Madras High Court
The District Collector vs G.Pandi on 21 April, 2025
Author: G.Jayachandran
Bench: G.Jayachandran
BEFORE THE MADURAI BENCH OF MADRAS HIGH COURT
DATED : 21.04.2025
CORAM:
THE HONOURABLE DR.JUSTICE G.JAYACHANDRAN
AND
THE HONOURABLE MS.JUSTICE R.POORNIMA
W.A.(MD)No. 1624 of 2024
and
C.M.P(MD)No.12704 of 2024
1. The District Collector,
District Collectorate Complex,
Madurai District.
2. The Revenue Divisional Officer,
Usilampatti Division,
Madurai District.
3. The Tahsildar,
Peraiyur Taluk,
Madurai District.
4. The Inspector of Police,
Elumalai Police Station,
Madurai District. ... Appellants
-Vs-
1. G.Pandi
2. Sankaralingam
3. Mahalingam ... Respondents
[Respondents 2 & 3 are impleaded as per order of this Court, dted 18.09.2024]
Page 1 of 11
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PRAYER: Writ Appeal filed under Clause 15 of Letter Patent, to allow this Writ
Appeal by setting aside the order passed in W.P(MD)No.17824 of 2024, dated
30.07.2024.
For Appellants : Mr.Veera Kathiravan,
Additional Advocate General,
assisted by
Mr.S.Vinodh,
Government Advocate
For Respondents : Mr.Prabhu Rajadurai, for
Mr.M.Rajarajan, for R-1
Mr.T.Lajapathi Roy, Senior Counsel, for
DR.V.Nirmalarani, for R-2 & R-3
JUDGMENT
DR.G.JAYACHANDRAN, J.
AND
R.POORNIMA, J.
This Writ Appeal is filed by the State, represented by the District
Collector and other officials, aggrieved by the order passed by the Learned Single
Judge of this Court, dated 13.07.2024 in W.P.(MD) No.17824 of 2024. The
summon substance of the dispute which the Learned Single Judge attempted to
resolve in respect of worshipping a temple in a remote village managed by a
particular community, but closed due to unrest in the village in view of communal
disturbance.
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2. The Learned Single Judge allowed the writ petition, directing the
authorities to open the temple and keep it accessible for worship of the Deity
during the usual hours. Since the disputing communities had already arrived at a
compromise through an agreement, he directed the parties to adhere to its terms.
He further directed that the fundamental right of the first respondent herein/writ
petitioner and other villagers, guaranteed under Article 25 of the Constitution of
India, to visit the temple and participate in the worship of the Deity shall not be
curtailed for any reason.
3. Subsequently, the said order was challenged by the authorities
through this Intra-Court appeal, stating that the Learned Single Judge had not
properly appreciated the facts of the case in the correct perspective, hence it has
led to miscarriage of justice. The authorities have primarily aggrieved by the
direction given to them to open the temple and allow the writ petitioner to
administer the temple and also from the members of all community to enter the
temple and worship the Deity.
4. Heard Mr.Veera Kathiravan, the Learned Additional Advocate
General, assisted by Mr.S.Vinodh, the Learned Government Advocate for the
Appellants, Mr.Prabhu Rajadurai, for Mr.M.Rajarajan, the Learned Counsel for
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the first respondent herein/writ petitioner and Mr.T.Lajapathi Roy, the Learned
Senior Counsel for DR.V.Nirmalarani, for the respondents 2 & 3 and perused the
material documents placed on record.
5. The Learned Additional Advocate General appearing for the
Appellants submitted that the village had experienced a series of communal riots,
resulting in the registration of about 94 criminal cases, and that the temple had
remained closed for several years. Therefore, reopening the temple and permitting
worship of the Deity might lead to a law and order issue. He further submitted
that members of the other community were not permitted to worship the Deity,
and therefore, the possibility of triggering communal riots was imminent.
6. After hearing the Learned Additional Advocate General, this Court
enquired with the Learned Counsels appearing for the respondents. In
unequivocal terms, he stated that the temple, administered by the Vellalar
[Pillaimar] Uravinmurai, had never prevented members of the other community
from entering the temple to worship the Deity. Meanwhile, the members of the
other community were impleaded suo motu and were also represented by the
Senior Counsel, who, after considering the submissions made by the Learned
Additional Advocate General as well as the Learned Counsel appearing for the
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first respondent/writ petitioner, sought time to obtain instructions from their
clients.
