[Cites 15, Cited by 0]

Rajasthan High Court - Jodhpur

Goma Ram vs State Of Rajasthan (2025:Rj-Jd:53006) on 8 December, 2025

Author: Yogendra Kumar Purohit

Bench: Yogendra Kumar Purohit

[2025:RJ-JD:53006]

       HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE FOR RAJASTHAN AT
                        JODHPUR
 S.B. Criminal Miscellaneous 2nd Bail Application No. 12727/2025

 Goma Ram S/o Karna Ram, Aged About 29 Years, Resident Of
 Ratdiya, P.s. Bhaniyana, District Jaisalmer. (Presently Lodged In
 Central Jail, Jaisalmer
                                                                     ----Petitioner
                                      Versus
 State Of Rajasthan, Through Public Prosecutor
                                                                   ----Respondent


For Petitioner(s)           :     Mr. Satish Kumar Khandelwal
                                  Mr. Sawpan Chouhan
                                  Mr. Nasroodeen Khan
For Respondent(s)           :     Mr. Prem Singh Panwar, PP


      HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE YOGENDRA KUMAR PUROHIT
                          Order

Arguments Concluded on 01/12/2025
Order Reserved on 01/12/2025
Full order Pronounced
Date of Pronouncement 08/12/2025

01-          izkFkhZ&vfHk;qDr dh vksj ls tekur dk ;g f}rh; vkosnu i= vUrxZr
/kkjk 439 n.M izfØ;k lafgrk ¼483 ch-,u-,l-,l-½] iqfyl Fkkuk Hkf.k;k.kk] ftyk
tSlyesj esa ntZ izFke lwpuk fjiksVZ la[;k 29@2024] vijk/k vUrxZr /kkjk 8@17]
8@18] 25 ,u-Mh-ih-,l- ,DV ds ekeys esa tekur ij fjgk fd, tkus dh izkFkZuk ds
lkFk izLrqr gqvk gSA
02-          cgl tekur vkosnu lquh rFkk miyC/k vfHkys[k dk voyksdu fd;kA

03-          izkFkhZ&vfHk;qDr ds ;ksX; vf/koDrk dh vksj ls ;g rdZ izLrqr fd;k gS
fd bl ekeys esa izFke tekur dk izkFkZuk&i= fnukad 09-09-2024 dks tfj, uksVizsl
[kkfjt fd;k x;k FkkA izkFkhZ&vfHk;qDr dks fnukad 01-05-2024 dks fxjQ~rkj dj
U;kf;d vfHkj{kk esa Hkstk x;k Fkk] rc ls U;kf;d vfHkj{kk esa py jgk gSA bruh yach
vof/k U;kf;d vfHkj{kk esa gksus ds vk/kkj ij izkFkhZ&vfHk;qDr dks tekur ij fjgk
fd, tkus dk fuosnu fd;k vkSj esjk /;ku ekuuh; mPPre U;k;ky; ds U;kf;d
n`"Vkar Shambhulal Gurjar @ Rohit Vs. State of Rajasthan, Order Dated
10-01-2025 Special Leave to Appeal (Crl.) No(s). 16671/2024                       o
Devendra Kumar Mishra @ Bade Guru Vs. The State of Madhya Predesh,

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Order   Dated    03-01-2024       Special     Leave      to Appeal     (Crl.)   No(s).
14639/2023 dh vksj /;ku vkdf"kZr fd;kA ftlesa ,d o"kZ 8 ekg dh U;kf;d

vfHkj{kk vof/k gksus ds vk/kkj ij vfHk;qDr dks tekur dk ykHk fn;k x;k FkkA mlh
izdkj izkFkhZ&vfHk;qDr dh Hkh U;kf;d vfHkj{kk vof/k yxHkx Ms< o"kZ ls vf/kd gks
pqdh gS ,oa bl ekeys esa vHkh rd fopkj.k iwjk ugha gqvk gSA bl vk/kkj ij tekur
ij fjgk fd, tkus dk fuosnu fd;kA

