Bombay High Court
Trimbak K. Thul vs Airport Authority Of India Thr. ... on 18 February, 2025
2025:BHC-AS:8042
IA 948-2025 & Group.doc
IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT BOMBAY
CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION
INTERIM APPLICATION NO. 948 OF 2025
IN
FIRST APPEAL (ST) NO. 35116 OF 2024
Mr. Anil Bhingardive ]
Age-53 Years Occp- Air India Service ]
Flat No. 27 Building No.16 ]
Old Air India Colony, Kalina, ]
Santacruz (East), ]
Eviction Case No. ----- ]
Mob No.9769490906 ]
Email- [email protected] ]
Mumbai - 29. ] ...Appellant.
Versus
1) Airport Authority of India, ]
Through - Mr. Radhakrishna ]
Eviction Officer Western Regional Office ]
New Airport Colony Andheri ]
Sahar Road Mumbai - 99. ]
2) Mumbai International Airport Pvt. Ltd. ]
Through - Mr. Jeetendra Prakash Sali ]
Representative MIAL ]
/Adani Group Terminal 1B ]
1st Floor, CSMIA Mumbai 99. ] ...Respondents.
WITH
INTERIM APPLICATION NO. 943 OF 2025
IN
FIRST APPEAL (ST) NO. 35571 OF 2024
Mr. Deepak Nikam ]
Age-53 Years Occp- Air India Service ]
Flat No. 16 Building No. 1 ]
Old Air India Colony, Kalina, ]
Eviction Case No.---------- ]
Mob No. 9969106741 ]
Email- [email protected] ]
Mumbai - 29. ] ...Appellant.
Versus
1) Airport Authority of India, ]
Through - Mr. Radhakrishna ]
Patil-SR (ch) 1 of 24
IA 948-2025 & Group.doc
Eviction Officer Western Regional Office ]
New Airport Colony Andheri ]
Sahar Road Mumbai - 99. ]
2) Mumbai International Airport Pvt. Ltd. ]
Through - Mr. Jeetendra Prakash Sali ]
Representative MIAL ]
/Adani Group Terminal 1B ]
1st Floor, CSMIA Mumbai 99. ] ...Respondents.
WITH
INTERIM APPLICATION NO. 962 OF 2025
IN
FIRST APPEAL (ST) NO. 35883 OF 2024
Mr. Santosh Walje ]
Age-55 Years Resi at Flat No. 21/A Building No.15 ]
1st floor Occp- Service in Air India Ltd. ]
Eviction Case No. 1 of 2023 ]
Resident- building No. Old Air India Colony, ]
Kalina,. Mob No. 8698870464 ]
Email- [email protected] ]
Mumbai - 29. ] ...Appellant.
Versus
1) Airport Authority of India, ]
Through - Mr. Radhakrishna ]
Eviction Officer Western Regional Office ]
New Airport Colony Andheri ]
Sahar Road Mumbai - 99. ]
2) Mumbai International Airport Pvt. Ltd. ]
Through - Mr. Jeetendra Prakash Sali ]
Representative MIAL ]
/Adani Group Terminal 1B ]
1st Floor, CSMIA Mumbai 99. ] ...Respondents.
WITH
INTERIM APPLICATION NO. 959 OF 2025
IN
FIRST APPEAL (ST) NO. 35876 OF 2024
Mr. Mukesh S. Bhamre ]
Age-53 Years Occp- Air India Service ]
Flat No. 21 Building No.19 ]
Old Air India Colony, Kalina, ]
Santacruz (East), ]
Eviction Case No. 13 of 2023 ]
Patil-SR (ch) 2 of 24
IA 948-2025 & Group.doc
Mob No. 7021944715 ]
Email- [email protected] ]
Mumbai - 29. ] ...Appellant.
Versus
1) Airport Authority of India, ]
Through - Mr. Radhakrishna ]
Eviction Officer Western Regional Office ]
New Airport Colony Andheri ]
Sahar Road Mumbai - 99. ]
2) Mumbai International Airport Pvt. Ltd. ]
Through - Mr. Jeetendra Prakash Sali ]
Representative MIAL ]
/Adani Group Terminal 1B ]
1st Floor, CSMIA Mumbai 99. ] ...Respondents.
WITH
INTERIM APPLICATION NO. 975 OF 2025
IN
FIRST APPEAL (ST) NO. 35856 OF 2024
Mr. Sanjay Kamble ]
Age-53 Years Occp- Air India Service ]
Flat No. 23 Building No.18 ]
Old Air India Colony, Kalina, ]
Santacruz (East), ]
Eviction Case No. 30 of 2023 ]
Mob No. 9969700945 ]
Mumbai - 29. ] ...Appellant.
Versus
1) Airport Authority of India, ]
Through - Mr. Radhakrishna ]
Eviction Officer Western Regional Office ]
New Airport Colony Andheri ]
Sahar Road Mumbai - 99. ]
2) Mumbai International Airport Pvt. Ltd. ]
Through - Mr. Jeetendra Prakash Sali ]
Representative MIAL ]
/Adani Group Terminal 1B ]
1st Floor, CSMIA Mumbai 99. ] ...Respondents.
