Madras High Court
K. Maran vs V.L. Senniappan on 9 August, 2021
CMA No.2382 of 2015
IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT MADRAS
DATED: 09.08.2021
CORAM:
THE HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE ABDUL QUDDHOSE
CMA No.2382 of 2015
K. Maran ... Appellant
versus
1. V.L. Senniappan
2. The New India Assurance Company Ltd.,
No.12, New Hospital Road,
Gobi.
3. E. Selvam .... Respondents
Respondents 1 & 3, remained exparte
before the Tribunal, hence notice may be
dispensed with for the respondents 1 & 3 in this Appeal.
Civil Miscellaneous Appeal filed under Section 173 of the Motor
Vehicles Act to enhance the compensation awarded in the judgment and
decree dated 14.07.2011 made in M.C.O.P. No.466 of 2009 on the file of
MACT/Fast Track Court No.IV, Bhavani, Erode District with interest and
cost.
For Appellant : Mr.Ma.Pa.Thangavel
For Respondents : Ms.S.R.Sumathy for R2
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CMA No.2382 of 2015
JUDGMENT
(Heard Video Conference)
This appeal has been filed by the claimant seeking enhancement of
compensation under the impugned award dated 14.07.2011 passed by the
Motor Accidents Claims Tribunal, Fast Track Court – IV, Bhavani, Erode
district in MCOP No.466 of 2009.
2. The appellant / claimant unsatisfied with the quantum of
compensation awarded by the Tribunal under the impugned award has
preferred this appeal seeking for enhancement.
3. The Tribunal under the impugned award directed the
respondents to pay the appellant / claimant a compensation of Rs.
1,82,000/- together with interest and costs as detailed below :-
Heads Amount awarded
by the Tribunal
(Rs.)
80% permanent disability 160000
Pain and suffering 10000
Extra nourishment 10000
Transportation 2000
Total 182000
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CMA No.2382 of 2015
4. The appellant / claimant sustained grievous injuries as a result of
an accident caused by a vehicle insured with the second respondent on
14.06.2009. The respondents have not disputed the cause of the accident
as no appeal has been filed as against the findings of the Tribunal. They
have also not disputed the nature of the injuries sustained by the
appellant / claimant as a result of the accident. The appellant / claimant's
right leg was amputated above his knee as a result of an accident, which
happened on 14.06.2009. At the time of the accident, the appellant /
claimant was aged 55 years which is also not disputed by the
respondents. In the claim petition, the appellant / claimant has pleaded
that he was a Coolie (Labourer) earning Rs.10,000/-p.m., at the time of
the accident. The Tribunal under the impugned award has not assessed
the monthly income of the appellant / claimant.
5. Heard Mr.Ma.Pa.Thangavel, learned counsel for the appellant /
claimant and Ms.S.R.Sumathy, learned counsel for the respondent. R1
and R3 remained ex-parte before the Tribunal, hence notice to R1 and R3
are dispensed with.
6. This Court has perused and examined the impugned award
before the Tribunal.
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CMA No.2382 of 2015
7. The learned counsel for the appellant/ claimant would submit
that the quantum of compensation awarded by the Tribunal under various
heads is inadequate and is not a just compensation. According to him,
the Tribunal ought to have considered the appellant / claimant's
amputation and ought to have adopted the multiplier method for
assessing the loss of earning capacity of the appellant / claimant, but
instead has erroneously granted the disability compensation on
percentage basis. According to him, the disability compensation awarded
by the Tribunal at Rs.1,60,000/- is also too low.
8. The learned counsel for the appellant /claimant also submitted
that the Tribunal ought to have awarded loss of future prospects to the
appellant / claimant, since the appellant / claimant has lost one of his legs
in the accident which is also not disputed by the respondents.
9. In support of his submission, the learned counsel for the
appellant / claimant relied upon the following authorities :
a) A decision of the Hon'ble Supreme Court in the case
of Karthik Subramanian Versus B.Sarath Babu & Another
reported in CDJ 2021 SC 196.
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CMA No.2382 of 2015
b) A decision of the Hon'ble Supreme Court in the case
of Erudhaya Priya verus State Express Transport
Corporation Ltd., reported in 2020 SCC Online SC 601.
10. After relying upon the aforesaid decisions, the learned counsel
for the appellant / claimant would submit that the Tribunal ought to have
awarded loss of future prospects to the appellant / claimant but has
erroneously failed to grant the same under the impugned award. He
would also rely upon the judgment of the Hon'ble Supreme Court in the
case of Nutan Rani and another versus Gurmail Singh and others
reported in (2018) 17 SCC 109 and would submit that even though the
accident had happened much prior to the judgment of the Hon'ble
Supreme Court in the case of National Insurance Company Limited vs.
Pranay Sethi & others reported in 2017 16 SCC 680, the ratio laid down
in Pranay Sethi's judgment is applicable for this case also as held by the
Hon'ble Supreme Court in the case of Nutan Rani's case, referred to
supra. Therefore, under these circumstances, the learned counsel for the
appellant / claimant seeks for enhancement of compensation to the
appellant / claimant.
11. Per contra, the learned counsel for the second respondent /
Insurance Company would vehemently oppose the grant of any
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CMA No.2382 of 2015
enhancement of compensation to the appellant /claimant. According to
her, the appellant / claimant was aged 55 years and before the Tribunal he
has not proved by way of any documentary evidence that he was a Coolie
at the time of the accident and was earning Rs.10,000/-p.m. According to
her, the Tribunal has correctly assessed the compensation payable to the
appellant /claimant. Further, she would submit that the question of
payment of compensation towards loss of future prospects will also not
arise, since the appellant / claimant was aged 55 years at the time of the
accident and was only a Labourer.
