Madras High Court
R.P.Ramasamy vs The Inspector Of Police on 20 April, 2021
Crl.R.C. No.549 of 2020
IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT MADRAS
Reserved on : 24.08.2021
Delivered on : 07.01.2022
CORAM :
THE HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE P. VELMURUGAN
Crl. R.C. No.549 of 2020
and
Crl.M.P.No.4333 of 2020
1.R.P.Ramasamy
(Criminal Revision Case is dismissed as
against the 1st petitioner)
2.S.Dhanapal ... Revision Petitioners
Vs.
State by :
1.The Inspector of Police,
District Crime Branch,
Salem.
2.M.Sundaram
(Criminal Revision Case is dismissed as
against the 2nd respondent) ... Respondents
[Amended as per order in Crl.R.C.No.549 of 2020
and Crl.M.P.No.4333 of 2020 dated 20.04.2021]
Criminal Revision Case filed under Section 397 Cr.P.C., against
the judgment of the III Additional District and Sessions Judge, Salem, in
Crl.A.No.105 of 2019 dated 12.02.2020, reversing the judgment of
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Crl.R.C. No.549 of 2020
acquittal passed by the Judicial Magistrate No.I, Attur, in C.C.No.492 of
2006, dated 10.03.2017.
1st Petitioner : Died
(Criminal Revision Case dismissed
as against 1st petitioner)
For 2nd Petitioner : Mr.S.Jeyakumar
For R1 : Mr.S.Sugendran
Government Advocate (Crl. Side)
R2 : Died
(Criminal Revision Case dismissed
as against R2)
ORDER
This Criminal Revision Case has been filed against the judgment
of the III Additional District and Sessions Judge, Salem, in Crl.A.No.105
of 2019, dated 12.02.2020, reversing the judgment of acquittal passed by
the Judicial Magistrate No.I, Attur, in C.C.No.492 of 2006, dated
10.03.2017.
2.The respondent Police registered a case against the petitioners
based on the complaint given by the 2nd respondent, in Crime No.55 of
2005. The 1st respondent Police, after registering the case for the offences
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Crl.R.C. No.549 of 2020
under Sections 120(b) r/w. 420, 408, 409 & 477(A) IPC and after
completing the investigation, laid a charge-sheet before the learned Judicial
Magistrate No.I, Attur.
3.The learned Judicial Magistrate, after completing the
formalities under Section 207 Cr.P.C., framed charges for the offences
under Sections 120(b) r/w. 420, 408, 409 and 477(A) IPC against the 1st
petitioner (A1) and for the offences under Sections 120(b) r/w. 420, 408,
409, 109, 477(A) and 109 r/w. 420 IPC against the 2 nd petitioner (A2).
The learned Magistrate, after trial, found the petitioners not guilty of the
offences and acquitted the petitioners.
4.Challenging the said judgment of acquittal, the de facto
complainant/2nd respondent herein, filed Criminal Appeal before the
Principal District and Sessions Judge, Salem. The learned Principal
District and Sessions Judge, Salem, had taken the case on file in
Crl.A.No.105 of 2019 and made over the same to the III Additional
District and Sessions Judge, Salem, for disposal in accordance with law.
The learned III Additional District and Sessions Judge, after receiving the
file and hearing the arguments advanced on either side, as an Appellate
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Crl.R.C. No.549 of 2020
Court which is a fact finding Court, re-appreciated the entire evidence and
found the petitioners guilty of the offences and set aside the judgment of
the learned Judicial Magistrate and reversed the judgment and convicted
and sentenced the petitioners (A1 and A2) as follows :
Petitioners/ Provision under Sentence
Accused which convicted
Section 120(b) r/w. Five years Rigorous
420 IPC Imprisonment and a fine of
Rs.2,000/-, in default, to
undergo Rigorous
Imprisonment for six months
Section 408 IPC Five years Rigorous
A1 & A2 Imprisonment and a fine of
Rs.2,000/-, in default, to
undergo Rigorous
Imprisonment for six months
Section 477-A IPC Five years Rigorous
Imprisonment
A1 Section 409 IPC Seven years Rigorous
Imprisonment and a fine of
Rs.3,000/-, in default, to
undergo Rigorous
Imprisonment for six months
A2 Section 409 r/w.109 Seven years Rigorous
IPC Imprisonment and a fine of
Rs.3,000/-, in default, to
undergo Rigorous
Imprisonment for six months
The sentences shall run concurrently.