WITH
INTERIM APPLICATION NO. 979 OF 2025
IN
FIRST APPEAL (ST) NO. 35885 OF 2024
Patil-SR (ch) 3 of 24
IA 948-2025 & Group.doc
Mr. Subhash Bala Pawar ]
Age-54 Years Occp- Air India Service ]
Flat No. 7 Building No.12 ]
Old Air India Colony, Kalina,. ]
Santacruze (East) ]
Eviction Case No. 37 of 2023 ]
Mob No. 9220055251 ]
Email- pawarsubhash8018@@gmail.com ]
Mumbai - 29. ] ...Appellant.
Versus
1) Airport Authority of India, ]
Through - Mr. Radhakrishna ]
Eviction Officer Western Regional Office ]
New Airport Colony Andheri ]
Sahar Road Mumbai - 99. ]
2) Mumbai International Airport Pvt. Ltd. ]
Through - Mr. Jeetendra Prakash Sali ]
Representative MIAL ]
/Adani Group Terminal 1B ]
1st Floor, CSMIA Mumbai 99. ] ...Respondents.
WITH
INTERIM APPLICATION NO. 946 OF 2025
IN
FIRST APPEAL (ST) NO. 35879 OF 2024
Mr. Sanjay R. Jagtap ]
Age-54 Years Occp- Air India Service ]
Flat No.8 Building No.15 ]
Old Air India Colony, Kalina, ]
Santacruz (East), ]
Eviction Case No.----- ]
Mob No.9082274396 ]
Email- [email protected] ]
Mumbai --- ] ...Appellant.
Versus
1) Airport Authority of India, ]
Through - Mr. Radhakrishna ]
Eviction Officer Western Regional Office ]
New Airport Colony Andheri ]
Sahar Road Mumbai - 99. ]
2) Mumbai International Airport Pvt. Ltd. ]
Through - Mr. Jeetendra Prakash Sali ]
Patil-SR (ch) 4 of 24
IA 948-2025 & Group.doc
Representative MIAL ]
/Adani Group Terminal 1B ]
1st Floor, CSMIA Mumbai 99. ] ...Respondents.
WITH
INTERIM APPLICATION NO. 965 OF 2025
IN
FIRST APPEAL (ST) NO. 1646 OF 2025
Mr. Mahesh Arondekar ]
Age-51 Years Occp- Service in Air India Ltd ]
Flat No. 7/A ground floor, Building No.13, ]
st
Air India's 1 Housing Colony, Old Air India ]
Colony, Kalina, ]
Mob No. 8652313332 ]
Email- [email protected] ]
Mumbai - 29. ] ...Appellant.
Versus
1) Airport Authority of India, ]
Through - Mr. Radhakrishna ]
Eviction Officer Western Regional Office ]
New Airport Colony Andheri ]
Sahar Road Mumbai - 99. ]
2) Mumbai International Airport Pvt. Ltd. ]
Through - Mr. Jeetendra Prakash Sali ]
Representative MIAL ]
/Adani Group Terminal 1B ]
1st Floor, CSMIA Mumbai 99. ] ...Respondents.
WITH
INTERIM APPLICATION NO. 960 OF 2025
IN
FIRST APPEAL (ST) NO. 35636 OF 2024
Mr. Mahesh K. Lohima ]
Age-52 Years Occp- Air India Service ]
Flat No. 4, Building No.32 ]
Indian Airlines Colomy, Kalina, ]
Eviction Case No. 205 of 2023 ]
Mob No. 9869975255 ]
Email- [email protected] ]
Mumbai - 29. ] ...Appellant.
Versus
1) Airport Authority of India, ]
Patil-SR (ch) 5 of 24
IA 948-2025 & Group.doc
Through - Mr. Radhakrishna ]
Eviction Officer Western Regional Office ]
New Airport Colony Andheri ]
Sahar Road Mumbai - 99. ]
2) Mumbai International Airport Pvt. Ltd. ]
Through - Mr. Jeetendra Prakash Sali ]
Representative MIAL/Adani Group ]
Terminal 1B 1st Floor, CSM ]
1A Mumbai 99. ] ...Respondents.
WITH
INTERIM APPLICATION NO. 964 OF 2025
IN
FIRST APPEAL (ST) NO. 35654 OF 2024
Mr. Prafulla Bansode ]
Age-56 Years Occp- Air India Service ]
Flat No. 4/B Building No.33 ]
Indian Air Lines Colony No. 1, Kalina, ]
Eviction Case No. 203 of 2023 ]
Mob No. 7977848391 ]
Mumbai - 29. ] ...Appellant.
Versus
1) Airport Authority of India, ]
Through - Mr. Radhakrishna ]
Eviction Officer Western Regional Office ]
New Airport Colony Andheri ]
Sahar Road Mumbai - 99. ]
2) Mumbai International Airport Pvt. Ltd. ]
Through - Mr. Jeetendra Prakash Sali ]
Representative MIAL ]
/Adani Group Terminal 1B ]
1st Floor, CSMIA Mumbai 99. ] ...Respondents.
WITH
INTERIM APPLICATION NO. 968 OF 2025
IN
FIRST APPEAL (ST) NO. 35638 OF 2024
K. K. Shende ]
Age-54 Years Occp- Air India Service ]
Flat No. 14/A Building No. 3. ]
Indian Air Lines Housing Colony, Kalina, ]
Eviction Case No. 189 of 2023 ]
Mob No.9869303807 ]
Patil-SR (ch) 6 of 24
IA 948-2025 & Group.doc
Mumbai - 29. ] ...Appellant.
Versus
1) Airport Authority of India, ]
Through - Mr. Radhakrishna ]
Eviction Officer Western Regional Office ]
New Airport Colony Andheri ]
Sahar Road Mumbai - 99. ]
2) Mumbai International Airport Pvt. Ltd. ]
Through - Mr. Jeetendra Prakash Sali ]
Representative MIAL ]
/Adani Group Terminal 1B ]
1st Floor, CSMIA Mumbai 99. ] ...Respondents.
WITH
INTERIM APPLICATION NO. 942 OF 2025
IN
FIRST APPEAL (ST) NO. 35799 OF 2024
Mr. Santosh Suresh Tambe ]
Age-56 Years Occp- Air India Service ]
Flat No. 6/A, Building No.39 ]
Old Air India Colony, Kalina, ]
Eviction Case No. 118 of 2023 ]
Mumbai - 29. ] ...Appellant.
Versus
1) Airport Authority of India, ]
Through - Mr. Radhakrishna ]
Eviction Officer Western Regional Office ]
New Airport Colony Andheri ]
Sahar Road Mumbai - 99. ]
2) Mumbai International Airport Pvt. Ltd. ]
Through - Mr. Jeetendra Prakash Sali ]
Representative MIAL ]
/Adani Group Terminal 1B ]
1st Floor, CSMIA Mumbai 99. ] ...Respondents.
WITH
INTERIM APPLICATION NO. 958 OF 2025
IN
FIRST APPEAL (ST) NO. 36132 OF 2024
Mr. Bharat Anna Bobade ]
Age-56 Years Occp- Air India Service ]
Flat No. 185/A, building No.C ]
Patil-SR (ch) 7 of 24
IA 948-2025 & Group.doc
Indian Airlines Colomy, Kalina, ]
Eviction Case No. 97 of 2023 ]
Mob No. 9969146858 ]
Email- [email protected] ] ...Appellant.
Mumbai - 29. ]
Versus
1) Airport Authority of India, ]
Through - Mr. Radhakrishna ]
Eviction Officer Western Regional Office ]
New Airport Colony Andheri ]
Sahar Road Mumbai - 99. ]
2) Mumbai International Airport Pvt. Ltd. ]
Through - Mr. Jeetendra Prakash Sali ]
Representative MIAL/Adani Group Terminal ]
1B 1st Floor, CSMIA ]
Mumbai 99. ] ...Respondents.
WITH
INTERIM APPLICATION NO. 972 OF 2025
IN
FIRST APPEAL (ST) NO. 36130 OF 2024
Mr. Sanjay Parshuram Vhatkar ]
Age-53 Years Occp- Air India Service ]
Flat No. 7A, Building No.39 ]
Indian Airlines Colomy, Kalina, ]
Eviction Case No. 290 of 2023 ]
Mob No. 9004311390 ]
Email- [email protected] ] ...Appellant.
Mumbai - 29. ]
Versus
1) Airport Authority of India, ]
Through - Mr. Radhakrishna ]
Eviction Officer Western Regional Office ]
New Airport Colony Andheri ]
Sahar Road Mumbai - 99. ]
2) Mumbai International Airport Pvt. Ltd. ]
Through - Mr. Jeetendra Prakash Sali ]
Representative MIAL ]
/Adani Group Terminal 1B ]
1st Floor, CSMIA Mumbai 99. ] ...Respondents.
WITH
INTERIM APPLICATION NO. 956 OF 2025
Patil-SR (ch) 8 of 24
IA 948-2025 & Group.doc
IN
FIRST APPEAL (ST) NO. 36141 OF 2024
Mr. Trimbak Kushaba Thul ]
Age-59 Years Occp- Air India Service ]
Flat No. 184/A Building No. C ]
Indian Airlines Colony, Kalina, ]
Eviction Case No. 148 of 2023 ]
Mob No.. ]
Email- ]
Mumbai - 29. ] ...Appellant.
