Madras High Court
Mr.I.Mohamed Razvi vs The Chief Secretary on 14 December, 2021
W.P.(MD).No.1926 of 2020
BEFORE THE MADURAI BENCH OF MADRAS HIGH COURT
DATED: 14.12.2021
CORAM:
THE HONOURABLE MRS.JUSTICE PUSHPA SATHYANARAYANA
and
THE HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE P.VELMURUGAN
W.P.(MD).No.1926 of 2020
Mr.I.Mohamed Razvi .. Petitioner
Vs.
1.The Chief Secretary,
Secretariat, Fort St. George,
Chennai-600 009.
2.The Home Secretary,
State of Tamil Nadu,
Secretariat, Fort St. George,
Chennai-600 009.
3.The Joint Director,
Central Bureau of Investigation Head of Zone,
3rd Floor, E.V.K Sampath Building,
College Road,
Chennai-600 006.
4.The Director General of Police (DGP)
CBCID, SIDCO Electronic Complex,
1st Floor, Guindy,
Chennai-600 032.
5.The Chairman,
Tamil Nadu Public Service Commission,
TNPSC Road,
V.O.C Nagar,
Park Town,
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W.P.(MD).No.1926 of 2020
Chennai-600 003.
6.The Director General of Police (DGP)
State of Tamil Nadu,
Dr.Radhakrishnansalai,
Mylapore,
Chennai-600 004.
7.The District Collector,
O/o.Collectorate Complex,
Ramanathapuram District,
Ramanathapuram.
8.The Superintendent of Police,
O/o.Superintendent of Police,
Ramanathapuram District,
Ramanathapuram. ... Respondents
Prayer:Writ Petition filed under Article 226 of the Constitution of India, for
the issuance of Writ of Mandamus, directing the 4th respondent to hand over the
investigation to the hand of 3rd respondent to bring out the real facts, by doing
free and fair investigation, within a time frame as fixed by this Court.
For Petitioner : Mr.K.Neelamegam
For R5 :Mr.Issac Mohanlal, Sr. Advocate
for Mr.V.Paneer Selvam
For R1,R2, R6 to :Mr.Veera kathiravan
R8 Additional Advocate General
for Mr.B.Saravanan
Government Advocate
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W.P.(MD).No.1926 of 2020
ORDER
P.VELMURUGAN, J.,
This Writ Petition is filed for the issuance of a Writ of Mandamus, to
direct the fourth respondent to hand over the investigation to the third
respondent to bring out the real facts, by doing a free and fair investigation.
2.Heard Mr.K.Neelamegam, learned counsel appearing for the
petitioner, Mr.Issac Mohanlal, learned Senior Counsel appearing for the fifth
respondent and Mr.Veerakathiravan, learned Additional Advocate General-III
appearing for the Respondents 1, 2, 6 to 8.
3.The case of the petitioner is that the Tamil Nadu Public Service
Commission(hereinafter referred to as TNPSC in short) had conducted Group-
IV examination in the month of September 2019. The TNPSC published the
exam result in the month of November 2019 and called for online certificate
verifications from the selected candidates. At that point of time, a news was
published in the media including news papers and Whats-app that out of top
100 candidates, most of the candidates who have written the examination in
particular centres, have been selected provisionally. On seeing the same,
TNPSC have conducted a preliminary enquiry and subsequently, filed a
complaint before the 4th respondent for the alleged malpractice said to have
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been indulged in two of the examination centres in Ramanathapuram District.
Based on the said complaint, the fourth respondent have registered a case.
During the investigation, the fourth respondent also arrested some of the
candidates, who wrote examination in the said centres and also alleged that
during the transmission of answer coding sheets, on the way, those answer
sheets were tampered and manipulated. This was published in the news paper
and the petitioner apprehends that the top officials in the Public Service
Commission might have involved in the malpractice/scam. If the fourth
respondent conducted the investigation, the truth would not come out, as the
higher officials of the Public Service Commission have also involved in the
said scam. If at all, a fair and effective investigation had been conducted, the
actual truth would come out. In case, any higher officials or top rank officials or
other influential persons are involved in the malpractice/scam, there is a
possibility of making influence on the investigation. If any independent agency
like CBI conducted the investigation, the truth will come out, without being
influenced by any one. Now, the people of Tamil Nadu apprehend that whether
a fair investigation would be conducted and the entire truth will come out and
the Petitioner's faith is that if an independent agency like CBI investigate the
matter, there may be a fair investigation and therefore, the petitioner has filed
the present Writ Petition styled as “Public Interest Litigation” stating that there
are so many possibilities for the involvement of high officials in the State and
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since CBCID would not reach them, the real culprits would not be brought in to
the probe circle. The high level malpractice of TNPSC Group-IV examination
is having a national impact and if the State agency is deployed in the process of
investigation, it would lack in the investigation. In the said malpractice and
scam, higher officials are involved, but the fourth respondent has arrested only
some of the candidates, middlemen, one Record Clerk and Typist of the fifth
respondent, only to show that the investigation is in a proper direction.