04-          fo}ku yksd vfHk;kstd }kjk bldk l[r fojks/k djrs gq, ;g rdZ
izLrqr fd;k fd bl ekeys esa izkFkhZ&vfHk;qDr ds dCts ls 11 fdyks 05 xzke vQhe
dk nw/k o 630 xzke fufeZr vQhe dh cjkenxh gqbZ gSA tks ek=k vR;f/kd gksus ls
okf.kfT;d ek=k dk ekeyk Li"V :i ls gh gSA ,slh voLFkk esa /kkjk 37 ,u-Mh-
ih-,l- ,DV ds vk/kkj ij tekur dk izkFkZuk&i= [kkfjt fd, tkus dk fuosnu
fd;kA

05-          eSaus mi;qZDr rdkZsa ij euu fd;k rFkk i=koyh dk voyksdu fd;kA
loZizFke fof/kd fLFkfr ij bl ekeys esa fopkj fd;k tk jgk gSA /kkjk 37
¼1½¼ch½ ,u-Mh-ih-,l- ,DV esa fuEukuqlkj izko/kku fd;k x;k gS fd%&

             "37. Offences to be cognizable and nonbailable.--
             (1) Notwithstanding anything contained in the
             Code of      Criminal Procedure, 1973 (2 of 1974),
             --

                   (a)    ------
                   (b)      no person accused of an offence

punishable for [offences under Section 19 or Section 24 or Section 27A and also for offences involving commercial quantity] shall be released on bail or on his own bond unless--

(i) the Public Prosecutor has been given an opportunity to oppose the application for such release, and

(ii) where the Public Prosecutor opposes the application, the court is satisfied that there are reasonable grounds for believing that he is not guilty of such offence and that he is not likely to commit any offence while on bail."

06- ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; ds U;kf;d n`"Vkarksa Hkkjr la?k cuke jkeleq> o vU; 1999 ¼9½ ,l-lh-lh- 429] Union of India Vs Rattan Mallik @ Habul 2009(1) Drugs Cases (Narcotics) 10: ¿ 2009 ¼2½ ,l-lh-lh- 624À] Hkkjr la?k cuke fu;ktqnhu] ,l- ds- ,oa vU; 2018¼1½ Drugs Cases (Narcotics)

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283: ¿ 2018 ¼13½ ,l-lh-lh- 738À o State of Kerala Vs Rajesh 2020(1) Drugs Cases (Narcotics) 106 % ¿ ¼2020½ 12 ,l-lh-lh- 122À esa /kkjk 37 ,u-Mh-

ih-,l- ,DV dh O;k[;k dh xbZ gS vkSj ;g Li"V fd;k x;k gS fd /kkjk 37 ¼1½¼ch½¼ii½ esa tks viokn fn, x, gSa] mlds fy, fjtuscy xzkm.M gksuk vko';d gSA mlh voLFkk esa tekur ij fjgk fd;k tk ldrk gS vU;Fkk tekur ij fjgk ugha fd;k tk ldrkA

07- ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; ds rhu ekuuh; U;k;kf/kifrx.k dh ihB ds fu.kZ; Narcotics Control Bureau Versus Mohit Aggarwal, AIR 2022 S.C. 3444 ds ekeys esa ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; ds iwoZ ds rhu ekuuh; U;k;kf/kifrx.k

dh ihB ds fu.kZ; Collector of Customs, New Delhi v. Ahmadalieva Nodir (2004) 3 SCC 549 o ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; ds v/khuLFk U;k;ky; ds vkns'k

esa of.kZr State of Kerala Vs Rajesh (2020)12 SCC 122 ij fopkj djrs gq, iSjk la[;k 11] 14] 15 o 18 esa fuEukuqlkj mfYyf[kr fd;k x;k gS%&

11. It is evident from a plain reading of the non- obstante clause inserted in sub-section (1) and the conditions imposed in sub-section (2) of Section 37 that there are certain restrictions placed on the power of the Court when granting bail to a person accused of having committed an offence under the NDPS Act. Not only are the limitations imposed under Section 439 of the Criminal Procedure Code, 1973 to be kept in mind, the restrictions placed under clause (b) of sub-section (1) of Section 37 are also to be factored in. The conditions imposed in subsection (1) of Section 37 is that (i) the Public Prosecutor ought to be given an opportunity to oppose the application moved by an accused person for release and (ii) if such an application is opposed, then the Court must be satisfied that there are reasonable grounds for believing that the person accused is not guilty of such an offence. Additionally, the Court must be satisfied that the accused person is unlikely to commit any offence while on bail.