Versus
1) Airport Authority of India, ]
Through - Mr. Radhakrishna ]
Eviction Officer Western Regional Office ]
New Airport Colony Andheri ]
Sahar Road Mumbai - 99. ]
2) Mumbai International Airport Pvt. Ltd. ]
Through - Mr. Jeetendra Prakash Sali ]
Representative MIAL ]
/Adani Group Terminal 1B ]
1st Floor, CSMIA Mumbai 99. ] ...Respondents.
WITH
INTERIM APPLICATION NO. 961 OF 2025
IN
FIRST APPEAL (ST) NO. 36143 OF 2024
Pratibha Mirchandani ]
Age-60 Years Occp- Air India Service ]
Flat No. 4/A Building No.42B ]
Indian Air Line Colony, Kalina, ]
Eviction Case No. 242 of 2023 ]
Mob No. 8928790945 ]
Mumbai - 29. ] ...Appellant.
Versus
1) Airport Authority of India, ]
Through - Mr. Radhakrishna ]
Eviction Officer Western Regional Office ]
New Airport Colony Andheri ]
Sahar Road Mumbai - 99. ]
2) Mumbai International Airport Pvt. Ltd. ]
Through - Mr. Jeetendra Prakash Sali ]
Representative MIAL ]
Patil-SR (ch) 9 of 24
IA 948-2025 & Group.doc
/Adani Group Terminal 1B ]
1st Floor, CSMIA Mumbai 99. ] ...Respondents.
WITH
INTERIM APPLICATION NO. 978 OF 2025
IN
FIRST APPEAL (ST) NO. 36703 OF 2024
Mr. Sanjay A. Sonawane ]
Age-56 Years Occp- Air India Service ]
Flat No. 5/B Building No.17 ]
Indian Airlines Colomy, Kalina, ]
Eviction Case No. 147 of 2023 ]
Mob No. 9820287065. ]
Email- [email protected] ]
Mumbai - 29. ] ...Appellant.
Versus
1) Airport Authority of India, ]
Through - Mr. Radhakrishna ]
Eviction Officer Western Regional Office ]
New Airport Colony Andheri ]
Sahar Road Mumbai - 99. ]
2) Mumbai International Airport Pvt. Ltd. ]
Through - Mr. Jeetendra Prakash Sali ]
Representative MIAL ]
/Adani Group Terminal 1B ]
1st Floor, CSMIA Mumbai 99. ] ...Respondents.
WITH
INTERIM APPLICATION NO. 971 OF 2025
IN
FIRST APPEAL (ST) NO. 37448 OF 2024
Mr. Dattatray Fakira Choudhari ]
Age-56 Years Occp- Air India Service ]
Flat No. 117A Building No.C ]
Old Air India Housing Colomy, Kalina, ]
Eviction Case No. 93 of 2023 ] ...Appellant.
Mumbai - 29. ]
Versus
1) Airport Authority of India, ]
Through - Mr. Radhakrishna ]
Eviction Officer Western Regional Office ]
New Airport Colony Andheri ]
Patil-SR (ch) 10 of 24
IA 948-2025 & Group.doc
Sahar Road Mumbai - 99. ]
2) Mumbai International Airport Pvt. Ltd. ]
Through - Mr. Jeetendra Prakash Sali ]
Representative MIAL ]
/Adani Group Terminal 1B ]
1st Floor, CSMIA Mumbai 99. ] ...Respondents.
------------
Mr. K. J. Dhoke, Mr. Rachit Singh i/b Mr. Nitin Satpute for the Appellant.
Ms. Shilpa Kapil and Mr. Chidanand Kapil for the Respondent No. 1.
Mr. Vikram Nankani, Senior Advocate along with Mr. Chirag Kamdar, Ms.
Shama Maitra, Ms. Samruddhi Mali i/b Wadia Gandhy & co., for the
Respondent No. 2.
------------
Coram : Sharmila U. Deshmukh, J.
Reserved on : January 22, 2025
Pronounced on : February 18, 2025.
Judgment :
1. This group of First Appeals filed under Section 28-K of Airports
Authority of India Act, 1994 [for short "AAI Act"] challenges the
eviction order of the Eviction Officer appointed under Section 28-B of
AAI Act, ordering the Appellants to hand over vacant and peaceful
possession of subject airport premises within a period of 15 days from
the date of order.
2. The Interim Applications in the First Appeals seek condonation of
delay in filing of Appeals setting out identical explanation for the
delay. With consent, Interim Application No.979 of 2025 filed in First
Appeal (st.) No.35885 of 2024 was taken as lead Interim Application
Patil-SR (ch) 11 of 24
IA 948-2025 & Group.doc
and pleadings of the said application are referred during the hearing.
Common submissions were advanced and the Interim Applications are
being disposed of by this common judgment.
3. The delay is for varied periods in the individual Interim
Applications, however, the admitted position, without exception is
that Appeals have been filed beyond the period of 30 days from the
date of passing of respective eviction orders.
4. Mr. Nankani, learned Senior Advocate appearing for Respondent
No.2 has tendered a chart giving details of the name of occupant and
the date of filing of Appeal. The said chart is not disputed by Mr.