7. Mr.Prabhu Rajadurai, the Learned Counsel appearing for the first
respondent herein/writ petitioner, also sought time to have a word with his client
to arrive at an amicable settlement between the members of both the communities,
so that the worship and festivals of the temple will be carried on. The bone of
contention among the parties was not primarily in respect of worshiping the Deity,
but rather the form of worship of the jy tpUl;rk;' [Peepal Tree] located within
the temple premises. After due deliberations, respondents 2 and 3, as well as the
first respondent herein/writ petitioner, filed their affidavits inrespect of their broad
agreement and mutual understanding regarding the worship of the Deity as well as
the ''jy tpUl;rk;' [Peepal Tree].
8. A reading of the affidavits filed by the respective parties, along
with the apprehensions expressed by the Learned Additional Advocate General,
gives the impression that the villagers are willing to worship at the temple
peacefully, provided there are no restrictions imposed by either side. In fact,
Arulmigu Mariamman Thirukkovil, administered by members of the other
community, recently celebrated its festival, which was conducted peacefully and
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without any disturbance. Therefore, there need not be any apprehension in the
mind of the State/appellants that allowing public worship at the Sri
Muthalamman Temple, administered by the Vellalar [Pillaimar] Uravinmurai,
will cause any law and order issues.
9. As pointed out earlier, the bone of contention between the parties
lies solely in respect of the worship of the 'jy tpUl;rk;' [Peepal Tree] and form
of its worship. In the affidavits, both parties have now agreed not to disturb the
'jy tpUl;rk;' [Peepal Tree] in any manner, except to go around it without
lighting any lamps, garlanding it, or causing any harm to the tree in the temple.
They have also agreed not to touch the 'jy tpUl;rk;' [Peepal Tree] to apply
sandalwood paste, kumkum, or any other powder. The worshippers to be
instructed not to touch the 'jy tpUl;rk;' [Peepal Tree], and a public notice
board will be displayed near the temple. Furthermore, the Learned Counsels have
agreed that the form of worship regarding the 'jy tpUl;rk;' [Peepal Tree] will
be sorted out by the parties with the intervention of the Hindu Religious and
Charitable Endowments Department.
10. This Court, upon a harmonious reading of the affidavits and the
submissions made by the Learned Counsels, who have shown a deep interest in
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arriving at a peaceful solution to this decade-long dispute, and with all
appreciation for the great efforts made by them along with the Learned Additional
Advocate General appearing for the Appellants, dispose off the Writ Appeal with
the following directions:
1. The appellants shall not prevent the first respondent herein/writ
petitioner and his community members from administrating the
temple in any manner.
2. The temple shall be opened to the public, irrespective of caste,
community, or place of residence.
3. The worship of the Deity inside the temple shall open for worship to
all without any restrictions.
4. The 'jy tpUl;rk;' [Peepal Tree] inside the temple shall not be
disturbed in any manner for any reason. No person shall touch the
tree, whether in connection with worship or any other act, either
religious or non-religious.
5. The Joint Commissioner, Hindu Religious and Charitable
Endowments Department, Dindigul, is directed to initiate proceedings
under Section 63(e) of the Hindu Religious and Charitable
Endowments Act, which empowers him to decide on the customs or
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established usage of the religious institution, specifically concerning
the form of worship of the 'jy tpUl;rk;' [Peepal Tree].
[a]. These proceedings shall be commenced
promptly either suo motu or upon receiving a
request from the District Collector, who is the first
appellant herein.
[b]. The Joint Commissioner shall complete
the enquiry within one year from the date of receipt
of a copy of this order and pass order. The Joint
Commissioner shall issue a notice to all the parties
and to the general public of the village who are
interested in the proceedings, and shall provide
them with the necessary opportunity to participate.
6. The Appellants herein shall take all necessary measures to provide
protection to all parties concern for the implementation of this order.
There is no doubt that the Appellants will take all safety precautions
to ensure the successful implementation of this order.
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7. No order as to Costs. Consequently, connected miscellaneous petition
is closed.
[G.J., J.] & [R.P., J.]
21.04.2025
NCC : Yes / No
Index : Yes / No
KSA
Note : Issue a copy of order on 23.04.2025
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To
1. The District Collector,
District Collectorate Complex,
Madurai District.
2. The Revenue Divisional Officer,
Usilampatti Division,
Madurai District.
3. The Tahsildar,
Peraiyur Taluk,
Madurai District.
4. The Inspector of Police,
Elumalai Police Station,
Madurai District.
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DR.G.JAYACHANDRAN, J.
AND
R.POORNIMA, J.
KSA
Judgment made in
21.04.2025
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