Kerala High Court

Chikithsaneethi vs State Of Kerala on 19 May, 2021

WP(C):11315/2021                              1



                IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM

                                       PRESENT

            THE HONOURABLE THE CHIEF JUSTICE MR.S.MANIKUMAR

                                   &
                 THE HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE SHAJI P.CHALY

         WEDNESDAY, THE 19TH DAY OF MAY 2021 / 29TH VAISAKHA, 1943

                            WP(C) NO. 11315 OF 2021
                           ---------------------------------------

PETITIONER/S:

      CHIKITHSANEETHI, REG. NO.TCR/TC/183/2016,
      REPRESENTED BY ITS GENERAL SECRETARY DR. K. J. PRINCE,
      SON OF JAYAPRAKASH, AGED 45 YEARS, KARATTUPARAMBIL HOUSE,
      EAST PERINGOTTUKARA, THRISSUR-680565.

      BY ADVS. SRI. ARUL MURALIDHARAN
               SMT. VINEETHA VIJAYAN


RESPONDENTS:

1. STATE OF KERALA.
   REPRESENTED BY THE CHIEF SECRETARY,
   SECRETARIAT, TRIVANDRUM-695 001.

2. KERALA DISASTER MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY,
   REPRESENTED BY ITS CONVENOR, VIKAS BHAVAN P.O.,
   OBSERVATORY HILLS, OPPOSITE KANAKAKKUNNU PALACE,
   NANTHANCODE, TRIVANDRUM-695 033.

3. DIRECTOR GENERAL OF POLICE, KERALA
  STATE POLICE HEAD QUARTERS, VELLAYAMBALAM, TRIVANDRUM-695 010.

  BY STATE ATTORNEY SHRI K.V. SOHAN


THIS WRIT PETITION (CIVIL) HAVING BEEN FINALLY HEARD ON 19.05.2021, THE COURT
ON THE SAME DAY DELIVERED THE FOLLOWING:
 WP(C):11315/2021                      2




                                JUDGMENT

S. Manikumar, CJ

Instant writ petition is filed by the petitioner seeking interference of

this Court in the matter of Swearing-in ceremony or Oath taking ceremony,

decided to conducted physically, by which, Government have invited

participants numbering 500. The ceremony is to be conducted at

Chandrasekaran Nair Stadium, Thiruvananthapuram.

2. Petitioner has submitted that the Disaster Management Authority

has declared Triple Lockdown in four districts, in the State of Kerala,

including Thiruvananthapuram, due to spread of COVID-19 Pandemic.

COVID-19 Pandemic is uncontrolled and the condition in Kerala is

worsening. Several thousands of people are infected and many lost their

lives. According to the petitioner, one of the reason for the spread of

Corona-virus is the uncontrollable gathering during Assembly Election.

Though the Election Commission of India has issued guidelines for

conducting meetings of not more than 100 persons, following Covid

protocols such as social distancing and wearing masks, meetings are

conducted without adhering to the protocols.

3. Though, at one stage, Government have issued lockdown and

Triple lockdown imposing stringent conditions, on various places, and

when the social workers are restlessly attending all COVID-19 issues, and

taking note of the worsening situation in Kerala, Disaster Management

Authority had issued Government order dated 14.05.2021 and declared

lockdown in Kerala and further order dated 17.05.2021, Government of

Kerala have decided to conduct Swearing-in Ceremony at

Chandrasekaran Nair Stadium, Thiruvananthapuram, by inviting

500 persons.

4. Petitioner has further contended that Government order dated

17.05.2021 inviting as many as 500 persons for the abovesaid ceremony

is in violation of Exhibit-P1 guidelines issued by the State Government

dated 06.05.2021 and Exhibit-P2 order issued by the Government on

14.05.2021.

5. Learned counsel for the petitioner submitted that though the

number in the aforesaid Government is stated as 500, passes have been

issued to more people and one person has been donated Rs.2 lakhs to

the Hon'ble Chief Minister's Distress Relief Fund also has been issued

with Pass No.546. It is the further submission of the learned counsel for

the petitioner that in the States of West Bengal and Tamil Nadu, where the

Member of Legislatures are more than 200, the invitees of Swearing-in

Ceremonies were less than 100 in the case of West Bengal and 200 in the

case of Tamil Nadu. Learned counsel also added that in the case of

Pondicherry, only 50 people attended the Swearing-in Ceremony.

6. According to the learned counsel for the petitioner, one of the

person who was engaged in electrical works for the Swearing-in

Ceremony is tested positive. According to her, there is no need or

necessity for the presence of so many people just for the purpose of

witnessing the Swearing-in Ceremony which can always be done from

their residence itself.

7. Mr. K.V. Sohan, learned State Attorney, submitted that

Chandrasekaran Nair Stadium, Thiruvananthapuram consists of 36 acres

of land. He also submitted that though the stadium is having a seating

capacity of 1000, by observing the Covid protocol, the number of

participants in the stadium is restricted to 500. He further submitted that

out of 500 invitees, 40 are Hon'ble Judges and two Hon'ble Judges from

the Lok Ayukta are not attending the ceremony. There are 41 MLAs

belonging to the opposition party. Those 41 MLAs along with their

respective spouses are not attending the ceremony. So also, 30 M.Ps

belonging to opposition are also not attending the ceremony.

8. Learned State Attorney further submitted that total number of

MLAs of the Kerala State Legislature is 140, out of which 41 are not

attending. From the remaining 99 MLAs of the political parties which form

the Government, 21 will take Oath of office as Ministers. Therefore, at

least 144 persons will not attending the program. (40 Hon'ble Judges, 20

Lok Ayukta Judges, 41 MLAs with their respective spouses, and 30 M.Ps)

9. Learned State Attorney further submitted that adequate

safeguards are taken by the Chairperson, State Executive Committee,

State Disaster Management Authority and after consultation with the

experts, found that about 500 participants are indispensable for attending

the Swearing-in Ceremony. He also submitted that in the abovesaid

ceremony, the Secretaries of various Departments, Government of Kerala

upto the level of Principal Secretary are invited, police officers upto the

level of Director General of Police are invited, Senior Law Officers are

invited, MLAs are also invited.

10. Learned State Attorney further submitted that instant writ petition

is a politically motivated writ petition, since the Chairperson, State

Executive Committee, State Disaster Management Authority has taken

note of situation in the State. He also submitted that Government of

Kerala have taken all steps to prevent the spread of COVID-19 Pandemic

and it is being one of the exclusive States. When the Chairperson, State

Executive Committee, State Disaster Management Authority has taken

note of all the ground realities and issued the impugned Government order

dated 17.05.2021, there is no reason to interfere the same. For the

foregoing reasons, he prayed for dismissal of the writ petition.

11. Heard learned counsel for the parties and perused the pleadings

and material available on record.

12. Disaster Management Act, 2005 is an Act to provide for the

effective management of disasters and for matters connected therewith or

incidental thereto. This Act extends to the whole of India. The Act has

come into force on such date as the Central Government may, by

notification in the Official Gazette appoint; and different dates may be

appointed for different provisions of the Act and for different States, and

any reference to commencement in any provisions of this Act in relation to

any State shall be construed as a reference to the commencement of that

provision in that State.

13. Section 14 of the Disaster Management Act, 2005 reads thus:

"14. Establishment of State Disaster Management Authority.- (1) Every State Government shall, as soon as may be after the issue of the notification under sub-section (1) of section 3, by notification in the Official Gazette, establish a State Disaster Management Authority for the State with such name as may be specified in the notification of the State Government.

(2) A State Authority shall consist of the Chairperson and such number of other members, not exceeding nine, as may be prescribed by the State Government and, unless the rules otherwise provide, the State Authority shall consist of the following members, namely:--

(a) the Chief Minister of the State, who shall be Chairperson, ex officio;

(b) other members, not exceeding eight, to be nominated by the Chairperson of the State Authority;

(c) the Chairperson of the State Executive Committee, ex officio.

(3) The Chairperson of the State Authority may designate one of the members nominated under clause (b) of sub- section (2) to be the Vice-Chairperson of the State Authority. (4) The Chairperson of the State Executive Committee shall be the Chief Executive Officer of the State Authority, ex officio:

Provided that in the case of a Union territory having Legislative Assembly, except the Union territory of Delhi, the Chief Minister shall be the Chairperson of the Authority established under this section and in case of other Union territories, the Lieutenant Governor or the Administrator shall be the Chairperson of that Authority:

Provided further that the Lieutenant Governor of the Union territory of Delhi shall be the Chairperson and the Chief Minister thereof shall be the Vice-Chairperson of the State Authority.

(5) The term of office and conditions of service of members of the State Authority shall be such as may be prescribed."

14. Section 18 of the Disaster Management Act, 2005 reads thus:

"18. Powers and functions of State Authority.- (1) Subject to the provisions of this Act, a State Authority shall have the responsibility for laying down policies and plans for disaster management in the State.

