Citation : 2021 Latest Caselaw 13009 Guj
Judgement Date : 1 September, 2021
C/SCA/2118/2018 JUDGMENT DATED: 01/09/2021
IN THE HIGH COURT OF GUJARAT AT AHMEDABAD
R/SPECIAL CIVIL APPLICATION NO. 2118 of 2018
With
R/SPECIAL CIVIL APPLICATION NO. 18771 of 2019
FOR APPROVAL AND SIGNATURE:
HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE BHARGAV D. KARIA
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1 Whether Reporters of Local Papers may be allowed
to see the judgment ?
2 To be referred to the Reporter or not ?
3 Whether their Lordships wish to see the fair copy
of the judgment ?
4 Whether this case involves a substantial question
of law as to the interpretation of the Constitution
of India or any order made thereunder ?
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DESHABHAI RAMABHAI DANGAR
Versus
STATE OF GUJARAT & 3 other(s)
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Appearance:
MR NEERAJ J VASU(3159) for the Petitioner(s) No. 1
GIRISH K PATEL(2770) for the Respondent(s) No. 4
MR KURVEN DESAI, ASST. GOVERNMENT PLEADER(1) for the
Respondent(s) No. 1,2,3
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CORAM:HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE BHARGAV D. KARIA
Date : 01/09/2021
ORAL JUDGMENT
Heard learned advocate Mr.Neeraj Vasu for the petitioner, learned Assistant Government Pleader Mr.Kurven Desai for the respondent Nos.1, 2 and 3
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and learned advocate Mr.Girish Patel for the respondent No.4.
2. Rule returnable forthwith. Learned AGP Mr.Desai waives service of notice of rule for the respondent Nos.1, 2 and 3 and learned advocate Mr.Girish Patel waives service of notice of rule for the respondent No.4.
3. The petitioners of both the petitions have prayed for quashing ad setting of the orders passed by the respondent authorities denying higher pay scale and further to direct the respondents to fix and pay the full pension and retiral benefits to the petitioners on the basis of both the higher pay scales and to pay the same regularly to the petitioner with all consequential benefits.
3.1 The petitioner of Special Civil Application No.2118 of 2018 has also prayed for directing the respondent authorities to pay the amount of 10% gratuity and 1/3rd amount with 18% interest thereon and further to direct the respondent authorities to issue revised last pay certificate after including both the higher pay scale.
4. The facts of both the petitions are identical and hence the same are heard analogously and are being disposed of by this common order. For the
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sake of convenience, the Special Civil Application No.2118 of 2018 is treated as a lead case.
5. The brief facts of the case are as under :
5.1 The petitioner is holding qualification of SSC and came to be appointed as Assistant Teacher (Untrained) on 23.01.1981 by the respondent No.4 on the pay-scale of untrained Teacher.
5.2 The petitioner was appointed as Sanchalak and for the period 1972 to 1981 and he was working on the said post till he was absorbed as primary teacher vide common order dated 12.01.1981. That name of the Petitioner was at Serial No.13 in the said order dated 12.01.1981.
5.3 After being appointed as the Assistant Teacher (untrained), by order dated 17/09.12.1994 passed by the respondent No.3 Director of Primary Education, the petitioner as well as other teachers were granted admission for getting necessary training in the Adhyapan Mandir at their own costs. It is pertinent to note that by order dated 25.01.1995 respondent No.4 herein ordered that the teachers who are aged 40 years or more, for those teachers the order with regard to training is cancelled. The petitioner at that point of time was above 40 years of age and
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therefore, he was not required to undergo the training.
5.4 Pursuant to the appointment order, the petitioner was posted at Lushan Primary School, Tal. Vanthali, which was under the control of respondent No.4. The petitioner has also participated in training and has also given training in his career as an Assistant Teacher but the petitioner was given pay-scale of untrained teacher.
5.5 The respondent State has floated a policy with regard to higher pay-scale to employees who have no promotional avenues vide various resolutions. In this regard, various resolutions have been passed by the respondent- State viz., 19.06.1987, 05.07.1991, 29.04.1992, 16.08.1994, 14.08.1998, 16.04.1998, 14.06.2005, etc. In the resolution dated 16.08.1994 in Clause 3.32, it has been categorically indicated that the untrained teachers are also entitled to have the benefit of the higher pay-scales. The petitioner was granted the benefits of both the 1st and 2nd higher pay-scales as per the resolutions passed by the Government as there is no promotional avenue and the petitioner did not get any promotion. The petitioner was given the first higher pay-scale w.e.f. 28.01.1990, whereas the second higher pay-scale was fixed w.e.f. 27.01.2001.
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5.6 The petitioner has attained age of superannuation on 31.08.2005 but he was granted the benefit of term end and was relieved from service on 31.10.2005. In fact, for all purpose to come the date of retirement would be counted as 31.08.2005 and accordingly, all the benefits are to be given as per the same.
5.7 On being retired on 31.10.2005, pension papers were prepared for petitioner and a last pay certificate was issued. As per the last pay certificate issued on 31.10.2005, Petitioner was getting Rs.10,484/- including basic pay of Rs.5,600/-. Although pension papers were prepared and sent for approval, same were rejected vide order dated 18.11.2005. Vide order dated 22.05.2006, Respondent No.4 herein fixed provisional pension of Petitioner at Rs.2,121/- till the final approval of the pension papers.
5.8 Though the petitioner has been relieved from service, he has not been granted benefit of 10% gratuity and 1/3rd amount and he is made to suffer. The petitioner has written letter dated 19.09.2006 to Respondent No.4 herein inter alia requesting to grant pension after considering both the higher pay scales granted to him. The petitioner is not granted the retrial benefits taking into consideration the benefits of both the higher pay-scales.
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5.9 By communication dated 19.09.2006, addressed by the Local Fund Office to respondent No.4 herein, an objection was raised for seeking clarification from the higher authorities as to whether the petitioner is entitled to have the benefit of higher pay-scales or not as he was untrained and in this regard, in the said communication, it has been mentioned that the issue is pending before the Finance Department and District Primary Education Officer and no reply or clarification is received from the same.
5.10 Similarly, situated person Devkunverben M. Gondaliya who retired in the year 2003 has been granted the benefits of both the higher pay-scales and full pension has also been fixed and has been paid to the said Devkunvarben taking into consideration both the higher pay scales as the said employee had filed Special Civil Application No. 13553 of 1994. However, the petitioner who is similar to that of the said Devkunvarben is not granted the retrial benefits and also the full pension taking into consideration both the higher pay-scales. The respondents have passed orders that out of total length of service only 60% of service shall be considered for pension dehors the rule and in disregard to the principles of natural justice.
5.11 The Deputy Director of Primary Education
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by communication dated 21.08.2007 addressed to respondent no.4 herein referred the case of the similarly situated person like that of the petitioner to respondent No.4 by inter alia stating that the Education Department vide Resolution dated 16.04.1998 has resolved that the untrained primary teachers are required to be given the benefit of higher pay-scale and further directed the respondent No.4 to do further in pursuance of the resolution dated 16.4.1998 as is referred to in the communication dated 21.08.2007 by approving the higher pay-scale and to send the details thereto to the respondent No.3. The petitioner has been issued revised last pay certificate on 11.05.2015 wherein Petitioner's basic pay scale has been shown as Rs. 4590/and total payable amount is Rs.8,725/-.
6. Learned advocate Mr.Neeraj Vasu appearing for the petitioner, at the outset, submitted that the facts of the case of the petitioner are squarely covered as per the decision of this Court rendered in Special Civil Application No.6657 of 2010 in case of similarly situated teachers. It was submitted that this Court vide order dated 5th October, 2016 was pleased to quash and set aside the letters dated 19th November, 2009, 27th November, 2009 and 22nd December, 2009 and further directed the respondents to recompute the pension and other retiral benefits of the petitioners after extending the higher pay scales to them.
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6.1 It was submitted that the respondent No.4 challenged the aforesaid order by preferring a Letters Patent Appeal No.542 of 2017, which is also dismissed by the Division Bench of this Court vide order dated 14th November, 2017.
