Madras High Court
S.P.R.Dhamodharan vs R.Ramasamy on 25 October, 2024
Crl.R.C.(MD).No.731 of 2024
BEFORE THE MADURAI BENCH OF MADRAS HIGH COURT
Reserved on : 02.08.2024
Pronounced on : 25.10.2024
CORAM
THE HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE K.K.RAMAKRISHNAN
Crl.R.C.(MD)Nos.731 of 2024
and
Crl.M.P(MD).Nos.7741 and 7743 of 2024
S.P.R.Dhamodharan ... Petitioner
Vs.
R.Ramasamy
Represented through his power agent
Angusamy ... Respondent
PRAYER: This Criminal Revision Petition has been filed under Section 397 &
401 of Cr.P.C., to call for the entire records pertaining to the judgment rendered
by the I Additional District Sessions Judge, Thoothukudi in C.A.No.121 of
2017 vide judgment dated 29.08.2019 filed as against the acquittal judgment
passed by the learned Fast Track Court,(Magisterial Level), Kovilpatti,
Thoothukudi in C.C.No.21 of 2012 vide judgment dated 27.12.2012 and set
aside the same and thereby acquit the petitioner from the charge leveled in the
said case honorably.
1/13
https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis
Crl.R.C.(MD).No.731 of 2024
For Petitioner : Mr.R.Anand
For Respondent : Mr.R.Pon Karthikeyan
ORDER
The accused in C.C.No.21 of 2012 on the file of the learned Judicial
Magistrate Fast Track Court, Kovilpatti, has filed this revision case, challenging
the conviction and sentence imposed against him under Section 138 of NI Act, to
undergo 6 months of simple imprisonment and directed to pay the cheque
amount of Rs.5,00,000/- as a compensation, in Crl.A.No.121 of 2017 on the file
of the I Additional District and Sessions Court, Thoothukudi.
2. The respondent/complainant has filed the complaint under Section 138
r/w142 of the NI Act, against the revision petitioner with the allegation that the
petitioner borrowed a sum of Rs.5,00,000/- in the last week of May 2008 for the
purpose of his business development with a promise to repay the said amount
within a period of six months. Thereafter, he has not paid the amount and hence,
the respondent insisted to make the repayment. Therefore, the petitioner issued a
cheque dated 20.02.2009 for the value of Rs.5,00,000/- to discharge his debt.
https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis
The same was dishonoured due to insufficient fund in the account of the
petitioner. Therefore, he issued the legal notice on 21.08.2009, and the same was
received by the petitioner on 25.08.2009. The petitioner sent a reply and disputed
the issuance of cheque and his liability. Therefore, the respondent filed the
complaint and the same was taken on file in C.C.No.21 of 2012. Summon was
issued to the petitioner and on his appearance, copies were served in compliance
with 207 of Cr.P.C., and charges were framed and he pleaded not guilty and he
stood for trial.
3. To prove the case, the respondent examined himself as P.W.1 and
marked Ex.P1 to Ex.P6. Thereafter, the petitioner was questioned under Section
313 Cr.P.C., by putting the incriminating materials available against him. The
petitioner denied the same as false and on his side, he examined Inspector of
Police as R.W.1 and filed the documents Ex.C1 and Ex.C2.
4. The learned trial Judge after considering the entire circumstances of the
case and evidence, acquitted the petitioner. Aggrieved over the same, the
respondent preferred the appeal in C.A.No.121 of 2017 before the I Additional
District and Sessions Court, Thoothukudi, and the learned Appellant Judge was
https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis
allowed the appeal and passed conviction and sentence of imprisonment of six
months and directed to pay the compensation of Rs.5,00,000/- as stated above,
through the impugned judgment dated 29.08.2019. Challenging the same, the
petitioner has filed this criminal revision case before this Court.
5. The learned counsel for the petitioner submitted that the District Court
has no jurisdiction to entertain the appeal against acquittal in view of the Hon'ble
Full Bench Judgment reported in (2020) 4 CTC 1. Therefore, the impugned
judgment is liable to be set aside.
5.1.The learned counsel for the petitioner submitted that the learned
appellant Judge has not followed the any of the parameters laid down by the
Hon'ble Supreme Court which are to be followed in the case of the appeal
against the acquittal.