(2) Without prejudice to the generality of provisions contained in sub-section (1), the State Authority may--

(a) lay down the State disaster management policy;

(b) approve the State Plan in accordance with the guidelines laid down by the National Authority;

(c) approve the disaster management plans prepared by the departments of the Government of the State;

(d) lay down guidelines to be followed by the departments of the Government of the State for the purposes of integration of measures for prevention of disasters and mitigation in their development plans and projects and provide necessary technical assistance therefor;

(e) coordinate the implementation of the State Plan;

(f) recommend provision of funds for mitigation and preparedness measures;

(g) review the development plans of the different departments of the State and ensure that prevention and mitigation measures are integrated therein;

(h) review the measures being taken for mitigation, capacity building and preparedness by the departments of the Government of the State and issue such guidelines as may be necessary.

(3) The Chairperson of the State Authority shall, in the case of emergency, have power to exercise all or any of the powers of the State Authority but the exercise of such powers shall be subject to ex post facto ratification of the State Authority."

15. Section 20 of the Disaster Management Act, 2005 reads thus:

"20. Constitution of State Executive Committee.- (1) The State Government shall, immediately after issue of notification under sub-section (1) of section 14, constitute a State Executive Committee to assist the State Authority in the performance of its functions and to coordinate action in accordance with the guidelines laid down by the State Authority and ensure the compliance of directions issued by the State Government under this Act.

(2) The State Executive Committee shall consist of the following members, namely:--

(a) the Chief Secretary to the State Government, who shall be Chairperson, ex officio;

(b) four Secretaries to the Government of the State of such departments as the State Government may think fit, ex officio.

(3) The Chairperson of the State Executive Committee shall exercise such powers and perform such functions as may be prescribed by the State Government and such other powers and functions as may be delegated to him by the State Authority.

(4) The procedure to be followed by the State Executive Committee in exercise of its powers and discharge of its

functions shall be such as may be prescribed by the State Government."

16. Section 23 of the Disaster Management Act, 2005 reads thus:

"23. State Plan.- (1) There shall be a plan for disaster management for every State to be called the State Disaster Management Plan.

(2) The State Plan shall be prepared by the State Executive Committee having regard to the guidelines laid down by the National Authority and after such consultation with local authorities, district authorities and the people's representatives as the State Executive Committee may deem fit.

(3) The State Plan prepared by the State Executive Committee under sub-section (2) shall be approved by the State Authority.

(4) The State Plan shall include,--

(a) the vulnerability of different parts of the State to different forms of disasters;

(b) the measures to be adopted for prevention and mitigation of disasters;

(c) the manner in which the mitigation measures shall be integrated with the development plans and projects;

(d) the capacity-building and preparedness measures to be taken;

(e) the roles and responsibilities of each Department of the Government of the State in relation to the measures specified in clauses (b), (c) and (d) above;

(f) the roles and responsibilities of different Departments of the Government of the State in responding to any threatening disaster situation or disaster. (5) The State Plan shall be reviewed and updated annually. (6) Appropriate provisions shall be made by the State Government for financing for the measures to be carried out under the State Plan.

(7) Copies of the State Plan referred to in sub-sections (2) and (5) shall be made available to the Departments of the

Government of the State and such Departments shall draw up their own plans in accordance with the State Plan."

17. COVID-19 entered the world in March, 2020. It has infected

several crores of people across the world, taken away lakhs of lives,

appeared to have sub merged in India, surged back with all vigour,

intensity and velocity from April, 2021, by mutations, infected people

rapidly and the Test Positivity Rate is alarming.

18. In support of the above, judicial notice can be taken from the

official website of Kerala Government COVID-19, as regards number of

persons infected, discharged, died, and active cases, at the time when the

State Government have issued Government orders dated 06.05.2021,

07.05.2021, 08.05.2021, 10.05.2021, 11.05.2021, 12.05.2021,

13.05.2021, 14.05.2021 and 17.05.2021, the last of which issued

exclusively for the swearing-in ceremony of the Hon'ble the Chief Minister

and other Cabinet Ministers, numbering 21.

19. A consolidated chart of infected, recovered, active and death,

cases are reproduced hereunder:

GoK Dashboard / Official Kerala COVID-19 Statistics

May 2021

Date Confirmed Recovered Active Death

2 31959 16296 339441 49

3 26011 19519 345887 45

4 37190 26148 356872 57

5 41953 23106 375658 58

6 42464 27152 390906 63

7 38460 26662 402650 54

8 41971 27456 417101 64

9 35801 29318 423514 68

10 27487 31209 419726 65

11 37290 32978 423957 79

12 43529 34600 432789 95

13 39955 33733 438913 97

14 34694 31319 442194 93

15 32680 29442 445334 96

16 29704 34296 440652 89

17 21402 99651 362315 87

18 31337 45926 347626 97

20. Particulars seen from the official website of Kerala Government

COVID-19 statistics between 06.05.2021 and 17.05.2021 as regards the

number of cases district-wise are as under:

DATE: 06-05-2021

DISTRICT CONFIRMED RECOVERED DEATH ACTIVE

ERNAKULAM 6506 2999 2 53489

TVPM 3969 2389 14 37893

DATE: 14-05-2021

DISTRICT CONFIRMED RECOVERED DEATH ACTIVE

ERNAKULAM 3855 3341 19 37893

TVPM 4567 2802 5 53489

DATE: 17-05-2021

DISTRICT CONFIRMED RECOVERED DEATH ACTIVE

ERNAKULAM 2315 14900 10 37893

TVPM 2364 16100 22 50172

21. Pleadings and submissions disclose that taking note of the

uncontrollable surge of COVID-19 cases, Government have issued G.O.

(Rt) No.404/2021/DMD dated 06.05.2021 with the following conditions in

the form of Annexure.

GOVERNMENT OF KERALA Abstract Disaster Management Department - Covid-19 - containment activities-lock down in the State from 8th May 2021-orders issued.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

DISASTER MANAGEMENT (A) DEPARTMENT G.O.(Rt)No.404/2021/DMD Dated, Thiruvananthapuram, 06/05/2021 Read:- GO(Ms)No.12/2020/DMD dated 26.03.2020.

ORDER As per the Government Order read above, the entire State of Kerala was declared as COVID-19 affected. Various measures are being taken in the State to contain the spread of COVID-19 which interalia include certain restrictions in the normal activities of general public to ensure proper physical distancing. Now it is felt that more regulations are necessary to ensure proper physical distancing, the best possible way to contain the spread of Novel Corona Virus.

2) Hence in exercise of the powers conferred under section 20(3) of the Disaster Management Act 2005, the undersigned in his capacity as Chairperson, State Executive Committee, State Disaster Management Authority hereby notifies lockdown in the entire state of Kerala with effect from 0600 Hrs of 8th May-2021 till 2359 Hrs of 16.05.2021 prescribing the annexed regulations and measures during the said period to all Departments, District Collectors, Superintendents of Police and Heads of Departments for strict implementation in the State of Kerala.

3) Any persons violating these measures will be liable to be proceeded against as per the relevant provisions of Disaster Management Act, 2005, Kerala Epidemic Diseases Ordinance 2020 and other relevant laws in force.

(By order of the Governor) DR. V P JOY CHIEF SECRETARY"

Annexure to G O (Rt)404./2021/DMD dated 06/05/2021. Guidelines on the measures to be taken by Officers of Government of India/Departments of Government of Kerala.

1. Officers of Government of India, its autonomous and subordinate offices and public corporations shall remain closed.

Exceptions:

Defence, Central Armed Police Forces, Treasury, Public Utilities (including petroleum, CNG, LPG, PNG), Disaster Management, Power Generation and transmission units, Postal department and post offices, National Informatics Centre, Early warning Agencies, Food Corporation of India, Indian Metrological Department, Doordarshan, All India Radio, Central Water Commissioner, National Cyclone Risk Mitigation Project (MPCS and EWDS works), Airport Authority of India, Airport, Seaport, Railways.

2. Offices of the Government of Kerala, its autonomous and subordinate offices and public corporations shall remain closed.

Exceptions:

i. Health, Ayush, Revenue, LSGD, Food and Civil Supplies, Industries, Labour, Zoo, Kerala IT mission, Irrigation, Veterinary Services, Social Justice Institutions, Printing, Insurance Medical Services.

ii. Police, Excise, Home Guards, Civil Defence, Fire & emergency Services, Disaster Management, Forest and prisons.

iii. District Collectorate and Treasury.

iv. Electricity, Water Resources, Sanitation.

All the above departments except those involved in Covid management shall minimise the staff requirements.

3. Hospitals and all related medical establishments, including their manufacturing and distribution units, both in public and private sector such as dispensaries, chemists and medical equipment shops, laboratories, clinics, nursing homes, ambulance etc. will continue to remain functional. The transportation for all medical personnel, nurses, para medical staff, other hospital services be permitted.

4. Agricultural, horticultural, fisheries, plantation and animal husbandry activities shall be permitted with minimum movement of persons. Procurement and marketing of perishable agricultural commodities shall be permitted.