Dhoke, learned Counsel appearing for the Appellants. In the chart
produced by Mr. Nankani, an additional column has been added by this
Court setting out the number of days of delay as mentioned in the
Interim Application. For ease of reference the chart is reproduced
hereinbelow:
Sr. Name of Occupant Date of filing First Appeal Interim Number
No. appeal (st) No. Application of days
No. delay as
per IA.
1. Anil Bhingardive 4th December 2024 35116 of 2024 948 of 2025 66
th
2. Deepak Nikam 7 December 2024 35571 of 2024 943 of 2025 72
th
3. Santosh Walje 10 December 2024 35883 of 2024 962 of 2025 72
th
4. Mukesh Bhamre 10 December 2024 35876 of 2024 959 of 2025 72
5. Sanjay Kamble 10th December 2024 35856 of 2024 975 of 2025 75
th
6. Subhash Bala Pawar 10 December 2024 35885 of 2024 979 of 2025 75
th
7. Sanjay Jagtap 10 December 2024 35879 of 2024 946 of 2025 72
Patil-SR (ch) 12 of 24
IA 948-2025 & Group.doc
8. Mahesh Arondekar 14th January 2025 1646 of 2025 965 of 2025 110
th
9. Mahesh Lohima 9 December 2024 35636 of 2024 960 of 2025 36
10. Prafulla Bansode 9th December 2024 35654 of 2024 964 of 2025 36
th
11. K K Shende 9 December 2024 35638 of 2024 968 of 2025 35
th
12. Santosh Tambe 10 December 2024 35799 of 2024 942 of 2025 36
th
13. Bharat Anna Bobade 12 December 2024 36132 of 2024 958 of 2025 39
14. Sanjay Vhatkar 12th December 2024 36130 of 2024 972 of 2025 36
th
15. Trimbak Thul 12 December 2024 36141 of 2024 956 of 2025 39
th
16. Pratibha Mirchandani 13 December 2024 36143 of 2024 961 of 2025 38
th
17. Sanjay Sonawane 14 December 2024 36703 of 2024 978 of 2025 43
th
18. Dattatray Choudhari 20 December 2024 37448 of 2024 971 of 2025 46
PLEADINGS :
5. The Interim Application avers about the litigation instituted by
the Applicants against the Respondents i.e. (1) Criminal Writ Petition
No. 5134 of 2022 against the alleged disinvestment of Airport Mumbai
(2) Criminal complaints by Association before Special Court under
Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act,
1989 and the Protection of Civil Rights Act, 1955 i.e. Criminal
Miscellaneous Application No.1091 of 2023 and Criminal Miscellaneous
Application No.379 of 2024 and (3) Contempt Petition in pending
proceedings before the Special Court as eviction orders were passed
pending the proceedings.
6. It is further pleaded that the Respondents have not cancelled
the allotment orders of residence of the Appellant till date and have
initiated eviction proceedings in different manners, i.e., departmental
Patil-SR (ch) 13 of 24
IA 948-2025 & Group.doc
order for recovery of Rs.10 lakh to Rs.15 lakh from salaries, under PPE
Act, 1971 and AAI Act. It is pleaded that essential services have been
discontinued therefore police complaints were filed. The eviction
orders have been produced before the Special Court which has
directed the Respondents to produce authenticated copies of
agreements, maps and development plans. Despite thereof, the
Respondent No.2 issued 48 hours notice for eviction of the Appellants
and hence the Appellant filed Appeal through their Association on 5 th
November 2024. In view of the objection taken to the filing of Appeal
through the Association, separate appeals by individual aggrieved
person came to be filed on 5th December 2024 and hence there is delay.
7. To this Application, Respondent No.2 has filed affidavit-in-reply
contending that AAI Act is a special enactment and hence the
provisions of Limitation Act, 1963 stand excluded. It was pleaded that
Section 28-K of AAI Act prescribes the limitation period for filing
Appeal and the use of words "but not after the period of thirty days" in
proviso to Sub-Section (1) of Section 28-K of AAI Act would exclude
applicability of Section 5 of Limitation Act, 1963 in view of Section
29(2) of Limitation Act, 1963. Thus, there is no power with the Appeal
Court to condone the delay beyond the statutory period of limitation.
Patil-SR (ch) 14 of 24
IA 948-2025 & Group.doc
SUBMISSIONS :
8. Mr. Dhoke, learned Counsel appearing for the Applicants would
submit that due to procedural lapse there is delay beyond period of 30
days which deserves to be condoned by applying Section 5 of the
Limitation Act, 1963. He would re-iterate the previous litigation
instituted by the Applicants and would submit that Section 20 of SC/ST
Act overrides all other enactments. He would further submit that
under Section 12 of the AAI Act, it is the function of Airports Authority
to construct residential buildings for its employees and therefore
eviction order could not have been passed. He submits that eviction
orders are sub judice before the Special Court which has issued order
directing the Respondents to produce the authenticated copies of
agreements, maps and plans. He submits that as 48 hours notice was
issued an Appeal came to be filed before this Court through their
Association on 4th November 2024, which was later on withdrawn on
the objection raised and individual First Appeals came to be filed on 5 th
December 2024.