6.2 It was also submitted by the learned advocate Mr.Vasu that this Court vide order dated 4th September, 2017 passed in Letters Patent appeal No.1436 of 2017 confirmed and upheld the order dated 16th September, 2016 passed in Special Civil Application No.13660 of 2015, wherein also this Court quashed and set aside the order of cancellation and withdrawal of the pay scales granted earlier to the petitioner.
6.3 It was therefore, submitted that the case of the petitioner is squarely covered by the aforesaid orders as well as the resolution of the Government.
7. On the other hand, learned AGP Mr.Kurven Desai as well as learned advocate Mr.Girish Patel appearing for the respondent No.4 - District Education Officer relied upon the following averments made in the affidavit-in-reply filed on behalf of the respondent No.4 and submitted that the petitioner has challenged the impugned orders after nine years and no explanation is provided for the delay and moreover, as per the
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Government Resolution dated 30th October, 1980, the petitioner is required to undergo PTC training at his own expenses but the petitioner has failed to get the requisite qualification as per the said G.R. and therefore, the petitioner is not entitled for the relief prayed for in the petition :
"4. I say and submit that the Petitioner was working as a -- Samaj Sikshan Sanchalak from 1972 to 12-01-1981 in Adult Education classes. When National Adult Education Scheme came to be implemented, so such Adult Education classes were not required and it will be closed gradually. Therefore, the State of Gujarat, Education Department passed a Resolution dated 3010-1980 that Samaj Sikhan Sanchalako, who were having qualification of SCC will be absorbed in Primary Education as Un-trained teacher on the pay scale Of Rs. 260-350 on the condition that they shall pass the PTC training at their on expenses and till he pass PTC Training they will remained as Un-trained teacher. Copy of Resolution dt. 30-10-1980 is annexed hereto and marked as ANNEXURE - R/1 to this reply.
5. I say and submit that in view of the aforesaid Resolution dt. 30-10-1980, the Petitioner was appointed on 23-01-1981 on the condition that until he pass the PTC training, he will remain as untrained teacher in the pay scale of Rs. 260-350, copy of appointment order is already annexed as ANN. B, page 25 to the petition.
6. I say and submit that the petitioner was detailed for PTC training Centre, Mangrol at his own costs by order dt. 07-12-1994 and name of the petitioner is shown in the list at SI.
No. 17, copy of which is already annexed as
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ANN. C, page 31 to this petition. As petitioner did not undergone PTC training and having age more than 40 years, so he was continued in service as Un-trained teacher and his training was cancelled by order dt. 25-01-1995, vide ANN
-- D to the petition. Therefore, the Petitioner is entitled for pay as per untrained teacher and not as a Trained teacher.
7. I say and submit that in view of Resolution dt. 16-084994, clause No. 3.32, ANN. E, page 84, the Petitioner was given benefits of 1°* and 2™ Higher grade from 28-01-1990 and 27-01- 2001 respectively, vide ANN. F to this petition.
8. I say and submit that after reaching of superannuation, the Petitioner was retired on 31-102005, we have prepared pension paper s and sent for approval to Local Fund office, Junagadh, but same was rejected on the ground that the Petitioner is not entitled for higher grade as he was untrained teacher, vide order dt. 28-04-2006, therefore _ provisional pension was approved tot the Petition, Vide ANN. 1.
9. I say and submit that the Resp. No. 1 has been pleased to pass the impugned order dt. 19- 11-2009, directing to the Resp. No. 3, stating the 2™ higher grade is not acceptable and if first high grade is already granted, the same will be withdrawn and recovery is not possible but after giving hearing, revised pension is to be fixed after withdrawing higher grade, considering 60% of service period, vide Ann. A, page 21. In view of the order dt. 19-11-2009, the Resp. No. 3 passed order on 27-11-2009, directing me to implement the order dt. 19-11- 2009. Accordingly, we have passed the impugned order dt. 22-12-2009, Vide ANN. A.
10. I say and submit that the aforesaid impugned order of 2009, have been challenged by the Petitioner at belated stage after 9 years
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by way of present petition and after having accepted the pension. On these grounds, the present petition deserves to be dismissed.