5. Commercial and private establishments shall be closed down. Exceptions:

i. Shops including ration shops (under PDS) dealing with good, groceries, fruits and vegetables, dairy products, meat and fish, animal fodder, poultry and cattle feed, bakeries. However, district authorities may encourage and facilitate home delivery to minimise the movement of individuals outside their homes. All shops shall be closed by 7:30 PM (except those relating to clause 3 above) ii. Banks, insurance and financial services from 10 AM to 1 PM only for public with minimal staff upto 2 PM.

iii. Print and electronic media.

iv. Cable service and DTH v. Telecommunications, internet services, broadcasting and cable services, IT and IT enabled services.

vi. Delivery of all essential goods including food, pharmaceutical, medical equipment through e commerce and home delivery. vii. Petrol pumps, LPG, petroleum and gas retail and storage outlets.

viii.Power generation, transmission and distribution units and services. ix. Capital and debt market services as notified by the Securities and Exchange Board of India x. Cold storage and warehousing services xi. Private Security Services.

xii. Supply of hygiene materials.

xiii.Private establishments involved in the production and supply of equipment required to contain COVID-19 including masks, sanitizers, drugs, personal protective equipments (PPE) etc. xiv. Co-operative credit societies.

xv. E-commerce, courier including the vehicles for this purpose. xvi. Repair services of essential equipments including vehicles. xvii. Toll booths, Marine fishing, Inland fisheries and aquaculture.

xviii. Palliative care services.

5. Industrial establishments will remain closed.

Exceptions:

i. Manufacturing units of essential commodities ii. Production units which require continuous process 24*7 iii. Units manufacturing medical supplies including medical Oxygen cylinders or cylinders or industrial gas cylinders, Units converting industrial gas cylinders into medical oxygen cylinders. iv. Manufacturing units involved in exports to other countries.

6. All roadways and water ways transport services will remain suspended. Air and rail services (Except Metro) will remain operational. Exceptions:

i. Goods transport will continue.

ii. Fire, Law and order and emergency services.

iii. Use of taxis and auto rickshaws including Uber, Ola etc will be permitted only for procurement of essential commodities, medicines and for

attending to medical emergencies as well as transport from/to airports and railway stations (with proof of ticket).

iv. Plying of private vehicles shall be allowed only to the extent of procuring essential commodities, medicines and for other activities permitted under this order.

v. Private vehicles for persons travelling for vaccination against COVID-19 (showing their vaccination registration), movement of persons from other states / countries to destination from railway station and airport (with proof of ticket) vi. Interstate road transport is allowed for goods and emergency services. For inerstate road transport of individuals on emergency purposes, registration on Covid 19 Jagratha portal is mandatory.

7. Hospitality services to remain suspended.

Exceptions:

i. Hotels, Home stays lodges and motels which are accommodating

tourists and person stranded due to lock down, medical and emergency

staff, air and sea crew

ii. Establishments earmarked for quarantine facilities.

8. All educational, training, research, coaching institutions etc. shall remain closed.

9. All places of worship shall be closed for public.

10. All social /political /sports/entertainment/academic/cultural/religious gatherings shall be barred.

11. In case of funeral congregation of not more than 20 persons will be permitted. Details may be registered in the covid19 jagratha portal.

12. In case of pre fixed marriages not more than 20 persons can be permitted with strict social distancing protocol. Advance intimation to the nearest Police

station shall be given and details shall be entered in the covid19 jagratha portal.

13.Movement of volunteers connected with the COVID-19 activities shall be permitted.

14. Technicians (On call electrical and plumbing services) shall be permitted.

15. Pre-monsoon preparedness works, including cleaning works, shall be permitted.

16. Movement of House helps and caregivers for elderly and bedridden persons shall be permitted.

17. Construction and maintenance works shall be permitted. MGNREGA and Ayyankali Employment Guarantee Scheme works with groups upto 5 persons maintaining Covid protocols shall be permitted. Transportation of workers to the site adhering to Covid protocols will also be permitted. However, such transportation may be minimised.

18. Wherever exceptions to the above containment measures have been allowed, the organisation/employers must ensure necessary precautions against COVID-19 virus, as well as physical distancing measures as advised by the Health department from time to time.

19. In order to implement these measures, the District Collectors will deploy Sectorial Magistrates and Incident Commanders in the respective local jurisdictions. The Incident Commander will be responsible for the overall implementation of these measures in their respective jurisdiction. All other line department officials in the specified area will work under the directions of such Incident Commander.

20. All enforcing authorities to note that these strict restrictions fundamentally relate to movement of people but not to that of essential goods.

21. The Incident Commanders will in particular ensure that all the efforts for mobilisation of resources, workers and materials for augmentation and expansion of hospital infrastructure shall continue without any hindrance.

22. Thus, initially, Government have held that a lockdown from 8th

May, 2021 to 16th May, 2021 was necessary with the above conditions.