14. To sum up, the expression "reasonable grounds"

used in clause (b) of Sub-Section (1) of Section 37 would mean credible, plausible and grounds for the Court to believe that the accused person is not guilty of the alleged offence. For arriving at any such conclusion, such facts and circumstances must exist in a case that can persuade the Court to believe that the accused person would not have committed such an offence. Dove-tailed with the aforesaid

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satisfaction is an additional consideration that the accused person is unlikely to commit any offence while on bail.

15. We may clarify that at the stage of examining an application for bail in the context of the Section 37 of the Act, the Court is not required to record a finding that the accused person is not guilty. The Court is also not expected to weigh the evidence for arriving at a finding as to whether the accused has committed an offence under the NDPS Act or not. The entire exercise that the Court is expected to undertake at this stage is for the limited purpose of releasing him on bail. Thus, the focus is on the availability of reasonable grounds for believing that the accused is not guilty of the offences that he has been charged with and he is unlikely to commit an offence under the Act while on bail.

18. In our opinion the narrow parameters of bail available under Section 37 of the Act, have not been satisfied in the facts of the instant case. At this stage, it is not safe to conclude that the respondent has successfully demonstrated that there are reasonable grounds to believe that he is not guilty of the offence alleged against him, for him to have been admitted to bail. The length of the period of his custody or the fact that the charge-sheet has been filed and the trial has commenced are by themselves not considerations that can be treated as persuasive grounds for granting relief to the respondent under Section 37 of the NDPS Act.

08- blh izdkj ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; }kjk Union of India Versus Ajay Kumar Singh alias Pappu, Criminal Appeal No. 952 of 2023 Decided

on March 28, 2023 [2023] 2 Supreme 755 esa Hkh /kkjk 37 ,u-Mh-ih-,l- ,DV

ds izko/kkuksa ij fopkj djrs vihy Lohdkj dh xbZ vkSj iSjk la[;k 14] 16 o 17 esa fuEukuqlkj mfYyf[kr fd;k x;k%&

14. This apart, it is noticed that the High Court, in passing the impugned order of bail, had lost sight of Section 37 of the NDPS Act, which, inter alia, provides that no person accused of an offence involving commercial quantity shall be released on bail unless the twin conditions laid down therein are satisfied, namely, (i) the public prosecutor has been given an opportunity to oppose the bail application; and (ii) the court is satisfied that there are reasonable grounds for believing that he is not guilty of such an offence and that he is not likely to commit any such offence while on bail.

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16. In view of the above provisions, it is implicit that no person accused of an offence involving trade in commercial quantity of narcotics is liable to be released on bail unless the court is satisfied that there are reasonable grounds for believing that he is not guilty of such an offence and that he is not likely to commit any offence while on bail.

17. The quantity of "ganja" recovered is admittedly of commercial quantity. The High Court has not recorded any finding that the respondent-accused is not prima facie guilty of the offence alleged and that he is not likely to commit the same offence when enlarged on bail rather his antecedents are indicative that he is a regular offender. In the absence of recording of such satisfaction by the court, we are of the opinion that the High Court manifestly erred in enlarging the respondent-accused on bail.

09- ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; }kjk vius uohure U;kf;d n`"Vkar STATE By The Inspector Of Police Vs. B. Ramu Criminal Appeal No. 801 OF 2024 Date of Judgment February 12, 2024. [2024] 0 Supreme (SC) 130 ds ekeys esa Hkh /kkjk 37 ,u-Mh-ih-,l- ,DV dh /kkjk ij fopkj djrs gq, enzkl

mPp U;k;ky; dh ,dyihB }kjk ,u-Mh-ih-,l- ,DV ds ekeys esa varxZr /kkjk 438 lhvkj-ih-lh- vfxze tekur ij fjgk djus ds vkns'k ds fo:) vihy Lohdkj djrs gq, iSjk la[;k 9] 11 o 12 esa fuEukuqlkj mfYyf[kr fd;k x;k gS%&

9. A plain reading of statutory provision makes it abundantly clear that in the event, the Public Prosecutor opposes the prayer for bail either regular or anticipatory, as the case may be, the Court would have to record a satisfaction that there are grounds for believing that the accused is not guilty of the offence alleged and that he is not likely to commit any offence while on bail.