9. Mr. Nankani, learned Senior Advocate appearing for the
Respondent No.2 would submit that the Appellants were well aware of
the impending eviction proceedings in view of the orders passed in
previous petitions before this Court which inter alia sought to
challenge the communication addressed to the individual employees
Patil-SR (ch) 15 of 24
IA 948-2025 & Group.doc
asking them to give undertaking for vacating allotted accommodation
where they are residing. He submits that despite eviction orders
having been passed, appeals are not filed within prescribed period of
limitation of 30 days. He would submit that under Section 28-K(1) of
the AAI Act, the limitation is 15 days for preferring an Appeal against
the order of eviction which can be extended upto a period of 30 days
and not beyond that as per the proviso to Section 28-K(1) of the AAI
Act. He submits that in view of the proviso to Section 28-K(1) of the
AAI Act, provisions of Section 5 of the Limitation Act, 1963 stand
excluded and therefore there is no power to condone the delay beyond
the period of 30 days. In support, he relies upon following decisions :
Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai v. Anusaya Sitaram
Devrukhkar1
REASONS AND ANALYSIS :
10. The issue arising for consideration is whether upon reading of
the proviso to Section 28-K of AAI Act, there is express exclusion of
Section 5 of Limitation Act, 1963 by reason of Section 29(2) of the
Limitation Act, 1963, resulting in no discretion left in the Appellate
Court to condone the delay beyond period of 30 days from date of
eviction order.
1 2025 SCC OnLine Bom 36.
Patil-SR (ch) 16 of 24
IA 948-2025 & Group.doc
11. Firstly, Section 28-K of the AAI Act which provides for appeal to
the High Court will have to considered, which reads as under:
28-K Appeals to Tribunal. - (1) Any person aggrieved by an
order of the eviction officer under the Chapter, may, within
fifteen days from the date of such order, prefer an appeal to
the High Court.
Provided that the High Court may entertain any appeal
after the expiry of the said period of fifteen days, but not
after the period of thirty days from the date aforesaid, if it is
satisfied that the appellant was prevented by sufficient cause
from filing the appeal in time."
12. Section 28-K prescribes a different period of limitation, which is
fifteen days from date of the eviction order extendable by further
period of 15 days upon sufficient cause being shown i.e. in total a
period of 30 days. The extendable period of 15 days after the expiry of
initial period of 15 days from date of eviction order requires sufficiency
of cause being shown and it is this delay of 15 days which can be
condoned.
13. "Prescribed Period" has been defined in Section 2(j) of the
Limitation Act, 1963 as period of limitation computed in accordance
with the provisions of the Limitation Act, 1963 and "Period of
Limitation" means the period of limitation prescribed for any suit,
Appeal or Application by the Schedule. By reason of the special period
of limitation prescribed by Section 28-K of AAI Act, the provisions of
Section 3 of Limitation Act, 1963 will have to be read in context of the
period of limitation prescribed by Section 28-K of AAI Act.
Patil-SR (ch) 17 of 24
IA 948-2025 & Group.doc
14. The prescribed period of limitation would thus be 15 days
extendable by further period of 15 days. As the applications seek
condonation of delay beyond period of 30 days from date of eviction
order, the applicability of Section 5 of Limitation Act, 1963 to the
Appeals filed under Section 28-K will have to be considered. In this
context Section 29(2) of Limitation Act, 1963 is relevant which reads
thus:
29. Savings.-- (1) ..........
(2) Where any special or local law prescribes for any suit,
appeal or application a period of limitation different from the
period prescribed by the Schedule, the provisions of section 3
shall apply as if such period were the period prescribed by the
Schedule and for the purpose of determining any period of
limitation prescribed for any suit, appeal or application by any
special or local law, the provisions contained in sections 4 to 24
(inclusive) shall apply only insofar as, and to the extent to
which, they are not expressly excluded by such special or local
law.
(3).....
(4)....."
15. Section 29(2) of Limitation Act, 1963 can be read in two parts,
the first part deals with the determination of period of limitation in
case of special or local law for purpose of Section 3 of Limitation Act
and the second part deals with the computation of period of limitation
by considering the applicability of Section 4 to 24 of Limitation Act,
1963 if not expressly excluded by the special law.
Patil-SR (ch) 18 of 24
IA 948-2025 & Group.doc
16. Section 5 of the Limitation Act, 1963 provides for extension of
the prescribed period of limitation enabling the admission of any
Appeal or application beyond the prescribed period upon sufficient
cause being shown. Section 28-K of the AAI Act is similar to Section 5
of the Limitation Act, 1963 which provides for extension of period of
limitation beyond 15 days, the differentiating factor being that
whereas Section 5 of the Limitation Act, 1963 does not place any outer
limit on the period of delay which can be extended, Section 28-K of the
AAI Act provides that the Appeal cannot be entertained beyond the
period of 30 days from eviction order.