Giving due consideration to the rise in infection, death and the measures

taken for providing vaccination, shortage of vaccine, and such factors,

Government have decided to impose stringent conditions and thus,

resorted to Triple Lockdown in four districts viz., Thiruvananthapuram,

Ernakulam, Thrissur and Malappuram and lockdown for other districts with

the following conditions in G.O.(Rt) No.416/2021/DMD dated 14.05.2021:

"GOVERNMENT OF KERALA Abstract GAD- Covid-19 - containment activities- second phase lock down in the State from 16th May-2021 to 23 rd May-2021-orders issued.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

DISASTER MANAGEMENT (A) DEPARTMENT G.O.(Rt)No.416/2021/DMD Dated,Thiruvananthapuram, 14/05/2021

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- READ 1 GO(Rt) No.404/2021/DMD dated 06.05.2021

ORDER

As per Government Orders referred above, certain restrictions in the form of Lockdown are being implemented in the State from 8th to 16th May-2021 to contain the spread of COVID-19 pandemic. Now it is observed that the Test Positivity Rate (TPR) of the disease has not shown any significant decrease so far.

Hence, in exercise of the powers conferred under section 20 (3) of the Disaster Management Act 2005, the undersigned in his capacity as Chairperson,

State Executive Committee, State Disaster Management Authority hereby orders extension of the State-wide lockdown from 00:00 Hrs of 17th May-2021 to 23:59 Hrs of 23rd May-2021.

Apart from the guidelines of lockdown detailed in the government orders read above, following additional guidelines are issued for implementing the restrictions during the extended period:

i. Special intensified stringent restrictions shall be enforced in the districts of Thiruvananthapuram, Ernakulam, Thrissur and Malappuram where infections show upward trend. All District Disaster Management Authorities shall analyse the situation within the districts and implement stringent containment measures wherever required.

ii. Sale and transportation of Natural rubber will be allowed on Monday (17.5.2021) and Friday (21.5.2021).

iii. Shops selling construction materials, including plumbing and electrical materials, will be allowed to function from 11 am to 6 pm observing strict COVID- 19 protocols.

iv. Delivery of books through e-commerce/home delivery is allowed.

v. Staff in Law Department and Legislature Secretariat engaged in the preparation of Governor's Address and the session of Legislative Assembly respectively shall be included in the essential category for attending office.

Any persons violating the regulations will be liable to be proceeded against as per the relevant provisions of Disaster Management Act-2005, Kerala Epidemic Diseases Ordinance-2021 and other relevant laws in force.

(By order of the Governor) DR. V P JOY CHIEF SECRETARY"

23. The above conditions would apply to all, with the exclusions

specified therein. At this juncture, it could be noticed that even in the case

of a marriage and death function, the number of persons permitted to

attend is very very less. Even though the dear and near relatives of the

person would be desirous of participating in a marriage, the number is

restricted to 20. In the case of death, it is restricted to a bare minimum of

20. The former is a function, and the latter is the final rites. It would be

pertinent to reproduce clauses 10, 11 and 12 in the annexure to

Government order dated 06.05.2021:

"10. All social /political /sports/ entertainment/ academic/cultural/religious gatherings shall be barred.

11. In case of funeral congregation of not more than 20 persons will be permitted. Details may be registered in the covid19 jagratha portal.

12. In case of pre fixed marriages not more than 20 persons can be permitted with strict social distancing protocol. Advance intimation to the nearest Police station shall be given and details shall be entered in the covid19 jagratha portal."

23.A. Government order dated 17.05.2021 reads thus:

File No.DMA3/230/2021-DMD GOVERNMENT OF KERALA Abstract GAD- Covid-19 - containment activities- Swearing in ceremony of the new Council of Ministers, Kerala- exemption from lockdown restrictions-orders issued.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

DISASTER MANAGEMENT (A) DEPARTMENT G.O.(Rt)No.427/2021/DMD Dated,Thiruvananthapuram, 17/05/2021

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Read 1 GO (Rt) No. 416/2021/DMD dated 14.05.2021 2 Proceedings no. DDMA/COVID/01/2020-H2 dated 16.05.2021 of District Collector and Chairperson, DDMA, Thiruvananthapuram

ORDER

Government proposes to conduct the swearing-in ceremony of the new Council of Ministers at 3.30 pm in Central Stadium, Thiruvananthapuram on 20th May-2021 following COVID-19 protocols. Therefore, in exercise of the powers conferred under section 20 (3) of the Disaster Management Act 2005, the undersigned in his capacity as Chairperson, State Executive Committee, State Disaster Management Authority hereby prescribe the following restrictions for the swearing in ceremony on 20th May-2021 and the activities connected with the ceremony at Central Stadium, Thiruvananthapuram, in partial relaxation of the orders read above :

i. The Central Stadium has a seating capacity of 1000 observing the Covid protocols. However. the number of participants shall be limited to 500. ii. Entry to the function site shall strictly be regulated through entry pass. iii. Entry and exit of invitees shall be regulated as per existing physical distancing norms. iv. Entire seating arrangements,including on stage, shall be made as per existing COVID-19 protocol.

