Madras High Court
Kalingaraj vs Nagarathinam on 17 November, 2022
CMA(MD)No.1474 of 2016
BEFORE THE MADURAI BENCH OF MADRAS HIGH COURT
DATED : 17.11.2022
CORAM
THE HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE M.S. RAMESH
AND
THE HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE N.ANAND VENKATESH
C.M.A(MD)No.1474 of 2016
Kalingaraj ...Appellant
Vs.
Nagarathinam ...Respondent
PRAYER: Civil Miscellaneous Appeal filed under Section 19 of the the
Family Court Act to set aside the judgment and decree, dated 18.10.2016
made in H.M.O.P No.259 of 2015, on the file of the Family Court, Trichy.
For Petitioner : Mr.Raguvaran Gopalan
For Respondent : No appearance
1/10
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CMA(MD)No.1474 of 2016
JUDGMENT
(Judgment of the Court was delivered by N. ANAND VENKATESH,J.)
This appeal has been filed by the husband challenging the judgment
and decree passed by the family Court, Trichy, made in HMOP No.259/2015
dated 18.10.2016, dismissing the petition filed for dissolution of marriage on
the ground of cruelty and desertion.
2.The case of the appellant is that the marriage between the appellant
and the respondent took place on 27.06.1996 and out of the said wedlock, a
female child was born on 18.03.1997. Thereafter, the respondent is said to
have deserted the appellant from April 1998 onwards. A petition was filed by
the respondent in HMOP No.69/2000 seeking for the relief of restitution of
conjugal rights and the same was decreed on 10.02.2003. Thereafter, the
respondent filed two execution petitions and both were not prosecuted and
were dismissed for default in the years 2008 and 2010 respectively. Even
thereafter, the respondent did not join the appellant. It was further alleged
that the respondent has treated the appellant with cruelty by abusing him
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CMA(MD)No.1474 of 2016
before others and also giving a criminal complaint against him and his father.
3. The respondent filed a counter and took a stand that she was harassed
and ill-treated by the appellant and his family members and she was driven
out of the matrimonial home. Even after a child was delivered, the appellant
did not care to take the respondent and the child back to the matrimonial
home in spite of being advised by elders and police. Even though the petition
for restitution of conjugal rights was ordered, the same was not complied by
the appellant and hence, the appellant is not entitled for divorce.
4. The appellant examined himself as P.W.1 and marked Ex.P1 to
Ex.P5. The respondent examined herself as D.W.1 and marked Ex.R1 to
Ex.R8. The Court below on considering the facts and circumstances of the
case and on appreciation of evidence, came to a conclusion that the appellant
has not made out a case for dissolution of marriage and dismissed the petition.
Aggrieved by the same, the present appeal has been filed before this Court.
5. Heard the learned counsel for the appellant.
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CMA(MD)No.1474 of 2016
6. On carefully going through the judgment passed by the Court below,
it can be seen that the Court below had only dealt with the ground of
desertion and had not rendered any finding on the ground of cruelty. Insofar
as the finding with respect to the ground of desertion, there is no scope to
interfere with the same, since the respondent had obtained a decree for
restitution of conjugal rights and in spite of the same, the appellant did not
join her and hence, the respondent cannot be held to have committed
desertion. The respondent in fact took steps to join the appellant and also
obtained a decree for restitution of conjugal rights. In view of the same, the
appellant did not make out a case for desertion.
7. In this case, various allegations were made against the respondent to
substantiate the ground of cruelty. Unfortunately, the Court below did not
render any finding and the entire judgment deals only with the ground of
desertion. Under such circumstances, this Court would have normally
remanded the matter back to the file of the family Court. However, the
appellant and the respondent are now separated for more than 24 years and no
useful purpose will be served in remanding the matter back to the file of the
family Court.
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CMA(MD)No.1474 of 2016
8. Section 13(1A)(ii) of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 (hereinafter
referred to as 'the Act') provides the following as one of the ground for
divorce:
“13. Divorce.—
...
[(1A) Either party to a marriage, whether solemnized
before or after the commencement of this Act, may also
present a petition for the dissolution of the marriage by a
decree of divorce on the ground—
...
(ii) that there has been no restitution of conjugal rights
as between the parties to the marriage for a period of 8 [one
year] or upwards after the passing of a decree for restitution of
conjugal rights in a proceeding to which they were parties.]”