5.Challenging the above said judgment of conviction and
sentence passed by the Appellate Court, both the accused have filed the
present Criminal Revision Case before this Court.
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Crl.R.C. No.549 of 2020
6.During the pendency of this Revision, the 1st petitioner died
and the 2nd respondent/de facto complainant also died. Therefore, the
Revision Case was dismissed against the 1st petitioner (A1) and also the 2nd
respondent/de facto complainant. Now, the matter is between the 2nd
petitioner/A2 and the 1st respondent/Inspector of Police, District Crime
Branch.
7.The learned counsel for the petitioners submitted that the
Appellate Court failed to appreciate the fact that the petition to condone
the delay in filing the appeal was not filed by the appellant/de facto
complainant. Since there is a delay in filing the appeal, without condoning
the delay, the appeal should not have been taken on file and should not
have been decided on merits. The learned counsel would further submit
that the alleged misappropriation is said to have taken place during the
year 1997-98 and the complaint was lodged only during the year 2004 and
a case was registered only in the year 2005, which was politically
motivated and tainted with malafides. He would further submit that P.W.1
had taken charge as the President of Appammasamuthiram Village
Panchayat during the year 2001 and the complaint was lodged only in the
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Crl.R.C. No.549 of 2020
year 2003, which is tainted with an oblique political motive, since the de
facto complainant belongs to ADMK Political Party and the petitioners are
the members of the Communist Party.
8.The learned counsel for the petitioners would further submit
that, though the Investigating Agency has stated that the misappropriation
had taken place during the year 1997-98, no legally admissible materials
were placed before the Court to substantiate the alleged misappropriation.
A2, the 2nd petitioner herein, has sent a telegram to the higher official
regarding the corrupt practice done by P.W.1, which was the motive
behind P.W.1 lodging the complaint (Ex.P1) against the petitioners. Even
the demand notice given by P.W.1 to Salem Textiles Private Limited was
not marked before the trial Court.
9.The learned counsel for the petitioners would further submit
that the Appellate Court failed to consider the fact that, in Ex.P1, there is
no proof that the accused had collected Professional Tax and collection of
House Tax alone was shown in the column. Exs.P2, P4 and P5 are totally
irrelevant to the present case. The Appellate Court failed to consider the
fact that Ex.P7/Chitta Book is also irrelevant to the case. Now, 1st
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Crl.R.C. No.549 of 2020
petitioner/A1 also died. He was the President of the Panchayat, however,
the present petitioner/A2 is only a Clerk of the Panchayat and he has
nothing to do with any of the transactions independently and he would act
only as per the instructions of the President, Secretary or other superior
officials and the trial Court rightly appreciated the entire evidence and
found the petitioners not guilty of the offences. However, the Appellate
Court failed to appreciate the entire evidence and simply allowed the
appeal and convicted the petitioners, which warrants interference by this
Court.
10.The learned Government Advocate (Crl. Side), appearing on
behalf of the 1st respondent, would submit that, during the relevant point of
time, A1 was working as President of the said Panchayat and A2 was
working as Clerk and they misappropriated the funds of the Panchayat
during the Financial Year 1997-98 for unlawful gains, causing loss to the
Panchayat. Though the learned Judicial Magistrate failed to appreciate the
evidence of P.W.1 and P.W.2 and wrongly acquitted the petitioners, the
Appellate Court, as a final Court of fact finding Court, had re-appreciated
the entire evidence and has rightly convicted both the petitioners. Now,
A1/1st petitioner is no more and the Revision Case as against A1/1st
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Crl.R.C. No.549 of 2020
petitioner has already been dismissed and now, the Revision is only as
against A2/2nd petitioner alone. The learned Government Advocate would
further submit that there is no merit in this Revision Case and this
Criminal Revision is liable to be dismissed.
11.Heard the learned counsel on either side and perused the
materials available on record.