17. The proviso to Section 28-K of AAI uses the expression "but not
after the period of thirty days" which has the effect of placing an outer
limit on the period of delay which can be condoned and results in
express exclusion of Section 5 of Limitation Act, 1963. By exclusion of
Section 5 of Limitation Act, 1963, there is no discretion vested in the
Appellate Court to condone the delay beyond the period of 30 days
from date of eviction order.
18. In MCGM v. Anusaya Sitaram Devrukhkar (supra), the Division
Bench of this Court was considering Section 29(2) of the Limitation Act,
1963 in the context of Section 74(2) of the Right to Fair Compensation
and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement
Act, 2013, which provided for limitation of 60 days with further
Patil-SR (ch) 19 of 24
IA 948-2025 & Group.doc
extension of 60 days by using the expression "not exceeding sixty
days". The Division Bench applied the ratio of decision of the Apex
Court in Union of India v. Popular Construction Company2 which held
as under :
"4. Before us, the appellant has not disputed the
position that if the Limitation Act, 1963 and in particular
Section 5, did not apply to Section 34 of the 1996 Act, then its
objection to the award was time-barred and the appeal would
have to be dismissed. The submission, however, is that Section
29(2) of the Limitation Act makes the provisions of Section 5 of
the Limitation Act applicable to special laws like the 1996 Act
since the 1996 Act itself did not expressly exclude its
applicability and that there was sufficient cause for the delay
in filing the application under Section 34. Counsel for the
respondent, on the other hand, has submitted that the
language of Section 34 plainly read, expressly excluded the
operation of Section 5 of the Limitation Act and that there was
as such no scope for assessing the sufficiency of the cause for
the delay beyond the period prescribed in the proviso to
Section 34.
5. The issue will have to be resolved with reference to
the language used in Section 29(2) of the Limitation Act, 1963
and Section 34 of the 1996 Act. Section 29(2) provides that:
"29. (2) Where any special or local law prescribes for any
suit, appeal or application a period of limitation
different from the period prescribed by the Schedule,
the provisions of Section 3 shall apply as if such period
were the period prescribed by the Schedule and for the
purpose of determining any period of limitation
prescribed for any suit, appeal or application by any
special or local law, the provisions contained in Sections
4 to 24 (inclusive) shall apply only insofar as, and to the
extent to which, they are not expressly excluded by such
special or local law."
6. On an analysis of the section, it is clear that the
provisions of Sections 4 to 24 will apply when:
(i) there is a special or local law which prescribes a different
period of limitation for any suit, appeal or application; and
(ii) the special or local law does not expressly exclude those
sections.
2 (2001) 8 SCC 470.
Patil-SR (ch) 20 of 24
IA 948-2025 & Group.doc
7. There is no dispute that the 1996 Act is a "special
law" and that Section 34 provides for a period of limitation
different from that prescribed under the Limitation Act. The
question then is -- is such exclusion expressed in Section 34 of
the 1996 Act ? The relevant extract of Section 34 reads:
"34. Application for setting aside arbitral award.-- (1)-
(2)***
(3) An application for setting aside may not be made
after three months have elapsed from the date on
which the party making that application had received
the arbitral award or, if a request had been made under
Section 33, from the date on which that request had
been disposed of by the Arbitral Tribunal:
Provided that if the court is satisfied that the
applicant was prevented by sufficient cause from
making the application within the said period of
three months it may entertain the application within
a further period of thirty days, but not thereafter."
8. Had the proviso to Section 34 merely provided for a
period within which the court could exercise its discretion, that
would not have been sufficient to exclude Sections 4 to 24 of
the Limitation Act because "mere provision of a period of
limitation in howsoever peremptory or imperative language is
not sufficient to displace the applicability of Section 5" [Mangu
Ram v. Municipal Corpn. of Delhi, (1976) 1 SCC 392 at p. 397,
para 7 : 1976 SCC (Cri) 10].
9. That was precisely why in construing Section 116-
A of the Representation of the People Act, 1951, the
Constitution Bench in Vidyacharan Shukla v. Khubchand
Baghel [AIR 1964 SC 1099] rejected the argument that Section
5 of the Limitation Act had been excluded : (AIR p. 1112, para
27)
"27. It was then said that Section 116-A of the Act
provided an exhaustive and exclusive code of limitation
for the purpose of appeals against orders of tribunals and
reliance is placed on the proviso to sub-section (3) of that
section, which reads:
'Every appeal under this Chapter shall be preferred
within a period of thirty days from the date of the
order of the Tribunal under Section 98 or Section 99.
Provided that the High Court may entertain an appeal
after the expiry of the said period of thirty days if it is
satisfied that the appellant had sufficient cause for
not preferring the appeal within such period.'