Therefore, the people of Tamil Nadu apprehend that as to whether they would
get real justice. The Central Bureau of Investigation is the only suitable agency
to conduct a free and fair investigation to probe into the alleged malpractice.
4.The fourth respondent in his counter affidavit has stated that based
on the complaint given by TNPSC, they registered a case in Crime No.4 of
2020 for the offences under Sections 120A, 120-B, 121 IPC, r/w 464, 466, 468,
470, 471, 481, 482, 484, 485, 487 and 488 IPC @ 120-B, 420, 465, 468, 471
IPC and also registered another case in Crime No.2 of 2020 pertaining to
TNPSC 2017 Group II-A Examination and also yet another criminal case has
been registered in respect of 2016-VAO Examination. After completion of
examination, the answer sheets packed and sent from Taluk Examination
Centres at Ilayangudi to the District Treasury at Sivagangai, escorted by the
Revenue Officers in the rank of Tahsildar. Thereafter, the answer paper bundles
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W.P.(MD).No.1926 of 2020
were brought to Chennai in ABT parcel van under the Supervision of 2 TNPSC
staff, one record clerk and one Typist of TNPSC and one Police Constable as an
escort. The Record Clerk, who was arrested by CBCID and remanded to
judicial custody, was in contact with one of the main private individual, who is
the kingpin in this case, who had played a major role in organizing the entire
operation and they are conducting a free and fair investigation and no higher
officials of the TNPSC have involved in this case and there is no necessity to
transfer the investigation to CBI.
5.The first respondent has also filed an affidavit stating that the
petitioner, without the knowledge of the progress made in the investigation,
baldly claimed that only few people have been arrested, in Group-II A
Examination case. So far 59 persons have been arrested, which includes 40
candidates, 3 Police Personnel, 2 Village Administrative Officer, 1 Deputy
Manager of a Private Bank, 1 record Clerk of TNPSC and 12 other persons and
one candidate is absconding and yet to be arrested. The main accused persons
were taken into police custody and subjected for interrogation and valuable
evidence including incriminating documents have been collected from them.
Based on the complaint given by TNPSC, CBCID has registered a case in
Crime No.4 of 2020 on 23.01.2020 for the malpractice in Group-IV 2019
Examination conducted in Rameswaram Taluk and Keezhakarai Taluk Centres.
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W.P.(MD).No.1926 of 2020
The entire offence was committed mainly by few private individuals in
connivance with 1 Record Clerk and one Typist of TNPSC. Another case in
CBCID OCU-I Cr.No.2 of 2020 has been registered for the malpractice
committed in Group II-A Examination conducted in the year 2017. Therefore,
the meticulous investigation in the above two cases exposed that similar
malpractice occurred in VAO Examination held in the year 2016, for which,
another case in ATC Cr.No.2 of 2020 has been registered and the investigation
is in progress. Therefore, since the investigation is in progress, there is no need
to transfer the case to any other agency. In Group-IV 2019 Examination, it has
been found in the investigation that totally 99 candidates said to have been
involved in the malpractice, out of which, 39 candidates passed using unfair
means. In this case, 115 persons have been arrested which includes 95
candidates, two Government Staff of TNPSC, 1 Driver of the vehicle which
carried answer sheet bundles and 17 other persons. Valuable evidence including
documents, money and vehicle used for the commission of offence have bee
recovered. The house of the main accused was searched through Search
Warrant and incriminating materials like, gold and silver articles have been
seized. In Group II-A examination, so far 59 persons, have been arrested,
which includes 40 candidates 3 Police Personnel 2 VAO, 1 Deputy Manager of
a Private Bank, 1 Record Clerk of TNPSC and 12 other persons and one
candidate is absconding and yet to be arrested. In VAO 2016 Examination, 9
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W.P.(MD).No.1926 of 2020
candidates have passed by using unfair means. In the said case, 17 persons have
been arrested, which includes 8 candidates, 1 main accused, 1 Police Constable,
1 Record Clerk belonging to TNPSC and 6 other persons. Therefore, the
present writ petition is filed only on the ground of imagination and also the
fourth respondent is conducting a free and fair investigation and as the
investigation is in progress, there is no need to transfer the case to any other
agency. There is no specific allegation against any of the Investigating Officers
in this case.