12.The case of the prosecution is that the 1 st petitioner/A1 was
the President of Appamma Samuthiram Village Panchayat during the
period from 1996 to 2001 and the 2nd petitioner was working as a Clerk of
the above said Panchayat for the past 15 years. During the period between
04.04.1997 and 07.03.1998, at the said Panchayat Office, the petitioners
conspired together to do certain illegal acts, i.e., to commit criminal breach
of trust, falsification of accounts and cheating of funds collected under the
head of Professional Tax, Library Tax and House Tax by serving demand
notice to the Salem Textiles Private Limited situated at Selliyampalayam to
the tune of Rs.2,02,400/-, by which, they misappropriated the amount of
Rs.95,700/- by way of bringing out in the Cash Chitta Book of Panchayat.
Furthermore, the petitioners, using their official capacity, committed
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criminal breach of trust to a tune of Rs.95,700/- and caused wrongful loss
to the Panchayat. Moreover, the petitioners falsified the accounts of
registers by way of issuing undated receipts to the above said Textile Mill,
as if the said amount was remitted into the accounts of the Village
Panchayat. Therefore, the petitioners have jointly committed the offences
charged against them as above.
13.Before the trial Court, in order to prove the case of the
prosecution, totally 6 witnesses were examined as P.W.1 to P.W.6, 11
documents were marked as Exs.P1 to P11. No Material Object was
exhibited.
14.On completion of examination of prosecution witnesses, the
incriminating circumstances culled out from the evidence of the
prosecution witnesses were put before the petitioners, by questioning under
Section 313 Cr.P.C. However, they denied the same as false and pleaded
“not guilty”.
15.On the side of the defence, no oral or documentary evidence
was produced.
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16.On completion of trial and on hearing the arguments
advanced on either side and on perusal of the entire materials on record,
the trial Court, by judgment dated 10.03.2017, acquitted the petitioners of
all the charged offences.
17.Challenging the judgment of acquittal, the de facto
complainant/2nd respondent preferred an appeal before the Appellate Court
and the Appellate Court, being a fact finding Court, on hearing the
arguments advanced on either side and on re-appreciation of entire
evidence on record, found the petitioners guilty of the charged offences and
convicted and sentenced them as above.
18.Challenging the judgment of conviction and sentence passed
by the Appellate Court, the petitioners have preferred the present Criminal
Revision Case before this Court.
19.The specific case of the prosecution is that the
petitioners/accused misappropriated the funds of the Panchayat and there
is falsification of accounts, in order to get unlawful gains, belonging to the
Village Panchayat and they have committed the offences as charged above.
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Crl.R.C. No.549 of 2020
20.P.W.1/de facto complainant has stated in his evidence that,
P.W.1 took over the charge of the President of the above Panchayat with
effect from 25.10.2001 and prior to him, the 1st petitioner/A1 was the
President from 1996 to 2001 and the 2 nd petitioner was working in the said
Panchayat as a Clerk for the past 15 years; there were arrears of House
Tax, Professional Tax from Salem Textiles Private Limited,
Selliyampalayam, for the periods FYs 1997-98, 1999-2000 and 2000-01;
when P.W.1 asked about the arrears of Tax to be paid to the Panchayat,
the above said Textile Mill Management told that they have already paid
the Taxes; when he looked into the accounts of the Panchayat, the House
Tax of Rs.2,02,400/- had to be recovered for the period 1997-98 from the
above said company, but the accounts maintained by the Panchayat shows
that only Rs.55,143/- alone has been received from the above said
company; the balance amount of Rs.1,47,257/- was not brought into the
accounts of the Panchayat; the above Mill Management told that the entire
Tax amount of Rs.2,02,400/- was already paid and it was informed to
P.W.1 along with the receipts on 12.06.2004. On a perusal of records, it is
seen that the cash vouchers and Tax receipts were marked as Ex.P1 series
as stated by P.W.1 in his evidence.