11. In case of recovery of such a huge quantity of narcotic substance, the Courts should be slow in granting even regular bail to the accused what to talk of anticipatory bail more so when the accused is alleged to be having criminal antecedents.

12. For entertaining a prayer for bail in a case involving recovery of commercial quantity of narcotic drug or psychotropic substance, the Court would have to mandatorily record the satisfaction in terms of the rider contained in Section 37 of the NDPS Act.

10- ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; }kjk Satender Kumar Antil vs. CBI & Anr AIR 2022 SC 3386 esa ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; ds iwoZ ds U;kf;d n`"Vkar Union of India vs. K.A. Najeeb, (2021) 3 SCC 713 o Supreme Court

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Legal Aid Committee vs. Union of India (1994) 6 SCC 731 ds vk/kkj ij

fofHkUu dSVsxjht ds vijk/kksa ds laca/k esa /kkjk 436, lhvkj-ih-lh- ds izko/kkuksa ij fopkj fd;k x;k vkSj dSVsxjh ^lh* Lis'ky ,DV tSls NDPS (S.37), PMLA (S.45), UAPA (S.43D(5), Companies Act, 212(6), vkfn ekeyksa ds laca/k esa

iSjk la[;k 64 esa fuEukuqlkj foospu fd;k x;k gS%&

64. Now we shall come to category (C). We do not wish to deal with individual enactments as each special Act has got an objective behind it, followed by the rigor imposed. The general principle governing delay would apply to these categories also. To make it clear, the provision contained in Section 436A of the Code would apply to the Special Acts also in the absence of any specific provision. For example, the rigor as provided under Section 37 of the NDPS Act would not come in the way in such a case as we are dealing with the liberty of a person. We do feel that more the rigor, the quicker the adjudication ought to be. After all, in these types of cases number of witnesses would be very less and there may not be any justification for prolonging the trial. Perhaps there is a need to comply with the directions of this Court to expedite the process and also a stricter compliance of Section 309 of the Code.

11- mDr U;kf;d n`"Vkar ds i'pkr ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; }kjk Mohd. Muslim alias Hussain Versus State (NCT of Delhi) Criminal Appeal No.

943 of 2023 Date of Judgment 28-03-2023 (AIR 2023 (SC) 1648) ds

ekeys esa vfHk;qDr tks fd 23 o"kZ dh vk;q dk fxjQ~rkjh ds le; Fkk] vkSj fnukad 28-09-2015 dks 4 eqfYteksa] ftlesa ls ,d furs'k ,dk Hkh Fkk] ls xkatk dh cjkenxh gqbZ Fkh vkSj ;kph dks furs'k ,dk ds c;ku ds vk/kkj ij fxjQ~rkj fd;k x;k Fkk] bl vk/kkj ij 7 o"kZ 4 ekg dh U;kf;d vfHkj{kk dh vof/k gksus vkSj 30 xokgksa ds c;ku gksus o 34 xokgksa ds c;ku gksuk 'ks"k ekuk x;k vkSj lrsUnz dqekj vafry okys ekeys ij fopkj djrs gq, /kkjk 436, lhvkj-ih-lh- ds izko/kku ,u-Mh-ih-,l- ,DV ds ekeys esa ykxw gksuk ekurs gq, tekur ij fjgk fd;k x;kA 12- ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; ds uohure U;kf;d n`"Vkar Union of India Vs. Vigin K. Varghese 2025 INSC 1316 ds ekeys esa ekuuh; cksEcs mPp U;k;ky; ds vkns'k fnukad 22-01-2025 vkSj 12-03-2025 dks fujLr fd;k x;k vkSj bl ekeys esa cksEcs mPp U;k;ky; }kjk /kkjk 37 ,u-Mh-ih-,l- o yach U;kf;d vof/k vDVwcj 2022 ls vfHk;qDr dh fxjQ~rkjh fd, gksus ds vk/kkj ij tekur dk izkFkZuk&i= Lohdkj fd;k x;k Fkk] ml ekeys esa okf.kfT;d ek=k esa dksfdu dh