11. I say and submit that as per Govt. Resolution dated 16-04-1998, a teacher who were untrained and joined service after 1972 and not having requisite qualification at the time of joining service and as per provisions of Higher Grade, on acquisition of the requisite qualification, they are entitled for higher grade. Those untrained teacher who have crossed 40 years age, training will be conducted covering the vacation period by conducting Special training programme. Thus, the petitioner was required to have training during vacation period, but he did not get the requisite training, so he is not entitled for higher grade as well as full pensionary benefits. Copy of GR dt. 16-04-1998 is already annexed as ANN. E, page 94 to the petition.
12. I say and submit that in the earlier proceedings in similar nature of case of other untrained teachers, i.e. Special Civil Application No. 6657/2010, 6662/2010 and 6973/ 2010 wherein this Hon'ble High Court was pleased to allow the said petitions, setting aside the impugned orders therein and to revise the pension after extending the benefits of higher grades by its order dt. 05-10-2016. The said order was assailed before the Hon'ble Division Bench of this Hon'ble Court by way of Letters Paten Appeal No. 1436 of 2017 & other allied matters, wherein the Hon'ble Division Bench have been pleased to confirm the order of the Ld. Single Judge by its order dt. 04- 092017, Ann. O, Page 135. I say and submit that during the aforesaid proceedings, the G..R. dt. 30-10-1980 was not produced, wherein it is specifically stated that the requisite qualification is necessary for getting all benefits of trained teacher. Therefore, it is prayed that G.R. dt. 30-10-1980 may be
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considered while deciding the issue."
7.1 Referring to the above averments, it was submitted that the petitioner is not entitled to get the same benefit as was given to other employees as the petitioner has failed to undergo the PTC training.
8. Having heard the learned advocates for the respective parties and having gone through the materials on record, the case of the petitioner seems to be squarely covered by the decision of the Division Bench of this Court (Coram: Honourable The Chief Justice Mr.R.Subhash Reddy and Honourable Mr.Justice Vipul M. Pancholi) in Letters Patent Appeal No.1436 of 2017 in Special Civil Application No.13660 of 2015, it is held as under :
"6. Having heard learned counsel for the parties, we have perused the other material on record. It may be true that he was untrained teacher on the date of his appointment but having appointed him by extending the benefit of regularization pursuant to the resolution of the government with effect from 30.10.1980 and continued service till the date of retirement, there appears to be no reason or justification on the part of the appellant for cancellation and withdrawal of the pay scales extended to the original petitioner. It is not in dispute that pursuant to clause 3(32) of the said resolution dated 16.8.1994, the higher pay scales were extended even to untrained teachers. As much as, the respondent-
original petitioner is granted the benefit of the first higher pay scale in the year
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1990 and the second higher pay scale was granted to him by order dated 17.8.2002, there is no reason for cancelling such an order. In view of the resolution dated 16.8.1994, when the untrained teachers were also extended the benefit of higher pay scales, all the more reason not to pass any order for cancellation against the person who was appointed in the year 1980 and also retired from service on attaining the age of superannuation.
7. In view of the above and in view of the findings recorded by the learned Single Judge, we do not find any error committed by the learned Single Judge so as to interfere with the said order. This Letters Patent Appeal is accordingly devoid of merits and the same deserves to be dismissed. Accordingly, the same is dismissed. Consequently, civil application also stands dismissed. No order as to costs."
8.1 Similarly, in Letters Patent Appeal No.445 of 2017 and other allied matters, the Division Bench of this Court (Coram: Honourable Mr.Justice M.R. Shah and Honourable Mr.Justice Biren Vaishnav) vide order dated 14th November, 2017 has held as under :
"10. Having considered the submissions of the learned advocates for the respective parties, what is to be noticed is as under:
A) Though the petitioner was
appointed as an untrained teacher,
and the condition of the
appointment order so stipulated that he would undergo training, evident it is from the communication dated 25.1.1995 issued by the appellant himself that in the event an incumbent attends the age of 40, he/she
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would be exempted from undergoing training. It is undisputed that the petitioner had attained the age of 40, his date of birth being 03.03.1950.