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21.P.W.1 has further stated that, even when he asked about the
balance amount, the Mill Management showed the receipts issued by the
petitioners (A1 and A2); after getting the copy of the receipts, P.W.1
verified the records as to whether the amount was remitted into the account
of the Panchayat for the year 1997-98, however, he found that, in the Cash
Register, entries were available only for three months and for the
remaining nine months, the accounts were not written in the Cash Register
concerned. On a perusal of Ex.P2 Cash Book, Cash Receipt were entries
made only on 27.03.1997 and thereafter, Page Nos.57 to 61 were left as
blank; further, entries from 02.05.1997, there is no other entry for the
period between 28.03.1997 and 01.05.1998 and the pages were kept blank
in the Cash Book, which clearly shows that there is a falsification of
accounts in order to get unlawful gains out of the Village Panchayat
amount. He further stated that the petitioners have collected the Tax
amount from Tax payers and they did not remit the entire amount received
from the assessees; they collected Rs.2,02,400/-, however they remitted
only Rs.55,143/-, and the remaining Rs.1,47,257/- was not remitted into
the Bank by both the petitioners; even in the FY 1999-2000, they collected
Rs.82,500/- from the assessee Mill, but failed to remit the same into the
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Crl.R.C. No.549 of 2020
account; moreover, regularly conducted Audit also reveals that there is
misappropriation of funds; the petitioners collected the Tax amount from
the assessees and failed to remit the collected amount into the account of
the Village Panchayat.
22.The evidence of P.Ws.2, 3 and 4 also would show that the
petitioners/accused have committed the offences.
23.Though the 2nd petitioner/A2 has stated that he was working
only as a Clerk and he has not committed any offence and he has not done
any misappropriation, as a Public servant, working as a Clerk in the
Village Panchayat, soon after receiving the Tax amount, he should have
remitted the same to the account of the Panchayat. If the President/1st
petitioner refused or failed to remit, he should have immediately reported
to the superiors and he failed to do the same and therefore, the records
clearly reveal that the amounts were received from the assessee and the
same were failed to be remitted into the account of the Village Panchayat.
24.The Appellate Court, as a final Court of fact finding, re-
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appreciated the entire evidence and came to the conclusion that the
prosecution proved its case beyond all reasonable doubt. Further, the
records clearly reveal that, from the evidence of the assessee and the de
facto complainant, it is proved that the amount for the financial years
1997-98, 1999-2000, 2000-01 have been collected from the assessee Mill
and were failed to be remitted into the account of the Panchayat during the
relevant period. The petitioners were working as President and Clerk of
the Panchayat during the relevant period and they are responsible for the
same. Therefore, though the learned Judicial Magistrate failed to
appreciate the evidence and acquitted the petitioners, the Appellate Court,
as a fact finding Court, had found that the findings of the trial Court are
perverse and the Appellate Court can always interfere with that and reverse
the same.
25.As a Revision Court, this Court cannot sit in the arm-chair of
the Appellate Court and revisit the entire evidence and re-appreciate the
entire evidence. In a Revision Case, the scope of interference with the
findings of the trial Court or the Appellate Court is very limited. Once the
Appellate Court, as a final Court of fact finding, re-appreciated the entire
evidence and found the petitioners guilty of the charged offences, this
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Crl.R.C. No.549 of 2020
Court has to see as to whether there is any perversity in the re-appreciation
of the evidence by the Appellate Court. Unless there is any perversity in
the re-appreciation of the evidence, the Revision Court should not interfere
with the findings on facts, given by the Appellate Court. Unless there is
violation of principles of natural justice or violation of any Law or Rules,
the Revision Court will not interfere with the findings on facts rendered by
the Court below, unless the appreciation of evidence is totally perverse and
there are compelling circumstances to reverse the judgment of the lower
Court.
26.However, in the present case on hand, this Court finds that
there is no perversity in appreciation of the evidence by the Appellate
Court and there is no merit in the present Revision Case.
27.Therefore, this Criminal Revision Case is liable to dismissed
and accordingly, the same is dismissed. Consequently, connected
miscellaneous petition is closed.
07.01.2022
mkn
Copy to :
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Crl.R.C. No.549 of 2020
1.The III Additional District and Sessions Judge,
Salem.
2.The Judicial Magistrate No.I,
Attur.
3.The Inspector of Police,
District Crime Branch,
Salem.
4.The Public Prosecutor,
High Court, Madras.
5.The Deputy Registrar | with a direction to send back the
(Criminal Section), | original records to the Court(s) below
High Court, Madras. | if any, immediately
P. VELMURUGAN, J.
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Crl.R.C. No.549 of 2020
mkn
Crl. R.C. No.549 of 2020
07.01.2022
https://www.mhc.tn.gov.in/judis