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cjkenxh gksus ls /kkjk 37 ,u-Mh-ih-,l- ,DV ds izko/kku ij fopkj djrs gq, vkns'k ikfjr djus ds funsZ'k fn, x,A 13- iwoZ esa mfYyf[kr ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; ds U;kf;d n`"Vkarksa ds ifjizs{; esa /kkjk 37 ¼1½¼ch½ ds rgr ;ksX; yksd vfHk;kstd }kjk tekur dk fojks/k djus dh lwjr esa tekur ds izkFkZuk&i= ij fopkj djrs gq, U;k;ky; vkjksih O;fDr dks rHkh tekur ns ldrk gS tc og larq"V gks fd ;g fo'okl djus ds fy, mfpr vk/kkj gSa fd og bl rjg ds vijk/k dk nks"kh ugha gS vkSj tekur ij jgrs gq,] mlds }kjk dksbZ vijk/k djus dh laHkkouk ugha gSA ;s nksuksa 'krsZa iwjh ugha gksus ij tekur ij fjgk ugha fd;k tk ldrkA bl vk/kkj ij fd vfHk;qDr ds fo:) pkyku is'k gks pqdk gS ;k vfHk;qDr dkQh le; ls U;kf;d vfHkj{kk esa py jgk gS] vfHk;qDr dks tekur dk ykHk izkIr djus dk vf/kdkjh ugha gSA ijarq ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; ds lrsUnz dqekj vafry okys ekeys ds vk/kkj ij /kkjk 436, lhvkj-ih-lh- ds izko/kku izdj.k esa ykxw gksus dh voLFkk esa tekur ij fjgk fd;s tkus ij fopkj fd;k tk ldrk gSA /kkjk 37 ,u-Mh-ih-,l- ,DV esa gh ;g vafdr fd;k x;k gS fd /kkjk 19] ;k /kkjk 24 ;k /kkjk 27, ds lacaf/kr vijk/k o ,sls ekeys] ftlesa okf.kfT;d ek=k ds vkfVZdy cjken gq, gSa] mu ekeyksa esa /kkjk 37 ¼1½ ¼ch½ ,u-Mh-ih-,l- ,DV ds izko/kku ykxw gksaxsA 14- vr% iwoZ esa of.kZr fof/kd fLFkfr dks en~nsutj j[krs gq, gLrxr ekeys ij fopkj fd;k x;kA gLrxr ekeys esa ;kph dh vksj ls /kkjk 436, lhvkj-ih-lh- ds eqrkfcd tekur dh izkFkZuk ugha dh xbZ gSA nkSjkus cgl fo}ku vf/koDrk izkFkhZ&vfHk;qDr dh vksj ls eq[; :i ls ;gh vk/kkj fy;k x;k gS fd izkFkhZ&vfHk;qDr fnukad 01-05-2024 ls U;kf;d vfHkj{kk esa gS tks yxHkx Ms<+ o"kZ ls vf/kd dh vof/k U;kf;d vfHkj{kk dh gks pqdh gSA yach vof/k ls U;kf;d vfHkj{kk esa gksus ls o vHkh rd fopkj.k lekIr ugha gks tkus ds vk/kkj ij gh eq[; :i ls tekur ij fjgk fd, tkus dh izkFkZuk dh xbZ gSA 15- ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; ds rhu ekuuh; U;k;kf/kifrx.k ds N.C.B. Vs. Mohit Aggarwal ¼iwoksZDr½ okys U;kf;d n`"Vkar ds iwoZ esa of.kZr iSjk la[;k 18

esa of.kZrkuqlkj U;kf;d vfHkj{kk dh yach vof/k ds vk/kkj ij o pktZ'khV is'k gks tkus ds vk/kkj ij tekur dk ykHk ugha fn;k tk ldrkA ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; ds uohure U;kf;d n`"Vkar Union of India Vs. Vigin K. Varghese ¼iwoksZDr½ okys ekeys esa cksEcs mPp U;k;ky; }kjk vDVwcj 2022 ls U;kf;d vfHkj{kk esa izkFkhZ&vfHk;qDr ds gksus dks Hkh tekur dk vk/kkj cuk;k x;k FkkA tks ekuuh; cksEcs mPp U;k;ky; dk vkns'k ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; }kjk fujLr dj fn;k x;kA