B) Even if the condition in the
Resolution of 16.4.1998 stipulated that
the untrained teacher had to undergo training, failing which only 60% of the service tenure would be counted for pension and an attempt be made to send the teachers above 40 years of age for training during vacation. It is an undisputed fact that in the case on hand, this condition of the Resolution was never implemented. The petitioner was never sent for training though so required by the condition of such resolution.
C) By orders dated 25.7.1994 and
20.7.2002, the petitioner was
granted the First Higher Grade
Scale and the Second Higher Grade
Scale with effect from 15.1.1990
and 15.1.2002. The petitioner
retired on superannuation in the year
2008 more than six years after the Second Higher Grade Scale was granted by the impugned orders recovery was sought to be made on the purported ground of such scale having been granted by mistake. According to the respondents, the petitioner being an untrained teacher was not entitled to such scale and hence the recovery.
D) Even pension was not fixed.
For computation of pension too what was
envisaged in the orders impugned that the service rendered by the petitioner would be reduced to 60% of the length of service for such computation.
11. Those conditions, therefore, invited
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serious civil consequences. Admittedly, an opportunity of hearing was not given to the petitioner before such orders were passed.
12. Taking into consideration all these
circumstances, what emerges is that the
petitioner was not granted the First
Higher Grade Scale and the Second
Higher Grade Scale. Admittedly, the
communication of 25.1.1995 issued by
the appellant himself provided that
when a candidate attained the age of
40, he/she would be exempted for training. Even the Resolution of 16.4.1998 provided that the candidate would be sent for training during vacation, those who had attained the age of 40, the learned Single Judge has rightly observed that no effort was made and that the condition as provided in the Resolution of 16.4.1998 was never executed.
13. Accordingly, therefore, there was
no hindrance for the respondents not
to award the First and the Second
Higher Grade Scales to the petitioner, who not only was exempted from undergoing training as provided in the communication of 25.1.1995 of the appellant itself. The impugned orders, therefore, which were challenged before the learned Single Judge which sought to recover the Higher Payscales and reduce the pension and other terminal benefits by reducing the total length of service to 60% were illegal.
14. The learned Single Judge, in our opinion, rightly for the reasons so advanced in the impugned judgment set aside the letters dated 19.11.2009, 27.11.2009 and 22.12.2009 denying the respondents the Higher Grade Payscales as also reducing the length of service to 60%.
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15. Accordingly, having agreed with the findings of the learned Single Judge, the Appeals stands dismissed. The resultant Civil Applications are also accordingly dismissed. The appellant is directed to recompute the pension and other retiral benefits of the respondent No.1 in the Appeals after extending to them the Higher Grade Payscales in accordance with the directions issued by the learned Single Judge. The exercise shall be carried out within a period of four weeks from the date of receipt of certified copy of this order."
8.2 In case of Kodiyatar Virabhai Dayabhai & 14 Vs. State of Gujarat & 7, this court (Coram: Honourable Mr.Justice N.V. Anjaria) vide order dated 30th September, 2016 in special Civil Application No.3073 of 2016 has held as under :
"5. The Resolution of the Education Department, State Government, dated 16th April, 1998 provide for a scheme for grant of higher pay-
scale to the untrained teachers. It is provided that when untrained teachers were recruited, at that time the qualified persons were not available. It was stated that their services continued for long and therefore giving them the benefit of pay-scale, etc., was under contemplation and it was provided that their service shall be continued and they would be sent for training at their own expense; until they are not given training, their 60% service tenure would be considered for the service benefit purpose and after completion of training, they would be entitled to all the benefits. It appears that on 30th March, 2007, the Director of Primary Education passed order dated the petitioners could be granted benefit having regard to the aforesaid provision of recognition of 60% of their service. At that
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time the issue which faced litigation was pending. Now, the position uncontrovertedly emerges is that the Letters Patent Appeal has been disposed of clearing the controversy, and the petitioners have never been sent for the training and they have been continued in service and are deprived of the trained pay- scale without any fault of their own.