5.2.The learned counsel for the petitioner submitted that the learned trial
Judge has considered that police complaint laid prior to the alleged date of the
issuance of the cheque with specific allegation that the respondent forcibly had
taken the blank cheque from the petitioner. The said complaint was enquired by
https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis
R.W.1/Inspector of Police and found that there was no issuance of cheque.
Further, it is unbelievable to give loan of Rs.5,00,000/- without obtaining any
document. It is also not stated in the income tax return of the respondent. The
above facts were considered by the learned trial Judge and specifically has held
that the issuance of cheque to discharge the legally enforceable debt is not
established. The said finding of the learned trial Judge was not properly
considered by the learned appellant Judge and only on the basis of the issuance
of cheque and admission of the signature in the cheque, the learned Appellate
Judge has convicted the petitioner. It is well settled principle that in the case of
the appeal against acquittal, the first Appellate Court has no jurisdiction to
interfere with the acquittal judgment when two views are possible on the
evidence on record. In this case, on the basis of the evidence of R.W.1 and the
other circumstances, there was a possible view that the amount was not received
by the petitioner. Therefore, the learned first Appellate Judge has committed
error in convicting the petitioner by reversing the well considered acquittal
judgment of the learned trial Judge.
6.The learned counsel for the respondent submitted that the petitioner has
not raised any jurisdictional issue before the learned Appellate Judge regarding
https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis
the maintainability of the appeal against acquittal and the judgment of the
Hon'ble Full Bench was delivered on 04.03.2020. Before that earlier Full Bench
Judgment of this Court reported in (2016) 4 CTC 119 was on field and hence, the
learned first appellate judge has correctly entertained the appeal and there was no
jurisdictional error.
6.1.The learned counsel for the respondent further submitted that it is the
case of the petitioner that both the petitioner and the respondent are the close
friends. Therefore, the amount was given to the petitioner herein on the ground
of trust upon him without obtaining any document and the same cannot be taken
against the complainant when the petitioner has not made any complaint with the
allegation that the respondent forcibly taken the blank cheques from the
petitioner. Apart from that the inspector of police specifically admitted that the
original complaint filed under Section 156(3) of Cr.P.C., and forwarded by the
learned Judicial Magistrate was not available. In the absence of the original
complaint, no truthfulness is attached with the present complaint. Therefore, the
evidence of inspector of police is to be rejected holding that he was not a
trustworthy witness. Even in the complaint and during the course of the
proceedings, the petitioner never disputed the cheque and the signature.
https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis
Therefore, in all aspect, the legal presumption under Section 139 of NI Act,
would arise and the petitioner has not dispelled the same in the manner known to
law. Mere examination of the inspector of police, without production of the
original complaint is not sufficient to dispel the legal presumption arise under
Section 139 of NI Act. Once the signature in the cheque was admitted, the
petitioner is duty bound to disprove the complainant's case and the cheque was
not supported with the legal consideration. Mere non-submission of the income
tax return is not a ground to disbelieve the case of the complainant, when he
specifically deposed that he gave the amount to the petitioner and the petitioner's
cheque was in the custody of the respondent. Once, the original cheque was in
the custody of the respondent, the presumption under Section 114(e) of the
Indian Evidence Act, is available and the case of the petitioner that there was no
relationship is not to be accepted. In all circumstances, the learned appellate
Judge was correctly reversed the judgment of the learned trial Judge and
convicted the petitioner.
7.This Court considered the rival submissions made by the learned counsel
appearing on either side and perused the materials available on record.
https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis
8.The contention of the learned counsel for the appellant that the learned
I Additional District and Sessions Judge, Thoothukudi, has no jurisdiction cannot
be accepted. Earlier as per the Hon'ble Full Bench judgment of this Court in the
case of Ganapathy Vs. N. Senthilvel, reported in 2016 4 CTC 119, this Court
both in administrative side and the judicial side directed every complainant to
file the appeal before the District Court. Therefore, the appeal had been filed
before the District Court and the judgment was delivered on 29.08.2019. The
subsequent Hon'ble Full Bench judgment heavily relied by the petitioner was
delivered on 04.03.2020. In the said judgment of the Hon'ble Full Bench in
paragraph No.51 it is stated as follows:
51.Even though, we hold S.Ganapathi (Supra) as
judgment perincuriam, the consequence of this judgment
which has resulted orders being passed and which has
become final/acted upon by the parties, can never be
allowed to be re-opened.