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16- ,slh voLFkk esa dsoy Ms<+ o"kZ ls vf/kd vof/k U;kf;d vfHkj{kk esa gksus ds vk/kkj ij bl ekeys esa izkFkhZ&vfHk;qDr dks tekur dk ykHk fn;k tkuk U;k;ksfpr izrhr ugha gksrkA fo}ku vf/koDrk izkFkhZ&vfHk;qDr dh vksj ls iwoZ esa izLrqr ekuuh; mPPkre U;k;ky; ds U;kf;d n`"Vkar Shambhulal Gurjar @ Rohit Vs. State of Rajasthan o Devendra Kumar Mishra @ Bade Guru Vs. The

State of Madhya Predesh ¼iwoksZDr½ esa ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; ds vkn'kksa ds

vk/kkj ij iwoZ esa of.kZr ekuuh; mPPre U;k;ky; ds rhu ekuuh; U;k;kf/kifrx.k ds U;kf;d n`"Vkar N.C.B. Vs. Mohit Aggarwal ¼iwoksZDr½ o ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; ds uohure U;kf;d n`"Vkar Union of India Vs. Vigin K. Varghese ¼iwoksZDr½ esa izfrikfnr fl)karksa ds vk/kkj izkFkhZ&vfHk;qDr tekur dk ykHk izkIr djus dk vf/kdkjh ugha gSA 17- okf.kfT;d izd`fr ds ekeys esa /kkjk 37 ds izko/kku vkKkid gSA mldks en~nsutj j[krs gq, gLrxr ekeys ij fopkj fd;k x;kA gLrxr ekeys esa izkFkhZ&vfHk;qDr xksekjke ds jkrfM;k fLFkr ?kj ds lkeus mldh dsEij xkM+h esa ls 7 iSdsV esas 11 fdyks 05 xzke vQhe dk nw/k ,oa 630 xzke fufeZr vQhe rFkk vQhe nw/k ds ysu&nsu laca/kh jkf'k 19 yk[k :i;s cjken gq, gSa] cksysjks dsEij dk pkyd izkFkhZ&vfHk;qDr gh FkkA tks okf.kfT;d izd`fr dk ekeyk gSA vfHk;qDr ls cjkenlqnk vkfVZdy okf.kfT;d ek=k dh Js.kh esa vkrk gSA ,slh voLFkk esa bl LVst ij izFken`"V;k ,slk ekeyk izrhr ugha gksrk fd izkFkhZ&vfHk;qDr bl rjg ds vijk/k esa lafyIr ugha gSA izkFkhZ&vfHk;qDr dks tekur dk ykHk fn, tkus ls bl rjg ds vijk/k dh iqujko`fRr djus dh laHkkouk u gksA 18- ,slh voLFkk esa /kkjk 37 ¼1½ ¼ch½ ,u-Mh-ih-,l- ,DV esa vafdr nksuksa viokfnr ifjfLFkfr;ka izkFkhZ&vfHk;qDr ds ekeys esa ugha gSA ,slh voLFkk esa izkFkhZ&vfHk;qDr dk tekur dk izkFkZuk&i= [kkfjt fd, tkus ;ksX; gSA

19- ifj.kker% izkFkhZ&vfHk;qDr dh vksj ls izLrqr f}rh; tekur vkosnu i= vUrxZr /kkjk 439 naM izfØ;k lafgrk ¼483 ch-,u-,l-,l-½ [kkfjt fd;k tkrk gSA

(YOGENDRA KUMAR PUROHIT),J 167-mayank/-

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