5.1 In K.K. Gohil Vs State of Gujarat [(2015) 9 SCC 652] facts were that in terms of Government Resolution dated 16th August, 1994 higher grade scale was grantable to the employees who had completed nine years of service, which was to be on the basis of compliance of certain conditions including passing of departmental examination. The higher grade scale was liable to be withdrawn under the Resolution if an employee does not pass the examination. The departmental examination was not organised during the eligibility period for granting higher pay-scale. The Supreme Court held that the benefit could not be stalled on such ground. The appellant of that case was held eligible for getting higher pay- scale even though the departmental examination was not passed, as it was not conducted at all. The order by which the benefit was withdrawn was held unsustainable.
5.2 Similar principle was highlighted by this Court in Bhagatsinh Nathanael Mecwan Vs State of Gujarat being Special Civil Application No.2146 of 2009 decided on 31st March, 2009 in which this Court observed,
"... considering the fact that when since 1991, the departmental promotional examination has not been conducted by the respondent-State and when the petitioner was always ready and willing to appear in the examination and had twice filled up the form, petitioner cannot be denied the benefit of higher grade scale on
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completion of 9 (nine) years service solely on the ground that petitioner has not passed departmental promotional examination, which is not conducted by the State since 1991. To deny the benefit of higher grade scale to the petitioner on the ground that petitioner has not passed departmental promotional examination would be penalizing the petitioner/employee for their no fault. It is also required to be noted that even in the present Special Civil Application also, in paragraph 13 of petition, petitioner undertakes to appear and pass the examination within the prescribed trials whenever it is held. ..."
(Para 14)
6. Reverting back to the facts of this case, the condition of the appointment of the petitioners as reflected from the specimen appointment order on record, it was stipulated that after appointment the appointee had to undergo training as would be required and at his own expense. It was further provided that only one opportunity for offering training would be given and if appointee fails to attend the training, his services would be liable to be dispensed with. The petitioners never sent for training ever since they came to be appointed in the year 1990. For all these years they were ready and willing to go for training. Nothing prevented the authorities to send the petitioners for training. It is apparent that for no good reason and not on account of their fault that they petitioners have been deprived of the benefit of higher grade pay-scale. They have completed more than 25 years of services. The petitioners have stated that they are ready and willing to undergo training as and when asked for. It is for the respondents to decide on the aspect, however if and since the respondents have not conducted and have not sent the petitioner for training, for that
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reason they cannot deny the grant of benefit. The treatment is indeed rendered unreasonable and arbitrary to entitle the petitioners to relief in the facts and circumstances of the case and the principle laid down by the Court in the aforementioned decisions.
7. For the foregoing discussion, the petition deserves to be allowed. The same is allowed by directing,
(a) The competent respondent authority shall grant to the petitioners the benefit of scheme of higher grade scale under Education Department Resolution dated 16th April, 1998;
(b) The petitioners shall be given the scale of trained teacher as they have completed 25 years of services;
(c) Prayer in terms of 14(b) is allowed along with the aforesaid direction to grant to the petitioners the benefit of higher scale as has already been granted to the similarly situated other teachers in accordance with order dated 30th March, 2007 of the Director of Primary Education read with Government Resolution dated 16th April, 1998;
(d) It would be open for the respondent to send the petitioners of training;
(e) The benefit directed as (a), (b) and (c) above shall be conferred and paid to the petitioners including the arrears, within a period of three months from the date of receipt of this order."
9. In view of the above conspectus of law, the petitioner cannot be denied benefit of higher pays scale only because the petitioner has approached this Court at belated stage and as
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such both the petitions are allowed by quashing and setting aside the impugned orders passed by the respondent authorities so as to fix and pay the full pension and retiral benefits to the petitioners on the basis of both the higher grade pay scales alongwith arrears of pension within a period of eight weeks from the date of receipt of the writ of this order. The respondents are also further directed to issue revised last pay certificate after including both the higher grade pay scale.
10. Rule is made absolute to the aforesaid extent. No order as to costs.
(BHARGAV D. KARIA, J)
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