Commissioner Of Income Tax vs Shri Chand Ratan Bagri
2010 Latest Caselaw 287 Del

*             IN THE HIGH COURT OF DELHI AT NEW DELHI

%                                   Judgment delivered on: 20th January, 2010
+       ITA 31/2010

        COMMISSIONER OF INCOME TAX                            ..... Appellant


                                          -versus-

        SHRI CHAND RATAN BAGRI                                ..... Respondent

Advocates who appeared in this case:

For the Appellant : Ms P.L. Bansal with Ms Anshul Sharma For the Respondent : Mr Salil Aggarwal with Mr Prakash Kumar

CORAM:

HON'BLE MR JUSTICE BADAR DURREZ AHMED HON'BLE MR JUSTICE SIDDHARTH MRIDUL

1. Whether reporters of local papers may be allowed to see the judgment? Yes.

        2.      To be referred to the Reporter or not?                      Yes.

        3.      Whether the judgment should be reported in
                the Digest?                                                 Yes.


BADAR DURREZ AHMED, J (ORAL)

1. The Revenue is aggrieved by the order dated 23 rd February, 2009 in

ITA No.2347/Del/2007 relating to the assessment year 2002-03. The only

issue sought to be raised for consideration of this Court is with regard to the

forfeiture of an amount of Rs.59,50,000/- towards 10 lakh preferential

convertible warrants @ 5.95 per warrant. The said warrants were

subsequently split-up into convertible warrants of Rs.1/- each with Rs.0.595

as paid up amount in respect of each warrant. The balance amount was to be

paid by 8th October, 2001.

2. The assessee had subscribed to these warrants issued by M/s BLB

Limited. The assessee after making the initial payment could not make the

balance payment and, therefore, M/s BLB Limited forfeited the amount of

Rs.59,50,000/- earlier paid by the assessee. The assessee claimed this loss

as short-term capital loss under the head "capital gain". It was submitted on

behalf of the assessee that the company had debited the loss to its capital

account and not to the profit and loss account and consequently, there was

no effect on the profit and loss account of the assessee company. The

Assessing Officer, however, observed that the same had cast an effect on the

short term capital gains of the assessee showing and the forfeiture of this

amount in the manner indicated by the assessee was a tax-evasion tactic,

prohibited by law.

3. Since the assessee was the Promoter Director in M/s BLB Limited, the

Assessing Officer taxed the same in the hands of the assessee on protective

basis and observed that the said amount could be taxed in the case of M/s

BLB Limited.

4. Being aggrieved, the assessee filed an appeal before the

Commissioner of Income Tax (Appeals) which was decided in favour of the

assessee and against the Revenue. Thereafter the Revenue went up in appeal

before the Income Tax Appellate Tribunal which also held in favour of the

assessee. The Tribunal held that as a result of the forfeiture of convertible

warrants of M/s BLB Limited, earlier allotted to the assessee, the assessee

incurred a loss of Rs.59,50,000/- being the amount already paid on the said

warrants which was lost in the year under consideration and the same being

on capital account, the assessee was entitled to claim the said loss as short

term capital loss. The Tribunal also observed that the disallowance of the

said loss made by the Assessing Officer by merely observing that it was

nothing but a means of tax evasion without giving any basis whatsoever to

justify the same and that the addition made by him on this issue and that too

on protective basis was not sustainable. Accordingly, the Tribunal upheld

the order of the Commissioner of Income Tax (Appeals) while deleting the

addition made by the Assessing Officer although on different grounds.

5. The main issue sought to be raised by the learned counsel for the

Revenue is that the forfeiture of the convertible warrants did not amount to

transfer of assets. The learned counsel referred to Section 45 of the Income

Tax Act, 1961 (hereinafter referred to as "the said Act"). The beginning

words of which are as follows:-

"Any profits or gains arising from the transfer of a capital asset....."

6. The learned counsel for the Revenue submitted that the profits or

gains and the loss must arise from the transfer of a capital asset. Her

emphasis was on the word "transfer", used in the aforesaid expression. She

then referred to Section 2(47) (ii) of the said Act which defines "transfer", in

relation to a capital asset to inter alia, include the extinguishment of any

rights therein. It was submitted that the forfeiture of the said amount of

Rs.59,50,000/- does not amount to extinguishment of any rights in the

transfer of capital assets. She submitted that the extinguishment of the right

must be in relation to the transfer of a capital asset and for this preposition

she placed reliance on the Supreme Court decision in the case of Vania Silk

Mills P. Ltd. vs. Commissioner of Income Tax: 191 ITR 647. In the said

decision the Supreme Court observed that:

"Hence the expression "extinguishment of any rights therein" will have to be confined to the extinguishment of rights on account of transfer and cannot be extended to mean any extinguishment of right independent of or otherwise than on account of transfer."

7. Secondly, the learned counsel for the Revenue submitted that since

the right itself came to be extinguished and the asset did not remain, the

forfeiture would not amount to a transfer as contemplated under Section

2(47) of the said Act. In this background, the learned counsel for the

Revenue submitted that this appeal be admitted and a substantial question of

law be framed on this aspect of the matter.

8. Mr. Salil Aggarwal appearing on behalf of the respondent/assessee

raised two points as to why this appeal should not be admitted. The first

point raised by him was that the question whether the forfeiture in the

present case amounted to transfer or not, was not raised before any of the

authorities below and, therefore, the same cannot be taken for the first time

before this Court. For this proposition he placed reliance on the decision of

this Court in the case of Commissioner of Income Tax vs. Indocount

Finance Limited:271 ITR 215.

9. The second point urged by Mr. Aggarwal was that the decision in

Vania Silk Mills (supra) has been over-ruled by the Supreme Court in a

Larger Bench decision in the case of Commissioner of Income Tax vs.

Grace Collis:248 ITR 320 (SC). Our attention was invited to the following

passage:

"We have given careful thought to the definition of "transfer" in section 2(47) and to the decision of this court in Vania Silk Mills Pvt. Ltd.‟s case [1991] 191 ITR 647. In our view, the definition clearly contemplates the extinguishment of rights in a capital asset distinct and independent of such extinguishment consequent upon the transfer thereof. We do not approve, respectfully, of the limitation of the expression "extinguishment of any rights therein" to

such extinguishment on account of transfers or to the view that the expression "extinguishment of any rights therein" cannot be extended to mean the extinguishment of rights independent of or otherwise than on account of transfer. To so read the expression is to render it ineffective and its use meaningless. As we read it, therefore, the expression does include the extinguishment of rights in a capital asset independent of and otherwise than on account of transfer."

10. Mr. Aggarwal also placed reliance on the decision of the Karnataka

High Court in the case of Deputy Commissioner of Income Tax vs. BPL

Sanyo Finance Limited:312 ITR 63 (KAR). In the latter decision, the

question was similar to the one which the Revenue is seeking to raise before

us. There also there was a short term capital loss claimed on account of

forfeiture of the share application money. The Court observed that the

assessee‟s rights to the shares were extinguished and, therefore, this

amounted to short term capital loss. The Karnataka High Court also placed

reliance on the decision of the Supreme Court in the case of Grace Collis

(supra).

11. In the rejoinder, Ms Bansal, who appears on behalf of the Revenue

placed reliance on the decision of the Bombay High Court Commissioner of

Income Tax vs. Sterling Investment Corporation Limited (Bom.):

123 ITR 441.

12. We have considered the arguments and have gone through the

impugned order and papers on record and we are in agreement with the

learned counsel for the respondent/assessee that the present appeal does not

deserve admission as no substantial question of law arises for our

consideration. This is so on two grounds. First of all, the question of

whether forfeiture amounted to transfer, was not at all raised before the

authorities below and in view of the decision of this Court in Indocount

Finance Limited (supra), we cannot permit the Revenue to take up this

issue for the first time before this Court.

13. More importantly, the second issue as to whether the forfeiture of the

convertible warrant amounted to a transfer within the meaning of Section

2(47) of the said Act has now been made clear by the Supreme Court in the

case of Grace Collis (supra) as also by the Karnataka High Court in BPL

Sanyo Finance Limited (supra). We agree with the interpretation given by

the Karnataka High Court in BPL Sanyo Finance Limited (supra) and we

see no reason to take a different view. The restrictive meaning given to the

word "transfer" by the Supreme Court decision in Vania Silk Mills P. Ltd.

(supra) has been over-ruled by the Larger Bench of the Supreme Court in

the case of Grace Collis (supra).

14. In the present case we find that the forfeiture of the convertible

warrant has resulted in extinguishment of the right of the assessee to obtain a

share in BLB Limited. It is not a case where the asset itself has been

extinguished or destroyed. A share in a company is nothing but a share in

the ownership of the company. While the right of the assessee to share in

the ownership of the company (BLB Limited) stands extinguished on

account of the forfeiture, the company, with all its assets, continues to exist.

The forfeiture only results in one less shareholder. It is not as if the „asset‟

in which a share was being claimed was also extinguished. Thus, the second

point urged by the learned counsel for the Revenue is also not tenable.

15. In view of the foregoing reasons, no substantial question of law arises

for our consideration. The appeal is dismissed.

BADAR DURREZ AHMED, J

SIDDHARTH MRIDUL, J JANUARY 20, 2010 dn