v. Entry to the Central Stadium shall be limited only to persons having RTPCR/TRUNAT/RT LAMP negative results obtained within 48 hours or on production of final certificate of COVID vaccination. vi. Testing facility for CODID 19 shall also be arranged near the venue. Vii. All participants shall wear double masks and shall not remove the same during the entire duration of the event.

Viii. No refreshment/drinking water will be served inside the venue. Drinking water shall be made available at select points.

ix. The invitees are permitted to travel to attend the function with the authorisation of the invitation card and car pass issued from GAD.

(By order or Governor) Dr. V.P.Joy CHIEF SECRETARY"

24. The contention made by Mr. K.V.Sohan, learned State Attorney,

is that a swearing-in ceremony is a constitutional function and, therefore, it

is required to be performed in a dignified manner, by inviting constitutional

authorities, Government officials and others.

25. Referring to the conditions/restrictions imposed by the State

Disaster Management Authority viz., the Chief Secretary to Government of

Kerala, Mr. K.V.Sohan, learned State Attorney submitted that sufficient

safeguards are taken, in order to avoid any spread of the disease

According to them, though the programme is scheduled in a stadium

which can accommodate more number of people. Nevertheless, only 500

persons are invited. Persons participating the function have to take RT-

PCR test before 48 hours.

26. Learned State Attorney further submitted that Government order

dated 14.05.2021 is superseded by the latter Government order dated

17.05.2021.

27. Though Mr. K.V.Sohan, learned State Attorney described the

function as a constitutional function and, therefore, to be conducted in a

dignified manner, we observe that except His Excellency, the officials

attached to his office, Hon'ble Ministers, who are to be administered the

Oath of office, and the required Government officials to assist the

performance of the programme, His Excellency the Governor, no other

persons have to be allowed to participate in the swearing-in ceremony.

28. We observe that dignity will not be lost when the swearing-in

ceremony is witnessed from home. and not a political function of a

party/parties, such function can be conducted, in a dignified manner, even

in the absence of many, who are not part and parcel of the performance of

the ceremony but only to witness the ceremony.

29. Contention of the learned State Attorney that G.O.(Rt.)

No.427/2021/DMD dated 17.05.2021 has superseded the Government

order dated 14.05.2021 does not lay any support, for the reason that

perusal of the latter Government order shows that only a reference has

been made to the former Government order.

30. Contention of the learned State Attorney that adequate

measures are taken to prevent the spread of COVID-19 for conducting the

function, in an open stadium, by maintaining social distancing, as well as

checking the invitees by conducting the required RT-PCR tests. If such a

contention is accepted, then even marriages can be performed with the

participation of 500 people with RT-PCR test conducted 48 hours before

solemnisation of the marriage in any big Marriage Hall or open place,

which can accommodate people more than 500. So also, the final rites

and obsequies ceremonies, in the case of death. We do not see any

difference as to whether it is a Government function or family function or

ceremony, in relation to death and the contentions of the learned State

Attorney as regards the nature of the function or ceremony, as the case

may be, cannot be countenanced in entirely. Even going by the restrictions

imposed in the Government Order dated 06.05.2021 and 14.05.2021

respectively, though it is described as a constitutional function as per the

version of learned State Attorney, such large gathering cannot be

permitted.

31. Surge of Covid-19 pandemic is reflected in the statistics of the

Government of Kerala. Purpose of lock down/triple lock down known to

the Government. That is why, such stringent conditions are imposed on

the public, applicable to all citizens. The restrictions should not be

diluted, or in other words, altered, by the Government, solely for the

swearing-in-ceremony.

32. We may also add that Government function cannot be converted

into a public or political function.

33. In normal circumstances, it is expected that Swearing-in

Ceremony would take place with more number of participants, but, taking

note of the statistics of cases, as detailed above, pleadings and

submissions, we have to consider the following aspects. Whether all

those persons invited are required to be present for the performance of the

ceremony or those categories of persons invited are only to witness the

Swearing-in Ceremony.