6.The fifth respondent in his counter affidavit stated that the TNPSC
had invited applications from the eligible candidates to fill up the vacancies to
various posts included in Group IV Services for the year 2018-2020. As per
schedule, the last date for submission of application was 14.07.2019 and totally
16,31,648 candidates applied and out of which, 16,29,865 candidates were
admitted for written examination. The written examination was held on
01.09.2019 and after evaluation of OMR sheets, the rank list was published on
12.11.2019. The list of provisionally selected candidates for certificate
verification was published on 30.11.2019 and the candidates were informed to
upload their certificates through online between 05.12.2019 and 18.12.2019.
When the online verification of certificates was in progress, a news was
published in the media including Whats-app to the effect that out of top 100
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W.P.(MD).No.1926 of 2020
candidates, most of the candidates, who have written the Examination in
particular Centres, have got selected and therefore, some kind of malpractice
would have been committed during the written examination. Once the above
news published in the media, it came to the notice of the Commission and the
Commission decided to conduct a full fledged investigation and to find out the
malpractice, if any, and they conducted an preliminary enquiry and prima facie
found that during the written examination in two of the centres viz., Keelakarai
and Rameswaram, some of the candidates are involved in certain malpractice.
The Commission had decided to verify the OMR sheets of all the candidates
those who were provisionally selected and called for certificate verification and
subsequently, prima facie found that there was a malpractice and tampering of
the OMR sheets. Therefore, the TNPSC gave a complaint to the fourth
respondent, who in turn, have registered a case and the investigation is in
progress. Even in the preliminary enquiry found that no high officials of the
Commission are involved in the malpractice and there is no necessity to transfer
the investigation.
7.The learned Additional Advocate General-III appearing for the first
respondent would submit that the investigation is going on in right track and so
far almost all the accused, who alleged to have been involved in the malpractice
in the various examinations, have been arrested and incriminating materials
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W.P.(MD).No.1926 of 2020
have been collected from them and there is no specific allegation against the
Investigating Officer have been received by the first respondent so far and the
forth respondent is conducting a free and fair investigation and no need to
transfer the case to any other agencies like Central Bureau of Investigation.
8.The learned counsel appearing for the fourth respondent would
submit that on receipt of the complaint from TNPSC, the fourth respondent has
registered a case and conducting a free and fair investigation and so far, they
have arrested almost all of the accused and there is no influence by any of the
higher officials and so far 115 persons have been arrested, which includes 95
candidates, 2 Government Staff of TNPSC, 1 Driver of the vehicle which
carried answer sheet bundles and 17 other persons. Insofar as Group-IV 2019
Examination is concerned, no higher officials alleged to have been involved in
the malpractice and there is no necessity to transfer the case. Further, the
learned counsel would submit that almost the investigation has come to an end
and only awaiting for Forensic Expert Opinion and for filing final report and
therefore, at this stage, the investigation cannot be transferred. The learned
counsel has also placed reliance on the judgments of the Hon'ble Supreme
Court in the case of Arnab Ranjan Goswami -vs- Union of India and Others.,
reported in (2020)14 Supreme Court Cases 12 and Rhea Chakraborty -vs-
State of Bihar and Others., reported in 2020 SCC Online 654 and submitted
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W.P.(MD).No.1926 of 2020
that under what circumstances the investigation can be transferred from the
State investigating Agency to any other independent investigating agency like
Central Bureau of Investigation(CBI) and if all the cases are referred to CBI
which would investigate and cannot be any progress and further there is no
necessity to transfer the case, unless thee is a specific allegation against the
investigating officers.
9.The learned counsel appearing for the fifth respondent would
submit that soon after publishing the news by media, TNPSC had conducted a
preliminary enquiry and found that there was a malpractice in two of the
centres, one is Keelakarai and another one is Rameswaram and also found that
they have chosen the particular centre to achieve their goal and immediately,
the Commission filed the complaint before the fourth respondent and the fourth
respondent also registering the case and conducing the investigation. During
the investigation, they have found out not only the malpractice committed
during Group-IV 2019 Examination, but also they have found some other
malpractices in two other examinations viz., one in Group II-A 2017
examination and another one in 2016 VAO examination. None of the higher
officials have involved in the malpractice/scam. The fourth respondent
conducted a free and fair investigation and most part of the investigation have
already been over and only final report alone has to be filed. Since the
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W.P.(MD).No.1926 of 2020
investigation is in progress and charge sheet is not yet filed, this Court need not
pass any order of transferring the investigation. Therefore, at this stage, if the
investigation is transferred from the fourth respondent to the third respondent,
the entire effort taken by the fourth respondent will become futile exercise and
therefore, the writ petition is liable to be dismissed.
10.Heard Mr.K.Neelamegam, learned counsel appearing for the
petitioner, Mr.Issac Mohanlal, learned Senior Counsel appearing for the fifth
respondent and Mr.Veerakathiravan, learned Additional Advocate General-III
appearing for the respondents 1, 2, 6 to 8 and perused the materials available on
record.
11.Admittedly, there was a publication in the news channels
regarding the malpractice in Group-IV 2019 Examination conducted by
TNPSC. Subsequently, a case was registered by the fourth respondent, based on
the complaint given by the fifth respondent. Even in the year 2019, the present
writ petition for public interest has been filed by the petitioner apprehending
that some of the officials are also involved in the scam and without their help,
the scam would not have been succeeded and if the fourth respondent
conducted the investigation, the entire truth may not come out. Therefore, if an
independent agency like the third respondent would conduct the investigation,
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W.P.(MD).No.1926 of 2020
the entire truth will come out. Further, the fourth respondent has arrested some
of the candidates and lower grade staff like one Record Clerk, one Typist and
the middlemen only to show that the investigation is in progress. The State
would ensure that a free and fair investigation is being conducted and exhibit
the vital role played by the hidden higher officials of the fifth respondent. The
case has to be transferred to the Central Bureau of Investigation, as the alleged
scam is having a national impact, it would instil confidence in the public mind.
12.Admittedly, the status report filed by the Deputy Superintendent of
Police, Crime Branch CID, in which, he has stated that prima facie they have
found there is a malpractice and arrested some of the candidates and other
prime accused etc and also found that the malpractices have taken place in two
other examinations conducted by TNPSC, which clearly shows that this is not
for the first time, there are malpractices in TNPSC and other Examinations also
and therefore, in order to curb the same from the very root itself and to find out
that who are all the root cause for all these malpractices and as to whether any
higher officials, who are now in service or retired staff are involved or any
other external affairs are also involved are all to be found out and removed the
same from the root. The malpractices alleged to have been committed in Group-
IV and other Examinations are certainly having a national impact, crores of the
educated youngsters are waiting for the job and also they are running in the race
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W.P.(MD).No.1926 of 2020
to get a job on merits and trust on the system, putting their tiredless effort and
they are facing the examination being conducted by the various agencies
including TNPSC. If some of the persons diverting the root and make entry by
back door, the people will lose faith on the system and the real eligible
candidate not only will lose it if the candidates like these persons, who entered
into back door would further pollute the system and no eligible candidates
could enter into service and after some time, the back door entries will occupy
the entire system. It would also endanger to the Society and certainly the people
especially the law abiding citizen would lose faith and trust in the system and
they will also try to take the other mode or to take law into their own hands.
Therefore, there is a national impact in the said system.
13.Though the learned counsel appearing for the fourth respondent
placed reliance on the decisions of the Hon'ble Apex Court supra, the decisions
are not made applicable to the present case on hand. But those cases have been
filed by one of the parties to that cases to transfer the case from one agency to
another agency. The Hon'ble Apex Court dealt with the matter and also given
certain guidelines under what circumstance the investigation can be transferred
from the State Investigating agency to any other independent investigating
agency like CBI. No doubt, every case cannot be conducted by CBI, only in
some rare and exceptional cases otherwise, CBI would be flooded with the
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W.P.(MD).No.1926 of 2020
large number of cases and would find it impossible to have proper investigation
in all the cases.