In view of the above direction, this Court is unable to accept the argument of the
learned counsel for the petitioner that the impugned judgment is invalid on the
account of the lack of jurisdiction.
https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis
9. From the evidence on record, and the argument of the learned counsel
for the petitioner, it is undisputed fact that both the petitioner and respondent are
close friends and they are acquainted with each other for many years. According
to the petitioner, he had not received any amount from the respondent and his
specific case in the reply notice is that the respondent illegally trespassed into
the petitioner's house and committed theft of the blank cheque. The respondent is
a money lender and he has the habit of receiving the exorbitant interest and he is
not only politically influential person and also muscle men to run his business of
money lending. The respondent without any liability has taken the cheques from
the petitioner under threat and coercion. But, the cross examination of the
petitioner is otherwise. R.W.1/Inspector of the Police was examined. He
produced the records Ex.C1 and Ex.C.2. In his chief examination itself he stated
that he did not know whose signature was found in the complaint marked. The
author of Ex.C1 and Ex.C2 was not examined. From Ex.C1 and Ex.C2 it is clear
that there was some other allegation that has taken place between Sankaran and
Kannan and other person. The said complaint was said to have been given by the
respondent. Further, the said complaint was not original and the specific
evidence is the original was not available. Further evidence is that R.W.1 has no
https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis
knowledge subordinate officer who signed the document under Ex.C1.
Therefore, the entire discussion on the basis of the above said document by the
learned trial Judge is erroneous one. It is the specific case of the petitioner that
he made a petition under section 156(3) of Cr.P.C., and the same was forwarded.
But, according to R.W.1, the same was not available in the station and marked
Ex.C2 is not the original and the same was not found with the seal of Court.
Therefore, the said document is inadmissible and the same is not correctly relied
by the learned Appellate Judge.
10. The finding of the learned trial Judge that the case of the respondent is
unbelievable as no document was obtained for handing over the money of
Rs.5,00,000/-, cannot be accepted for the reason that both the petitioner and the
respondent are close friends and the amount was handed over on trust upon
friendship. The said fact was properly analysed by the learned Appellate Judge
and decided against the petitioner.
11. The non-submission of the income tax return for the amount on the
side of the respondent is not sufficient to dispel the presumption arose under
Section 139 of the NI Act. It is the case of the petitioner that the cheque was
https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis
illegally taken from the custody of the petitioner in forcible manner but he has
not made any complaint and also not taken any steps to inform the bank officials
for stopping payment citing the said reason. The said facts were properly
considered by the learned appellate Judge.
12. In view of the above discussion and in the absence of any evidence
that the respondent forcibly taken the cheque from the custody of the petitioner,
the admission of the signature in the cheque clearly proves that the cheque was
issued for the discharge of the debt amount mentioned therein. There was no
legally valid contra evidence adduced on the side of the petitioner to dispel the
presumption and also no material circumstances were elicited during the course
of the cross examination of the respondent and hence, there was no
circumstances to dispel the presumption under Section 139 of NI Act, and
therefore, the learned Appellant Judge has correctly reversed the acquittal
judgment passed by the learned trial Judge and passed the conviction and this
Court finds no perversity in the finding of the learned appellate judge in
reversing the acquittal judgment. Therefore, this Court finds no merits in the
revision.
https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis
13. Accordingly, the Criminal Revision Case stands dismissed and the
judgment passed by the learned I Additional District and Sessions Judge,
Thoothukudi in C.A.No.121 of 2017 dated 29.08.2019 is hereby confirmed.
Consequently, connected miscellaneous petitions are closed.
25.10.2024
NCC : Yes/No
Index : Yes/No
Internet: Yes/No
sbn
To
1. The I Additional District Sessions Judge,
Thoothukudi.
2. The Fast Track Court,(Magisterial Level),
Kovilpatti, Thoothukudi.
3. The Additional Public Prosecutor,
Madurai Bench of Madras High Court, Madurai.
4.The Section Officer,
Criminal Section (Records),
Madurai Bench of Madras High Court, Madurai.
https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis
K.K.RAMAKRISHNAN, J.
sbn
and
Crl.M.P(MD).Nos.7741 and 7743 of 2024
25.10.2024
https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis
