Citation : 2024 Latest Caselaw 11002 HP
Judgement Date : 5 August, 2024
2024:HHC:6349
IN THE HIGH COURT OF HIMACHAL PRADESH, SHIMLA
.
Cr.MMO No. 735 of 2024
Date of Decision: 5.8.2024
_____________________________________________________________________
Sumit Kumar
.........Petitioner
Versus
State of Himachal Pradesh and Ors.
.......Respondents
Coram
Hon'ble Mr. Justice Sandeep Sharma, Judge.
Whether approved for reporting?
For the Petitioner: Mr. Het Ram Thakur, Advocate.
For the Respondents: Mr. Rajan Kahol, Mr. Vishal Panwar and Mr. B.C.
Verma, Additional Advocates General with Mr. Ravi
Chauhan, Deputy Advocate General, for the State.
Mr. Sanjay Verma, Advocate, for respondents No.
4 and 5.
___________________________________________________________________________
Sandeep Sharma, J. (Oral)
By way of instant petition, prayer has been made on behalf of
the petitioner for quashing of FIR No.124 of 2024, dated 11.7.2024, under
Section 376 of IPC and Section 6 of POCSO Act, registered with Police
Station Balh, District Mandi, Himachal Pradesh as well as consequent
proceedings, if any, pending before the court below, on the basis of
compromise/amicable settlement arrived inter-se parties.
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2. Averments contained in the petition, which is duly supported
.
by an affidavit, reveal that FIR sought to be quashed in the instant
proceedings, came to be lodged at the behest of Dr. Jayita, who at the
relevant time, was working as a Gynecologist at Government Medical
College Ner Chowk, Mandi. She alleged that on 10.7.2024, victim-
prosecutrix i.e. respondent No.4, who is minor, delivered a baby. Since
victim-prosecutrix was minor at the time of giving birth to the baby, police
after having investigated the matter, lodged FIR sought to be quashed
against the petitioner under the aforesaid provisions of law. Though
challan stands filed in the competent court of law, but before same could
be taken to its logical end, parties have entered into compromise, whereby
they have resolved to settle their dispute amicably during the pendency of
the case. In the aforesaid background, petitioner-accused has approached
this Court in the instant proceedings, praying therein to quash the FIR as
well as consequent proceedings pending in the competent court of law.
3. Respondent-State has filed status report under the signature of
SHO Police Station Balh, but same is silent about the compromise,
however, factum with regard to marriage inter-se petitioner and victim-
prosecutrix stands duly recorded in the status report. As per status report,
nine months prior to lodging of FIR, victim-prosecutrix had become
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pregnant and factum with regard to her having solemnized marriage with
.
petitioner came to the fore while matter was brought to the notice of the
police by the doctor. Respondent No.4-Victim-prosecutrix alongwith father
Mr. Gagan Kumar respondent No.5 has come present and are being
represented by Mr. Sanjay Verma, Advocate.
4. Respondent No.4-victim-prosecutrix, who is present in the
Court, states on oath that she of her own volition and without there being
any external pressure has entered into compromise with the petitioner-
accused, whereby they have resolved to settle their dispute amicably. She
states that she of her own volition joined the company of petitioner and no
wrong was conducted upon her by the petitioner against her wishes, rather
she left her parental house with an intention to solemnize marriage with
the petitioner. She fairly states that though at the time of marriage she
was minor, but now she has solemnized marriage with the petitioner and
out of their wedlock, one child has also born. She states that since she is
living happily with the petitioner, she shall have no objection in case FIR as
well consequent proceedings are quashed and set-aside and accused is
acquitted. While admitting contents of the compromise to be correct, she
also admits her signatures on the same. Her statement is taken on record.
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5. Respondent No.5- Sh. Gagan Kumar, states on oath that he of
.
his own volition and without there being any external pressure has entered
into compromise with the petitioner-accused, whereby both the parties
have resolved to settle their dispute amicably. He states that FIR sought to
be quashed is a result of misunderstanding and since his daughter has
already solemnized marriage with petitioner and they are living happily, he
shall have no objection in case FIR as well consequent proceedings are
quashed and set-aside and accused are acquitted. While admitting
contents of the compromise to be correct, he also admits his signatures on
the same. His statement is taken on record.
6. Having perused the aforesaid statements made by respondents
No.4 and 5, Mr. Rajan Kahol, learned Additional Advocate General, submits
that though parties have compromised the matter with each other, but this
court cannot lose sight of the fact that alleged offence was committed by
the petitioner named in the FIR while respondent No.4 was minor, however,
he was unable to dispute that chances of conviction of the petitioner are
remote and bleak, on account of statement made by complainant.
7. True it is that power under Section 482 Cr.PC is required to be
exercised by the court sparingly and very cautiously. Hon'ble Apex Court
in Narinder Singh and others versus State of Punjab and another
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(2014) 6 Supreme Court Cases 46, has no doubt held that normally, court
.
should not exercise power under Section 482 Cr.PC, to quash the
proceedings or FIR under Section 376 IPC, but if aforesaid judgment is read
in its entirety, it suggests that court with a view to meet ends of justice and
to prevent abuse of process of law can always accept the prayer made by
the parties to quash the proceedings.
8. Since the petition has been filed under Section 482 Cr.PC, this
Court deems it fit to consider the present petition in the light of the
judgment passed by Hon'ble Apex Court in Narinder Singh's case supra,
whereby Hon'ble Apex Court has formulated guidelines for accepting the
settlement and quashing the proceedings or refusing to accept the
settlement with direction to continue with the criminal proceedings. Perusal
of judgment referred above clearly depicts that in para 29.1, Hon'ble Apex
Court has returned the findings that power conferred under Section 482
of the Code is to be distinguished from the power which lies in the Court to
compound the offences under section 320 of the Code. No doubt, under
section 482 of the Code, the High Court has inherent power to quash the
criminal proceedings even in those cases which are not compoundable,
where the parties have settled the matter between themselves. However,
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this power is to be exercised sparingly and with great caution. Para Nos. 29
.
to 29.7 of the judgment are reproduced as under:-
"29. In view of the aforesaid discussion, we sum up and lay down the following
principles by which the High Court would be guided in giving adequate treatment to the settlement between the parties and exercising its power under Section 482 of the Code while accepting the settlement and quashing the proceedings or refusing to accept the settlement with direction to continue with the criminal proceedings:
29.1Power conferred under Section 482 of the Code is to be distinguished from the power which lies in the Court to compound the offences under Section 320 of the Code. No doubt, under Section 482 of the Code, the High Court has inherent power to quash the criminal proceedings even in those cases which are not compoundable, where the parties have settled the matter between themselves. However, this power is to be exercised sparingly and with caution.
29.2. When the parties have reached the settlement and on that basis petition
for quashing the criminal proceedings is filed, the guiding factor in such cases would be to secure:
(i) ends of justice, or
(ii) to prevent abuse of the process of any Court.
While exercising the power under Section 482 Cr.P.C the High Court is to form an opinion on either of the aforesaid two objectives.
29.3. Such a power is not be exercised in those prosecutions which involve heinous and serious offences of mental depravity or offences like murder, rape, dacoity, etc. Such offences are not private in nature and have a serious impact
on society. Similarly, for offences alleged to have been committed under special statute like the Prevention of Corruption Act or the offences committed by Public Servants while working in that capacity are not to be quashed merely on the basis of compromise between the victim and the offender.
29.4. On the other, those criminal cases having overwhelmingly and pre- dominantly civil character, particularly those arising out of commercial transactions or arising out of matrimonial relationship or family disputes should be quashed when the parties have resolved their entire disputes among themselves.
29.5. While exercising its powers, the High Court is to examine as to whether the possibility of conviction is remote and bleak and continuation of criminal cases would put the accused to great oppression and prejudice and extreme injustice would be caused to him by not quashing the criminal cases.
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29.6. Offences under Section 307 IPC would fall in the category of heinous and
.
serious offences and therefore is to be generally treated as crime against the society and not against the individual alone. However, the High Court would
not rest its decision merely because there is a mention of Section 307 IPC in the FIR or the charge is framed under this provision. It would be open to the High Court to examine as to whether incorporation of Section 307 IPC is there for the sake of it or the prosecution has collected sufficient evidence, which if proved, would lead to proving the charge under Section 307 IPC. For this purpose, it
would be open to the High Court to go by the nature of injury sustained, whether such injury is inflicted on the vital/delegate parts of the body, nature of weapons used etc. Medical report in respect of injuries suffered by the victim can generally be the guiding factor. On the basis of this prima facie analysis, the High Court can examine as to whether there is a strong possibility of conviction or the chances of conviction are remote and bleak. In the former case
it can refuse to accept the settlement and quash the criminal proceedings whereas in the later case it would be permissible for the High Court to accept the plea compounding the offence based on complete settlement between the parties. At this stage, the Court can also be swayed by the fact that the settlement between the parties is going to result in harmony between them which may improve their future relationship.
29.7. While deciding whether to exercise its power under Section 482 of the
Code or not, timings of settlement play a crucial role. Those cases where the settlement is arrived at immediately after the alleged commission of offence and the matter is still under investigation, the High Court may be liberal in accepting the settlement to quash the criminal proceedings/investigation. It is because of the reason that at this stage the investigation is still on and even the charge sheet has not been filed. Likewise, those cases where the charge is framed but the evidence is yet to start or the evidence is still at infancy stage,
the High Court can show benevolence in exercising its powers favourably, but after prima facie assessment of the circumstances/material mentioned above. On the other hand, where the prosecution evidence is almost complete or after the conclusion of the evidence the matter is at the stage of argument, normally the High Court should refrain from exercising its power under Section 482 of
the Code, as in such cases the trial court would be in a position to decide the case finally on merits and to come a conclusion as to whether the offence under Section 307 IPC is committed or not. Similarly, in those cases where the
conviction is already recorded by the trial court and the matter is at the appellate stage before the High Court, mere compromise between the parties would not be a ground to accept the same resulting in acquittal of the offender who has already been convicted by the trial court. Here charge is proved under Section 307 IPC and conviction is already recorded of a heinous crime and,
therefore, there is no question of sparing a convict found guilty of such a crime".
"32. We find from the impugned order that the sole reason which weighed with the High Court in refusing to accept the settlement between the parties was the nature of injuries. If we go by that factor alone, normally we would tend to agree with the High Court's approach. However, as pointed out hereinafter, some other attendant and inseparable circumstances also need to be kept in mind which compels us to take a different view.
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33. We have gone through the FIR as well which was recorded on the basis of
.
statement of the complainant/victim. It gives an indication that the complainant was attacked allegedly by the accused persons because of some
previous dispute between the parties, though nature of dispute, etc. is not stated in detail. However, a very pertinent statement appears on record viz. "respectable persons have been trying for a compromise up till now, which could not be finalized." This becomes an important aspect. It appears that there have been some disputes which led to the aforesaid purported attack by the
accused on the complainant. In this context when we find that the elders of the village, including Sarpanch, intervened in the matter and the parties have not only buried their hatchet but have decided to live peacefully in future, this becomes an important consideration. The evidence is yet to be led in the Court. It has not even started. In view of compromise between parties, there is a minimal chance of the witnesses coming forward in support of the prosecution
case. Even though nature of injuries can still be established by producing the doctor as witness who conduced medical examination, it may become difficult to prove as to who caused these injuries. The chances of conviction, therefore, appear to be remote. It would, therefore, be unnecessary to drag these proceedings. We, taking all these factors into consideration cumulatively, are of the opinion that the compromise between the parties be accepted and the criminal proceedings arising out of FIR No.121 dated 14.7.2010 registered with
police station Lopoke, District Amritsar Rural be quashed. We order accordingly."
9. The Hon'ble Apex Court in case Gian Singh v. State of
Punjab and anr. (2012) 10 SCC 303 has held that power of the High
Court in quashing of the criminal proceedings or FIR or complaint in
exercise of its inherent power is distinct and different from the power of a
Criminal Court for compounding offences under Section 320 Cr.PC. Even
in the judgment passed in Narinder Singh's case, the Hon'ble Apex Court
has held that while exercising inherent power under Section 482 Cr.PC the
Court must have due regard to the nature and gravity of the crime and its
social impact and it cautioned the Courts not to exercise the power for
quashing proceedings in heinous and serious offences of mental depravity,
murder, rape, dacoity etc. However subsequently, the Hon'ble Apex Court
9 2024:HHC:6349
in Dimpey Gujral and Ors. vs. Union Territory through Administrator,
.
UT, Chandigarh and Ors. (2013( 11 SCC 497 has also held as under:-
"7. In certain decisions of this Court in view of the settlement arrived at by the parties, this Court quashed the FIRs though some of the offences were non-
compoundable. A two Judges' Bench of this court doubted the correctness of those decisions. Learned Judges felt that in those decisions, this court had permitted compounding of non-compoundable offences. The said issue was, therefore, referred to a larger bench.
The larger Bench in Gian Singh v. State of Punjab (2012) 10 SCC 303 considered the relevant provisions of the Code and the judgments of this court and concluded as
under: (SCC pp. 342-43, para 61)
61. The position that emerges from the above discussion can be summarised thus: the power of the High Court in quashing a criminal proceeding or FIR or complaint in exercise of its inherent jurisdiction is distinct and different from the power given to a criminal court for compounding the offences under Section 320 of the Code. Inherent power is of wide plenitude with no
statutory limitation but it has to be exercised in accord with the guideline engrafted in such power viz; (i) to secure the ends of justice or (ii) to prevent
abuse of the process of any Court. In what cases power to quash the criminal proceeding or complaint or F.I.R may be exercised where the offender and victim have settled their dispute would depend on the facts and circumstances of each case and no category can be prescribed. However, before exercise of such power, the High Court must have due regard to the nature and gravity of the crime. Heinous and serious offences of mental depravity or offences like murder, rape, dacoity, etc. cannot be fittingly
quashed even though the victim or victim's family and the offender have settled the dispute. Such offences are not private in nature and have serious impact on society. Similarly, any compromise between the victim and offender in relation to the offences under special statutes like Prevention of Corruption Act or the offences committed by public servants while working
in that capacity etc; cannot provide for any basis for quashing criminal proceedings involving such offences. But the criminal cases having overwhelmingly and pre-dominatingly civil flavour stand on different footing
for the purposes of quashing, particularly the offences arising from commercial, financial, mercantile, civil, partnership or such like transactions or the offences arising out of matrimony relating to dowry, etc. or the family disputes where the wrong is basically private or personal in nature and the parties have resolved their entire dispute. In this category of
cases, High Court may quash criminal proceedings if in its view, because of the compromise between the offender and victim, the possibility of conviction is remote and bleak and continuation of criminal case would put accused to great oppression and prejudice and extreme injustice would be caused to him by not quashing the criminal case despite full and complete settlement and compromise with the victim. In other words, the High Court must consider whether it would be unfair or contrary to the interest of justice to continue with the criminal proceeding or continuation of the criminal proceeding would tantamount to abuse of process of law despite settlement and compromise between the victim and wrongdoer and whether to secure the ends of justice, it is appropriate that criminal case is put to an end and if the answer to the above question(s) is in affirmative, the High
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Court shall be well within its jurisdiction to quash the criminal proceeding."
.
(emphasis supplied)
8. In the light of the above observations of this court in Gian Singh, we feel that this is a case where the continuation of criminal proceedings would tantamount to abuse of process of law because the alleged offences are not heinous offences showing extreme depravity nor are they against the society. They are offences of a personal nature and burying them would bring about peace and amity between the two sides.
In the circumstances of the case, FIR No. 163 dated 26.10.2006 registered under Section 147, 148, 149, 323, 307, 452 and 506 of the IPC at Police Station Sector 3, Chandigarh and all consequential proceedings arising there from including the final report presented under Section 173 of the Code and charges framed by the trial Court are hereby quashed.
10. Recently Hon'ble Apex Court in its latest judgment dated 4th
October, 2017, titled as Parbatbhai Aahir @ Parbatbhai Bhimsinhbhai
Karmur and others versus State of Gujarat and Another, passed in
Criminal Appeal No.1723 of 2017 arising out of SLP(Crl) No.9549 of 2016,
reiterated the principles/ parameters laid down in Narinder Singh's case
supra for accepting the settlement and quashing the proceedings. It would
be profitable to reproduce para No. 13 to 15 of the judgment herein:
"13. The same principle was followed in Central Bureau of Investigation v. Maninder
Singh (2016)1 SCC 389 by a bench of two learned Judges of this Court. In that case, the High Court had, in the exercise of its inherent power under Section 482 quashed proceedings under Sections 420, 467, 468 and 471 read with Section 120-B of the Penal Code. While allowing the appeal filed by the Central Bureau of Investigation
Mr Justice Dipak Misra (as the learned Chief Justice then was) observed that the case involved allegations of forgery of documents to embezzle the funds of the bank. In such a situation, the fact that the dispute had been settled with the bank would not justify a recourse to the power under Section 482:
"...In economic offences Court must not only keep in view that money has been paid to the bank which has been defrauded but also the society at large. It is not a case of simple assault or a theft of a trivial amount; but the offence with which we are concerned is well planned and was committed with a deliberate design with an eye of personal profit regardless of consequence to the society at large. To quash the proceeding merely on the ground that the accused has settled the amount with the bank would be a misplaced sympathy. If the prosecution against the economic offenders are not allowed to continue, the entire community is aggrieved."
14. In a subsequent decision in State of Tamil Nadu v R Vasanthi Stanley (2016) 1 SCC 376, the court rejected the submission that the first respondent was a woman "who was following the command of her husband" and had signed certain
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documents without being aware of the nature of the fraud which was being
.
perpetrated on the bank. Rejecting the submission, this Court held that:
"... Lack of awareness, knowledge or intent is neither to be considered nor accepted in economic offences. The submission assiduously presented on gender leaves us unimpressed. An offence under the criminal law is an offence and it does not depend upon the gender of an accused. True it is, there are certain provisions in Code of Criminal Procedure relating to
exercise of jurisdiction Under Section 437, etc. therein but that altogether pertains to a different sphere. A person committing a murder or getting involved in a financial scam or forgery of documents, cannot claim discharge or acquittal on the ground of her gender as that is neither constitutionally nor statutorily a valid argument. The offence is gender neutral in this case. We say no more on this score..."
"...A grave criminal offence or serious economic offence or for that matter the offence that has the potentiality to create a dent in the financial health of the institutions, is not to be quashed on the ground that there is delay in trial or the principle that when the matter has been settled it should be quashed to avoid the load on the system..."
15.The broad principles which emerge from the precedents on the subject may be summarized in the following propositions:
(i)
Section 482 preserves the inherent powers of the High Court to prevent an abuse of the process of any court or to secure the ends of justice. The
provision does not confer new powers. It only recognizes and preserves powers which inhere in the High Court;
(ii) The invocation of the jurisdiction of the High Court to quash a First Information Report or a criminal proceeding on the ground that a settlement has been arrived at between the offender and the victim is not the same as the invocation of jurisdiction for the purpose of compounding an
offence. While compounding an offence, the power of the court is governed by the provisions of Section 320 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973. The power to quash under Section 482 is attracted even if the offence is non-compoundable.
(iii) In forming an opinion whether a criminal proceeding or complaint should be
quashed in exercise of its jurisdiction under Section 482, the High Court must evaluate whether the ends of justice would justify the exercise of the inherent power;
(iv) While the inherent power of the High Court has a wide ambit and plenitude it has to be exercised; (i) to secure the ends of justice or (ii) to prevent an abuse of the process of any court;
(v) The decision as to whether a complaint or First Information Report should be quashed on the ground that the offender and victim have settled the dispute,
revolves ultimately on the facts and circumstances of each case and no exhaustive elaboration of principles can be formulated;
(vi) In the exercise of the power under Section 482 and while dealing with a plea that the dispute has been settled, the High Court must have due regard to the nature and gravity of the offence. Heinous and serious offences involving mental depravity or offences such as murder, rape and dacoity cannot appropriately be quashed though the victim or the family of the victim have settled the dispute. Such offences are, truly speaking, not private in nature but have a serious impact upon society. The decision to continue with the trial in such cases is founded on the overriding element of public interest in punishing persons for serious offences;
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.
(vii) As distinguished from serious offences, there may be criminal cases which have an overwhelming or predominant element of a civil dispute. They stand
on a distinct footing in so far as the exercise of the inherent power to quash is concerned;
(viii) Criminal cases involving offences which arise from commercial, financial, mercantile, partnership or similar transactions with an essentially civil
flavour may in appropriate situations fall for quashing where parties have settled the dispute;
(ix) In such a case, the High Court may quash the criminal proceeding if in view of the compromise between the disputants, the possibility of a conviction is remote and the continuation of a criminal proceeding would cause
oppression and prejudice; and
(x) There is yet an exception to the principle set out in propositions (viii) and (ix) above. Economic offences involving the financial and economic well-being of the state have implications which lie beyond the domain of a mere dispute between private disputants. The High Court would be justified in declining to quash where the offender is involved in an activity akin to a
financial or economic fraud or misdemeanour. The consequences of the act complained of upon the financial or economic system will weigh in the
balance.
11. It is quite apparent from the aforesaid exposition of law that
High Court has inherent power to quash criminal proceedings even in those
cases which are not compoundable, but such power is to be exercised
sparingly and with great caution. In the judgments, referred hereinabove,
Hon'ble Apex Court has categorically held that Court while exercising
inherent power under Section 482 Cr.P.C., must have due regard to the
nature and gravity of offence sought to be compounded. Hon'ble Apex Court
has though held that heinous and serious offences of mental depravity,
murder, rape, dacoity etc. cannot appropriately be quashed though the
victim or the family of the victim have settled the dispute, but it has also
observed that while exercising its powers, High Court is to examine as to
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whether the possibility of conviction is remote and bleak and continuation
.
of criminal cases would put the accused to great oppression and prejudice
and extreme injustice would be caused to him by not quashing the criminal
cases. Hon'ble Apex Court has further held that Court while exercising
power under Section 482 Cr.P.C can also be swayed by the fact that
settlement between the parties is going to result in harmony between them
which may improve their future relationship. Hon'ble Apex Court in its
judgment rendered in State of Tamil Nadu supra, has reiterated that
Section 482 preserves the inherent powers of the High Court to prevent an
abuse of the process of any court or to secure the ends of justice and has
held that the power to quash under Section 482 is attracted even if the
offence is non-compoundable. In the aforesaid judgment, Hon'ble Apex
Court has held that while forming an opinion whether a criminal
proceedings or complaint should be quashed in exercise of its jurisdiction
under Section 482, the High Court must evaluate whether the ends of
justice would justify the exercise of the inherent power.
12. Though, offences alleged to have been committed by the
petitioner-accused fall in the category of heinous crime as has been held by
Hon'ble Apex Court in Narinder Singh case (supra) as such, this Court
should be reluctant in exercising power under section 482 Cr.P.C, for
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quashing of FIR, but in the peculiar facts and circumstances, where
.
petitioner-accused and victim have solemnized marriage, this Court, in the
interest of the victim-prosecutrix, deems it fit to exercise power under
Section 482 Cr.P.C, for accepting the prayer made in the instant petition.
In case, prayer made on behalf of the petitioner-accused is not accepted at
this stage, grave prejudice would be caused to victim, who has solemnized
marriage with petitioner-accused and one baby child has also been born
out of their wedlock. In case, petitioner-accused is made to face the trial in
terms of FIR sought to be quashed and ultimately he is convicted, it is the
respondent No.4, who would be the ultimate sufferer. No doubt, while
exercising power under Section 482 Cr.P.C, for quashing of FIR, this Court
is also required to take into consideration interest of the society at large,
but in the present case, interest of respondent No.4 appears to be more
important than that of the society and as such, in the peculiar facts and
circumstances of the case, this Court while exercising powers under section
482 Cr.P.C, deems it fit to quash the FIR lodged against the petitioner-
accused under the afore provisions of law. Moreover, chances of conviction
of the petitioner-accused are very remote and bleak in view of the
statements made by respondents No.4 and 5 and as such, no fruitful
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purpose would be served in case FIR as well as consequent proceedings are
.
allowed to sustain.
13. Since petitioner-accused and respondent No.4 have solemnized
marriage with each other and respondents No.4 and 5 are not interested in
pursuing the criminal proceedings against the petitioner-accused, no
fruitful purpose would be served in case criminal proceedings are allowed
to continue, as such, prayer made in the petition at hand can be accepted.
14. Consequently, in view of the averments contained in the
petition as well as the submissions having been made by the learned
counsel for the parties that the matter has been compromised and keeping
in mind the well settled proposition of law as well as the compromise being
genuine, FIR No.124 of 2024, dated 11.7.2024, under Section 376 of IPC
and Section 6 of POCSO Act, registered with Police Station Balh, District
Mandi, Himachal Pradesh as well as consequent proceedings, if any,
pending before the court below, are ordered to be quashed and set-aside.
Petitioner is acquitted of the charges framed against him.
15. The present petition is allowed in the aforesaid terms.
Pending application(s), if any, also stands disposed of.
August 5, 2024 (Sandeep Sharma),
(manjit) Judge
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