.kZ; ds iSjk la[;k 131 esa fuEukuqlkj fl)kar izfrikfnr fd;k x;k%&

131. Our conclusions following the above discussion are as under:-

(I) A driver holding a license for Light Motor Vehicle (LMV) class, under Section 10(2)(d) for vehicles with a gross vehicle weight under 7,500 kg, is permitted to operate a 'Transport Vehicle' without needing additional authorization under Section 10(2)(e) of the MV Act specifically for the 'Transport Vehicle' class. For licensing purposes, LMVs and Transport Vehicles are not entirely separate classes. An overlap exists between the two.

The special eligibility requirements will however continue to apply for, inter alia, e-carts, e-rickshaws, and vehicles carrying hazardous goods.

(II) The second part of Section 3(1), which emphasizes the necessity of a specific requirement to drive a 'Transport Vehicle,' does not supersede the definition of LMV provided in Section 2(21) of the MV Act.

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(III) The additional eligibility criteria specified in the MV Act and MV Rules generally for driving 'transport vehicles' would apply only to those intending to operate vehicles with gross vehicle weight exceeding 7,500 kg i.e. 'medium goods vehicle', 'medium passenger vehicle', 'heavy goods vehicle' and 'heavy passenger vehicle'. (IV) The decision in Mukund Dewangan (2017) is upheld but for reasons as explained by us in this judgment. In the absence of any obtrusive omission, the decision is not per incuriam, even if certain provisions of the MV Act and MV Rules were not considered in the said judgment.

09- iwoZ esa of.kZr fof/kd fLFkfr ls ;g Li"V gS fd bl ekeys esa tks vkifRr vihykFkhZx.k dh vksj ls dh xbZ Fkh fd okgu pkyd :ikjke ds ikl Mªkbfoax ykblsal dsoy ,y-,e-oh- dk gS bl dkj.k ls bl ekeys esa VªkaliksVZ Oghdy] ,y-Vh- oh- okgu pkyd }kjk pyk;k x;k] ftlls chek ikWfylh dk mYya?ku gqvk] drbZ ekus tkus ;ksX; ugha gSA bl ekeys esa :ikjke ,y-,e-oh- Mªkbfoax ykblsal gkWYMj gksus ls Hkh ,y-Vh-oh- ds fy, ykblsal esa endorsement ugha gksus ds ckotwn Hkh ,y-Vh-oh- okgu pykus ds ;ksX; FkkA ,slh voLFkk esa chek ikWfylh dk bl ekeys esa mYya?ku gksuk ugha ekuk tk ldrkA bl vk/kkj ij v/khuLFk vf/kdj.k dk fu.kZ; o vokMZ fujLr ugha fd;k tk ldrkA

10- vc bl ekeys esa vihykFkhZ }kjk flfoy fofo/k vihy la[;k 1158@05 esa bl vk/kkj ij fd e`rd dh e`R;q gksus ij iksLVekVZe fjiksVZ ugha gksus ls e`R;q dk dkj.k Li"V ugha gksuk crkdj tks {kfriwfrZ jkf'k fu/kkZfjr dh xbZ] mldk fojks/k fd;k x;kA ijarq bl ekeys esa izn'kZ 86 i=koyh esa layXu gS] ftlesa Li"V :i ls ,e-,u vLirky ,oa fjlpZ lsUVj] chdkusj dh vksj ls fnukad 14-05-2000 dk izek.k&i= eksgEen gehn dh e`R;q ds laca/k esa fn;k x;k gS] ftlds eqrkfcd fnukad 19-11-1998 dks ,MfeV gqvk] fnukad 23-11-1998 dks vkWijs'ku gqvk vkSj fnukad 06-12-1998 dks fMLpktZ fd;k x;kA iqu% fnukad 04-03-2000 dks HkrhZ gqvk] fnukad 06-03-2000 dks e`R;q gqbZA izn'kZ 25 Qkbuy fcy ,e-,u vLirky ,oa fjlpZ lsUVj] chdkusj dk gS] ftlesa Hkh fnukad 19-11-1998 ls fnukad 06-12-1998 rd HkrhZ jguk vafdr gSA izn'kZ 49 vafre fcy ds eqrkfcd Hkh blh vLirky esa fnukad 22-04-1999 dks ,d fnu HkrhZ gqvk gSA izn'kZ 50 Qkbuy fcy ds eqrkfcd larksdck nqyZHkth eseksfj;y vLirky esa fnukad 07-12-1999 ls fnukad 01-01-2000 rd HkrhZ jgkA bl izdkj le;≤ ij HkrhZ jgus o bykt djokus dk fjdkWMZ i=koyh ij ekStwn gS] dsoy ek= iksLVekVZe fjiksVZ ugha gksus ls ekeys esa lansg ugha fd;k tk ldrkA ,slh voLFkk esa nq?kZVuk ls e`R;q gksuk ekurs gq, tks {kfriwfrZ jkf'k fu/kkZfjr dh xbZ gS] og fo}ku v/khuLFk vf/kdj.k dk fu.kZ; fof/klEer gSA

