The National Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission (NCDRC) has done away with the requirement of asking individuals or companies to deposit half the payment ordered by the State Consumer Dispute Redressal Commissions as a precondition for admitting their appeals.

The NCDRC said that this condition was introduced in the Consumer Protection Act on July 20, 2020, & will not apply to complaints or orders passed before this date.

The new condition was inserted as an amendment to Section 51(1) of the newly amended Consumer Protection Act 2019 & was challenged by several individuals & companies before a two-member bench of the National Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission.

The new condition said thus, “Provided further that no appeal by a person, who is required to pay any amount in terms of an order of the State Commission, shall be entertained by the National Commission unless the appellant has deposited 50% of that amount in the manner as may be prescribed.”

The Commission noted that prior to this amendment, parties who filed appeals before the National Commission were required to either deposit 50 per cent of the amount required to be paid in terms of the State Commission order or a sum of Rs 35,000, whichever is less.

The Commission bench headed by President RK Agrawal & Member SM Kantikar said, “We are of the considered opinion that now it is well-established that a right of Appeal is a vested & a substantive right which cannot be altered, modified by putting stringent conditions as that right of Appeal had accrued to the person concerned from the date of initiation of the proceedings i.e. from the date of filing of the Complaint before the appropriate fora under the 1986 Act.”

Since the amended provision wasn't retrospective in operation, the Commission held that the said condition wont apply to complaints already pending in the District Consumer Court or State Commission or National Commission. The Commission allowed the appeals filed by the petitioner individuals & companies to be registered as they all arose out of complaints filed prior to the amendment.

Lawyer Kunal Cheema who argued the case before the NCDRC said, “This judgment will be helpful to all whose complaints were in existence before the new Act of 2019 came into force. So whenever the order is passed in future & they are filing first appeal, they will be able to do it as per the conditions of the old Act with a cap of Rs 35,000 & not 50 per cent of the decreed amount.”

The Commission was hearing 6 sets of appeals filed by various individuals & companies against separate orders passed by the State Commissions of Maharashtra, Punjab, Karnataka, Odisha & Karnataka. The appeals were not registered as they didn't comply with the amended condition of depositing 50% of the amount as directed by State Commissions. However, they had deposited Rs 35,000 as required by the Consumer Protection Act, 1986.

The Commission allowed the registration to all these appeals by saying, “We are of the considered opinion that the Second Proviso of Sub-Section (1) of Section 51 of the 2019 Act shall not be applicable where the person aggrieved is challenging the order passed by the State Commission in an appeal arising out of a complaint case filed prior to 20/24 July 2020 when the 2019 Act came into operation/was enforced.” 

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