9. It is clear from the above provision that either party to a marriage can
present a petition for dissolution of marriage on the ground that there was no
restitution of conjugal rights for a period of one year or upwards, even after a
decree for restitution of conjugal rights was passed. In the instant case, a
decree for restitution of conjugal rights was passed in HMOP No.69/2000 on
10.02.2003. Thereafter, the respondent filed two execution petitions and both
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CMA(MD)No.1474 of 2016
the petitions were not prosecuted and they were dismissed on 05.08.2008 and
24.09.2010 respectively. Under such circumstances, the issue to be
considered is as to whether divorce can be granted in favour of the husband
since there is no restitution of conjugal rights for a period of more than 19
years.
10. In Anantha Padmanabhan @ Balu v. Sassicala [(2008) 5 MLJ
216], the Division Bench of this Court had an opportunity to consider as to
whether the husband will be entitled to maintain a petition for divorce under
Section 13(1A) of the Act, where the wife had obtained a decree for
restitution of conjugal rights. Considering the law on the question, it was
held as follows:
“11.While considering the aforesaid contention, it is to be
kept in mind, whether a spouse against whom a decree for restitution
of conjugal rights has been passed at the instance of other spouse can
at all have locus-standi to claim divorce on the ground that there has
been no restitution of conjugal rights as between the parties for a
period of one year after the passing of decree for restitution of
conjugal rights. Even though in first blush one may tend to accept
such a contention, a careful reading of the provisions of the Hindu
Marriage Act, particularly the amendments thereof from time to time
persuades us to come to a conclusion that it cannot be laid down that
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CMA(MD)No.1474 of 2016
only the person, at whose instance a decree for restitution of
conjugal rights had been granted, can claim divorce on the ground
that there has been no restitution of conjugal rights within the
stipulated period.
...
16.Thus, a reading of these provisions indicate that under
Section 13(1), either party to the marriage can present the petition for
dissolution of marriage on the ground that there was default on the
part of the other. Under Section 13(2), a wife can file application for
dissolution of marriage on the ground of certain defaults on the part
of the husband. Similarly, under section 13(1A), the petition can be
presented by either party to the marriage on the ground of non-
resumption of cohabitation for a period of one year after the decree
for judicial separation or non-restitution of conjugal rights for a
period of one year after such a decree for restitution of conjugal
rights. While the emphasis under sections 13(1) and 13(2) is on
some fault of the other party, Section 13(1A) recognises dissolution
of marriage on the footing that marriage has broken down. Section
13(1A) does not contemplate that only the party who had obtained
the decree for judicial separation or the decree for restitution of
conjugal rights can alone sue for dissolution of marriage on the
ground that there has been no resumption of cohabitation or on the
ground that there has been no restitution of conjugal rights. It is thus
clear that either party to the marriage can sue for dissolution of
marriage under Section 13(1A) on the ground that there has been no
restitution of conjugal rights for a period of one year after such a
decree has been passed.”
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CMA(MD)No.1474 of 2016
11. It is clear from the above that the husband can maintain a petition
for dissolution of marriage under Section 13(1A) of the Act even though a
decree for restitution of conjugal rights was obtained by the wife. As stated
above, the appellant and the respondent have been separated for more than 24
years and the marriage itself has become a deadwood. The agony has to come
to an end at some stage and no useful purpose will be served in once again
driving the parties to the Court below. In view of the same, this Court is
inclined to grant divorce to the appellant under Section 13(1A) (ii) of the Act.
12. In the result, the judgment and decree passed by the family Court,
Trichy in H.M.O.P No.259 of 2015 dated 18.10.2016 is hereby set aside and
the marriage between the appellant and the respondent that took place on
27.06.1996 is hereby dissolved and this appeal stands allowed. No costs.
[M.S.R.,J] [N.A.V.,J]
17.11.2022
Index : Yes / No
Internet : Yes
RR
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CMA(MD)No.1474 of 2016
To
The Family Court,Trichy.
https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis
CMA(MD)No.1474 of 2016
M.S. RAMESH, J.
AND
N.ANAND VENKATESH,J.
RR
CMA(MD) No.1474 of 2016
17.11.2022
https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis