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11- tgka rd izdj.k flfoy fofo/k vihy la[;k 684@05 esa vkgr v'kksd dqekj ds ckjs esa 70 izfr'kr LFkkbZ fu;ksZX;rk gksuk fo}ku v/khuLFk vf/kdj.k }kjk vius fu.kZ; esa mfYyf[kr fd;k x;k gS] mlds ckcr vihykFkhZ ds fo}ku vf/koDrk }kjk l[r vkifRr dh xbZ Fkh ijarq bl ekeys esa MkW jtuh'k 'kekZ ds c;ku dks fo}ku v/khuLFk vf/kdj.k }kjk vius fu.kZ; o vokMZ esa fook+|d la[;k 7 ds fu.kZ; esa fopkj fd;k gS vkSj leLr nLrkostkr fjdkWMZ ij izLrqr fd, x, gSa] ftu ij Hkh fopkj fd;k x;k gSA MkW jtuh'k 'kekZ crkSj ,-MCY;w8 ijhf{kr gq,] tks fd fQftdy esfMflu ,oa iquokZl foHkkx] ih-ch-,e vLirky] chdkusj esa inLFkkfir gksuk crk;kA ftlesa xokg }kjk v/kh{kd ih-ch-,e- vLirky] chdkusj ds vkns'k ij fnukad 28-09-2001 dks v'kksd dqekj dk 'kkjhfjd ijh{k.k fd;k x;k vkSj ml nkSjku mlds flj esa pksV yxus ds dkj.k ck,a gkFk o iSj esa detksjh ikbZ xbZ vkSj nkfgus Qhej dh gM~Mh VwVus ds dkj.k nkfguh Vkax <kbZ bZap NksVh ikbZ xbZ FkhA cksMZ dh jk; esa bl deh dks 70 izfr'kr LFkkbZ fu;ksZX;rk vkadh xbZA cksMZ dh fjiksVZ izn'kZ 292 ds :i esa iznf'kZr djokbZ xbZ] ftlesa MkWDVj vkj-ih-,l- rksej o vkj-ds- xgyksr cksMZ ds lnL; gksuk crk;k vkSj ftjg esa bl xokg us ;g Li"V fd;k fd v'kksd dqekj ds vkbZ 70 izfr'kr LFkkbZ fu;ksZX;rk mlds ck;sa gkFk o ck;as iSj esa detksjh o nkfguh Vkax ds NksVh gksus] nksuksa dks feykdj vkadh xbZ gS] mlds ck;sa gkFk o ck;sa iSj esa detksjh dk vFkZ mlds ydok gks tkuk crk;k gSA 12- v'kksd dqekj }kjk crkSj ,-MCy;w05 viuh 'kkjhfjd fLFkfr ds laca/k esa Li"V lk{; nh xbZ gS vkSj ;g Hkh crk;k gS fd flj esa vkbZ pksV ds dkj.k lk{kh dh ;knnk'r detksj gks xbZ gS vkSj gkFk dh idM+ Hkh detksj gks xbZ gS] ftlls og dqN Hkh ugha dj ikrk vkSj pksVksa ds dkj.k 60 fnu rd vLirky esa HkrhZ jgk vc og iw.kZ :Ik ls csjkstxkj gks x;k gS D;ksafd 'kjhj esa vkbZ LFkkbZ fu;ksZX;rk ds dkj.k og fdlh izdkj dh xkM+h pykus dk dke ugha dj ldrk vkSj vc Hkh cS'kk[kh ds lgkjs gh pyuk iM+rk gSA xkM+h pykus dk dke LFkkbZ :i ls NksM+uk iM+k igys eksgEen Qk:[k dh xkM+h pykrk Fkk] mlls nks gtkj :i;s izfrekg osru feyrk FkkA bl izdkj bl ekeys esa i;kZIr lk{; izLrqr dh xbZ gSA dsoy ek= bl vk/kkj ij fd flj ij xaHkhj pksV ugha Fkh] LFkkbZ fu;ksZX;rk de ugha vkadh tk ldrhA tkax <kbZ bZap NksVh gksus ckcr Li"V lk{; gS vkSj flj ij vkbZ pksV dh otg ls gkFk o iSj esa ydokxzLr gksus ckcr Hkh i;kZIr lk{; gS vkSj ;kph okgu Mªkboj ds :i esa dk;Z djrk Fkk] tks LFkkbZ :i ls cna gks x;kA ,slh voLFkk esa 70 izfr'kr LFkkbZ fu;ksZX;rk ekudj tks {kfriwfrZ jkf'k fu/kkZfjr dh xbZ gS] og vR;f/kd gksuk] bl ekeys esa ugha ekuk tk ldrkA

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13- pkjksa izdj.k esa tks C;kt jkf'k fnykbZ xbZ gS] og vR;f/kd gS] 9 izfr'kr ds fglkc ls C;kt jkf'k fnyk;k tkuk fof/klEer ugha gS] 6 izfr'kr okf"kZd dh nj ls C;kt] bl ekeys esa fnyk;s tkus ;ksX; gSA ,slh voLFkk esa dsoy ek= C;kt jkf'k 9 izfr'kr ds LFkku ij 6 izfr'kr fd, tkus ckcr vihykFkhZx.k dh vihysa vkaf'kd :i ls Lohdkj fd, tkus ;ksX; gSA 'ks"k vk/kkjksa ij pkjksa vihysa [kkfjt fd, tkus ;ksX; gSA 14- vr% vihykFkhZx.k dh pkjksa vihysa vkaf'kd :i ls Lohdkj dh tkdj pkjksa izdj.kksa eas fo}ku v/khuLFk vf/kdj.k eksVj nq?kZVuk nkok vf/kdj.k] chdkusj ds fu.kZ; o vokMZ fnukafdr 25-11-2004 esa dsoy ek= C;kt dh jkf'k 9 izfr'kr ds LFkku ij 6 izfr'kr gh fd, tkus dk vkns'k fn;k tkrk gSA 'ks"k fu.kZ; o vokMZ fnukafdr 25-11-2004 dh iqf"V dh tkrh gSA 15- fu.kZ; dh izfr fo}ku v/khuLFk vf/kdj.k ds fjdkWMZ ds lkFk Hksth tkosA

(YOGENDRA KUMAR PUROHIT),J 270-273-mayank/-