34. It may be the desire of an elected MLA of a political

party/parties which forms the Government to be present in the ceremony

of their Government and in such circumstances, it is for the party or parties

to decide as to whether, presence of all the MLA is required along with

their spouses, for witnessing the ceremony. We are unable to understand

as to why the spouses or relatives of each of the MLAs are required to be

present in the ceremony and when they are not, indispensable, either for

the performance of the ceremony or for witnessing. Considering the

present COVID-19 Pandemic situation, velocity and vigour of the virus,

Test Positivity Rate in various Districts, uncontrolled rise in the death, etc.,

we are of the view that such persons ought not to have been included in

the list of participants.

35. At this juncture, we categorically observe that there is no

necessity for the spouses of the MLAs to be present in the Swearing-in

Ceremony. At the same time, it may be a proud moment, for the spouses

or the relative of the designated Ministers to be present in the ceremony.

36. Though the learned State Attorney submitted that instant writ

petition is politically motivated, we are not inclined to accept the said

contention for the reason that there is certainly a public interest involved in

the lis.

37. Though the learned State Attorney submitted that all the invitees

would be subjected to RT-PCR test, we are not inclined to accept the said

submission also, for the reason that there is no substantial change in the

number of infected in active cases from 06.05.2021 to 17.05.2021.

Needless to say, the increase in the number of death, warranting the

Chairperson, State Executive Committee, State Disaster Management

Authority, to come to the conclusion that Swearing-in Ceremony can be

performed with the restrictions stated in the impugned Government order

dated 17.05.2021.

38. Though the learned State Attorney submitted that the

Chairperson, State Executive Committee, State Disaster Management

Authority has issued the abovesaid Government order dated 17.05.2021,

after consulting with the experts, perusal of the said Government order

does not indicate even a reference to the opinion of any expert,

particularly medical experts. Besides, when COVID-19 Pandemic situation

is worsening in all the parts of the country, including Kerala, though

claimed to be one of the defenders, at some point of time, the present

Pandemic situation would not permit any authority to conduct a

Government function much less, even a Swearing-in Ceremony of the new

Council of Ministers, with such a large gathering of 500 persons.

39. Though this Court has repeatedly posed a question to the

learned State Attorney as to the category of persons invited, which

according to the learned counsel for the petitioner that all the State

Committee members of the political parties have been invited, there is no

clear answer from the learned State Attorney, except to state that such

details are not readily available. It is the submission of the learned State

Attorney that the maximum number of persons would be slightly more than

350, however, the restrictions imposed in the Government Order would be

strictly implemented.

In the light of the above discussion, we are not inclined to quash

the Government order dated 17.05.2021, in its entirety, but dispose of the

writ petition, with the following directions.

(i) All the Covid protocols/guidelines/circulars/notifications issued on 06.05.20201 and 14.05.2021 have to be adhered to or strictly followed by the State Government while conducting the Swearing-in Ceremony.

(ii) Political parties shall take a decision as to whether all the MLAs are required to be present in the Swearing-in Ceremony.

(iii) The spouses and relatives of all the MLAs, except the designated Ministers are not required to participate in the Swearing-in Ceremony. The ceremony can be viewed from the residence of the respective MLAs.

(iv) Government officials required for the performance/ participation in the ceremony alone shall be permitted.

(v) As the Government have not come out with the details of special invitees, other than the Hon'ble Judges, Secretaries to the Government up to the level of Principal Secretaries, Police officials up to the level of Additional Director General of Police, Senior Law Officers, stated supra, Chief Secretary, Government of Kerala shall consider whether the presence of all the special invitees, including the member of the State Committee of the political parties are required to be present, in view of the utmost adverse situations prevailing due to the pandemic. The above direction applies to all the special invitees including persons who have contributed to the Hon'ble Chief Minister's Disaster Relief Fund.

Though States like West Bengal and Tamil Nadu, with more number of Legislators in the Assembly have performed the Swearing-in Ceremony with lesser number, Government of Kerala, a forerunner in Covid-19 management, should restrict the number to the maximum to avoid the widespread COVID-19.

Sd/-

S. MANIKUMAR CHIEF JUSTICE

Sd/-

SHAJI P. CHALY, JUDGE krj

APPENDIX

PETITIONER'S EXHIBITS:-

P1:- TRUE COPY OF THE GUIDELINES ISSUED BY THE GOVERNMENT DATED 6.5.2021.

P2:- TRUE COPY OF THE ORDER ISSUED BY THE GOVERNMENT DATED 14.05.2021.

P3:- TRUE COPY OF THE REPRESENTATION SUBMITTED BY THE PETITIONER BEFORE THE CHIEF SECRETARY DATED 15.05.2021.

P4:- ENGLISH TRANSLATION OF EXHIBIT-P3.

P5:- TRUE COPY OF THE REPRESENTATION DATED 15.5.2021

P6:- ENGLISH TRANSLATION OF EXHIBIT-P5.