14.It is a settled proposition that the transfer of investigation to CBI
is not a matter of routine powers conferred by Articles 32 and 226 of the
Constitution. The Supreme Court and the High Courts in rare and exceptional
cases, where the Court finds it necessary in order to do justice between the
parties and to instil confidence in the public mind, or where investigation by the
State Police lacks credibility and it is necessary for having a fair, honest and
complete investigation and particularly, when it is imperative to retain public
confidence in the impartial working of the State agencies. In this regard, it is
pertinent to refer the case in K.V.Rajendran -vs- Superintendent of Police,
CBCID South Zone, Chennai and others, reported in (2013) 12 Supreme
Court Cases 480, which is also referred to in the citations placed supra by the
learned counsel for the fourth respondent. In K.V.Rajendran's case (cited
supra), the Hon'ble Supreme Court referred to several judgments. The relevant
paragraphs are extracted hereunder:
“13. The issue involved herein, is no more res integra.
This Court has time and again dealt with the issue under what
circumstances the investigation can be transferred from the State
investigating agency to any other independent investigating
agency like CBI. It has been held that the power of transferring
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W.P.(MD).No.1926 of 2020
such investigation must be in rare and exceptional cases where
the court finds it necessary in order to do justice between the
parties and to instil confidence in the public mind, or where
investigation by the State police lacks credibility and it is
necessary for having "a fair, honest and complete investigation",
and particularly, when it is imperative to retainpublic confidence
in the impartial working of the State agencies. Where the
investigation has already been completed and charge sheet has
been filed, ordinarily superior courts should not reopen the
investigation and it should be left open to the court, where the
charge sheet has been filed, to proceed with the matter in
accordance with law. Under no circumstances, should the court
make any expression of its opinion on merit relating to any
accusation against any individual. (Vide:Gudalure M.J. Cherian
and Ors. v. Union of India and Ors.MANU/SC/0463/1992 :
(1992) 1 SCC 397; R.S. Sodhi v. State of U.P. and
Ors.MANU/SC/0013/1994 : AIR 1994 SC 38; Punjab and
Haryana Bar Association, Chandigarh through its Secretary v.
State of Punjab and Ors.MANU/SC/0220/1994 : AIR 1994 SC
1023; Vineet Narain and Ors. v. Union ofIndia and Anr.
MANU/SC/0926/1996 : AIR 1996 SC 3386; Union of India
andOrs. v. Sushil Kumar Modi and Ors. MANU/SC/0086/1997 :
AIR 1997 SC 314;Disha v. State of Gujarat and Ors.
MANU/SC/0841/2011 : AIR 2011 SC 3168;Rajender Singh
Pathania and Ors. v. State (NCT of Delhi) and
Ors.MANU/SC/0950/2011 : (2011) 13 SCC 329; and State of
Punjab v. Davinder PalSingh Bhullar and Ors. etc.
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W.P.(MD).No.1926 of 2020
MANU/SC/1476/2011 : AIR 2012 SC 364).
14. In Rubabbuddin Sheikh v. State of Gujarat and
Ors., this Court dealt with a case where the accusation had been
against high officials of the police department of the State of
Gujarat in respect of killing of persons in a fake encounter and
the Gujarat police after the conclusion of the investigation,
submitted a charge sheet before the competent criminal court.
The Court came to the conclusion that as the allegations of
committing murder under the garb of an encounter are not
against any third party but against the top police personnel of the
State of Gujarat, the investigation concluded by the State
investigating agency may not be satisfactorily held. Thus, in
order to do justice and instil confidence in the minds of the
victims as well of the public, the State police authority could not
be allowed to continue with the investigation when allegations
and offences were mostly against top officials. Thus, the Court
held that even if a charge sheet has been filed by the State
investigating agency there is no prohibition for transferring the
investigation to any other independent investigating agency.
15. In State of West Bengal v. Committee for Protection
of Democratic RightsMANU/SC/0121/2010 : AIR 2010 SC 1476,
a Constitution Bench of this Court has clarified that
extraordinary power to transfer the investigation from State
investigating agency to any other investigating agency must be
exercised sparingly, cautiously and in exceptional situations
where it becomes necessary to provide credibility and instil
confidence in investigation or where the incident may have
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W.P.(MD).No.1926 of 2020
national and international ramifications or where such an order
may be necessary for doing complete justice and enforcing the
fundamental rights. (See also: Ashok Kumar Todi v. Kishwar
Jahan and Ors. MANU/SC/0162/2011 :AIR 2011 SC 1254).
16. This Court in the case of Sakiri Vasu v. State of U.P.
(SCC p.416, para 31) held:
'31....this Court or the High Court has power under
Article 136 or Article 226 to order investigation by the CBI. That,
however should be done only in some rare and exceptional case,
otherwise, the CBI would be flooded with a large number of cases
and would find it impossible to properly investigate all of them.'
17. In view of the above, the law can be summarised to
the effect that the Court could exercise its Constitutional powers
for transferring an investigation from the State investigating
agency to any other independent investigating agency like CBI
only in rare and exceptional cases. Such as where high officials
of State authorities are involved, or the accusation itself is
against the top officials of the investigating agency thereby
allowing them to influence the investigation, and further that it is
so necessary to do justice and to instil confidence in the
investigation or where the investigation is prima facie found to be
tainted/biased.
Considering the above facts and circumstances of the
present case do not present special features warranting transfer
of investigation to CBI.”
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The principles laid down in the above mentioned judgments ie., the power of
transferring such investigation must be in rare and exceptional cases where the
Court finds it necessary in order to do justice between the parties and to instil
confidence in the public mind, is squarely applicable to the present case on
hand.
15.Admittedly, in this case, there is malpractice and scam, during the
examination conducted by the fifth respondent, so far, the fourth respondent has
not filed charge sheet or final report. The fourth respondent has filed status
report, in which, he has stated that the investigation is in progress and two more
scam have been found out and in all the three cases, some of the accused have
been arrested and no higher officials are involved, which creates suspicion in
the mind of the public. So without the help of any higher officials, the alleged
malpractice and scam could not have been done. It is the duty of the State to
remove the doubts in the mind of the public. Otherwise, candidates will not
approach the Commission in future in a right way to enter into service, they
always try to find out a wrong way and therefore, it is bounden duty of this
Court to remove all these bad impressions. Therefore, we find that this is a rare
and exceptional case even though there is no specific allegation against any of
the Investigating Officers, still there is a doubt in the mind of the public.
Therefore, in order to justify and instil confidence in the mind of the public,
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this Court finds it just and proper and that this is a very suitable case to transfer
the investigation from the fourth respondent to the third respondent. Since the
alleged allegation expressed is having a national impact and this Court has got
the power to transfer the investigation from the state agency to any other
independent investigating agency and this Court finds that this is a rare of the
rarest case and considering the exceptional situation, this Court deems it fit that
if the investigation is being done by CBI, it will dig out the entire truth to light
and remove the bad impression in the mind of the general public at large.
16.For all the above reasons, this Writ Petition is allowed. The fourth
respondent is directed to hand over the investigation of the cases to the third
respondent and on receipt of such cases, the third respondent is directed to take
over the cases from the fourth respondent and to conduct a free and fair
investigation and file a charge sheet as early as possible without any inordinate
delay. No costs.
(P.S.N.J.,) (P.V.J.,)
14.12.2021
Index : Yes / No
Internet: yes / No
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W.P.(MD).No.1926 of 2020
Note: In view of the present lock down owing to COVID-19
pandemic, a web copy of the order may be utilized
for official purposes, but, ensuring that the copy of the
order that is presented is the correct copy, shall be the
responsibility of the advocate / litigant concerned.
To
1.The Chief Secretary,
Secretariat, Fort St. George,
Chennai-600 009.
2.The Home Secretary,
State of Tamil Nadu,
Secretariat, Fort St. George,
Chennai-600 009.
3.The Director General of Police (DGP)
State of Tamil Nadu,
Dr.Radhakrishnansalai,
Mylapore,
Chennai-600 004.
4.The District Collector,
O/o.Collectorate Complex,
Ramanathapuram District,
Ramanathapuram.
5.The Superintendent of Police,
O/o.Superintendent of Police,
Ramanathapuram District,
Ramanathapuram.
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W.P.(MD).No.1926 of 2020
PUSHPA SATHYANARAYANA, J.,
and
P.VELMURUGAN,J.,
Ns
W.P.(MD).No.1926 of 2020
14.12.2021
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