The contention is that sub-section (3) of Section 116-A of
the Act not only provides a period of limitation for such
an appeal, but also the circumstances under which the
Patil-SR (ch) 21 of 24
IA 948-2025 & Group.doc
delay can be excused, indicating thereby that the general
provisions of the Limitation Act are excluded. There are
two answers to this argument. Firstly, Section 29(2)(a) of
the Limitation Act speaks of express exclusion but there is
no express exclusion in sub-section (3) of Section 116-A of
the Act; secondly, the proviso from which an implied
exclusion is sought to be drawn does not lead to any such
necessary implication."
10. This decision recognises that it is not essential for
the special or local law to, in terms, exclude the provisions of
the Limitation Act. It is sufficient if on a consideration of the
language of its provisions relating to limitation, the intention
to exclude can be necessarily implied. As has been said in
Hukumdev Narain Yadav v. Lalit Narain Mishra [(1974) 2 SCC 133]
: (SCC p. 146, para 17)
"If on an examination of the relevant provisions it is clear
that the provisions of the Limitation Act are necessarily
excluded, then the benefits conferred therein cannot be
called in aid to supplement the provisions of the Act."
11. Thus, where the legislature prescribed a special
limitation for the purpose of the appeal and the period of
limitation of 60 days was to be computed after taking the aid
of Sections 4, 5 and 12 of the Limitation Act, the specific
inclusion of these sections meant that to that extent only the
provisions of the Limitation Act stood extended and the
applicability of the other provisions, by necessary implication
stood excluded [Patel Naranbhai Marghabhai v. Dhulabhai
Galbabhai, [(1992) 4 SCC 264].
12. As far as the language of Section 34 of the 1996 Act
is concerned, the crucial words are "but not thereafter" used in
the proviso to sub-section (3). In our opinion, this phrase would
amount to an express exclusion within the meaning of Section
29(2) of the Limitation Act, and would therefore bar the
application of Section 5 of that Act. Parliament did not need to
go further. To hold that the court could entertain an
application to set aside the award beyond the extended period
under the proviso, would render the phrase "but not
thereafter" wholly otiose. No principle of interpretation would
justify such a result."
19. The Division Bench concluded in paragraph 32 as under:
"In view of the above discussion, we hold that Section 5 of the
Limitation Act cannot be invoked by this Court for entertaining an
appeal filed against the decision or order of the Tribunal beyond the
Patil-SR (ch) 22 of 24
IA 948-2025 & Group.doc
period of 120 days specified in Section 125 of the Electricity Act and
its proviso. Any interpretation of Section 125 of the Electricity Act
which may attract the applicability of Section 5 of the Limitation Act
read with Section 29(2) thereof will defeat the object of the
legislation, namely, to provide special limitation for filing an appeal
against the decision or order of the Tribunal and proviso to Section
125 will become nugatory."
20. The ratio of decision in MCGM vs Anusuya Sitaram Devrukhkar
(supra) is squarely applicable to the present case. In the present case,
the proviso to Section 28-K of AAI Act uses the language "but not after
the period of thirty days" which makes it evident that the legislative
intent is to provide special period of limitation and exclude application
of Section 5 of Limitation Act, 1963.
21. The inevitable conclusion is that the proviso to Sub-Section (1) of
Section 28-K of the AAI Act expressly excludes the application of
Section 5 of the Limitation Act, 1963 and resultantly, there is no power
vested in the Appeal Court to condone delay beyond the maximum
period of 30 days. As the applicability of Section 5 of Limitation Act,
1963 is excluded, the Appeals admittedly having been filed beyond the
period of 30 days are liable to be dismissed. It is not necessary to go
into the sufficiency of the cause shown for condonation of delay
beyond 30 days in light of the discussion above.
22. As regards the reliance placed on order of Apex Court dated 16 th
February, 2024, the Special Leave Petitions arose out of judgment
passed by this Court in Petitions challenging the order declining to
Patil-SR (ch) 23 of 24
IA 948-2025 & Group.doc
make reference to CGIT, the charging of penal rent and damages and
withholding of Performance Linked Incentive. The order of Apex Court
would not have the effect of extending the period of limitation of 30
days and in fact the Apex Court has directed that in event the eviction
orders are passed, the same not to be implemented for period of 30
days, which is in accordance with the prescribed period of limitation.
23. As regards the contention about the overriding effect of Section
20 of SC/ST Act, the same applies in event there is conflict between the
said enactment and other statutes. The present issue is about
condonation of delay and Section 20 of SC/ST Act has no applicability.
24. In the light of above discussion, as all the Interim Applications
pray for condonation of delay in filing of Appeal beyond 30 days, the
same stand dismissed.
25. In view of the dismissal of above Interim Applications, First
Appeals do not survive for consideration and stand dismissed.
[Sharmila U. Deshmukh, J.]
Patil-SR (ch) 24 of 24
Signed by: Sachin R. Patil
Designation: PS To Honourable Judge
Date: 18/02/2025 20:26:54