Discussion :
12. Admittedly, the appellant/ claimant has lost one of his legs in
the accident. Admittedly, he was hospitalised between 14.06.2009 to
18.08.2009, for a period of 65 days, as seen from the trip sheets( 7 nos),
which has been marked as Ex.P12 before the Tribunal. The period of his
hospitalisation has also not been disputed by the respondents as seen
from the evidence available on record. When the appellant / claimant's
leg has been amputated as a result of an accident and his long period of
his hospitalisation has also not been disputed by the respondents before
the Tribunal, this Court is of the considered view that multiplier method
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CMA No.2382 of 2015
ought to have been adopted by the Tribunal for the purpose of assessing
the loss of earning capacity of the appellant /claimant but erroneously
under the impugned award, the Tribunal has awarded disability
compensation to the appellant / claimant on percentage basis, calculated
at Rs.2,000/- per percentage of disability for the 80% disability suffered
by the appellant / claimant. This Court is of the considered view that the
said assessment is an erroneous assessment.
13. Under Schedule Part II of the Employees Compensation Act,
1923, the percentage of loss of earning capacity in amputation cases -
upper limbs (either arm) and as per Sl. No.17 contained therein, which
pertains to amputation below hip and stump not exceeding 12.70 cms in
length measured from tip of great trenchanter, has been fixed statutorily
at 80%. The Doctor in the instant case has also assessed the disability of
the appellant / claimant at 80%. However, the Tribunal has instead of
adopting the multiplier method has awarded the disability compensation
for 80% disability on percentage basis. After giving due consideration to
the fact that the appellant / claimant's leg has been amputated and his
long period of his hospitalisation, this Court is of the considered view
that the percentage of permanent disability of the appellant / claimant
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CMA No.2382 of 2015
will have to be fixed at 80%, in terms of the Employees Compensation
Act, 1923(Part II). The Tribunal under the impugned award has not
assessed the monthly income of the appellant / claimant. This Court is of
the considered view that since the year of the accident is 2009 and when
the appellant /claimant has not produced any documentary evidence
before the Tribunal to prove his monthly income, the notional monthly
income of the appellant / claimant is fixed by this Court at Rs.6,500/- by
following the decision of the Hon'ble Supreme Court in the case of Syed
Sadiq and others V. Divisional Manager, United India Insurance
Company Limited reported in 2014 ACJ 6, where the Hon'ble Supreme
Court fixed the notional monthly income of the accident victim, who was
a vegetable vendor at Rs.6500/- for an accident that took place in the
year 2008. This Court is applying the same yardstick for the case of this
appellant / claimant also, who was a Coolie(labourer) at the time of the
accident, which happened in the year 2009. Since, this Court is adopting
the multiplier method instead of disability compensation on percentage
basis, the loss of earning capacity of the appellant /claimant is
determined by this Court at Rs.7,55,040/-, instead of Rs.1,60,000/-
assessed by the Tribunal towards disability compensation, calculated at
Rs.2,000/- per percentage of disability for the 80% assessed by the
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CMA No.2382 of 2015
Doctor. This Court is also granting compensation towards loss of future
prospects to the appellant /claimant by following the decisions of the
Hon'ble Supreme Court :-
1) Karthik Subramanian Versus B.Sarath Babu & Another
reported in CDJ 2021 SC 196.
2) Erudhaya Priya verus State Express Transport
Corporation Ltd., reported in 2020 SCC Online SC 601.
14. In the case of Karthik Subramanian Versus B.Sarath Babu &
Another reported in CDJ 2021 SC 196. the Hon'ble Supreme Court has
held as follows :-
Learned counsel for the appellant had relied upon the recent
judgment of this Court in Erudhaya Priya v. State Express Transport
Corporation Ltd. - 2020 SCC OnLine SC 601. The judgment took into
consideration the earlier judgments including in Pranay Sethi (supra)
and Sandeep Khanduja v. Atul Dande – (2017) 3 SCC 351. The latter
judgment had opined that multiplier method was logically sound and
legally well established to quantify the loss of income as a result of death
or permanent disability suffered in an accident. The present case being
one of permanent disability of 40 per cent, it has been urged that the
same principle should be applied in the present case while in fact nothing
has been granted on account of future prospects.
In our view, this issue is no more res integra in view of Sandeep
Khanduja’s case (supra) and Erudhaya Priya’s case (supra) opining that
multiplier method has to be applied for future prospects and advancement
in life and career.
Thus, the same principle would have to apply and learned counsel for
insurance Company cannot seriously contend to the contrary.
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CMA No.2382 of 2015
We thus, adopt the same principle of loss of the earning power taking into
consideration that the appellant has been able to establish through the
documents of employment and the bank statement that he was getting a
salary of Rs.37,500/-, albeit for a short period. Fifty per cent of that
amount would have to be taken into account which is Rs.18,750/- per
month and multiplied by 12 for the whole year. The multiplier would be
16 in the present case taking into consideration that the age of the
appellant is 34 years. The disability is 40 per cent. The loss of the
earning power would be thus, as under:
Heads Amount
Loss of earning power
Rs.14,40,000/-
18750*12*16*40/100
Towards future prospects (50%
Rs.7,20,000/-
Addition)
Total Rs.21,60,000/-
Relevant paragraphs in the case of Erudhaya Priya verus State
Express Transport Corporation Ltd., reported in 2020 SCC Online SC
601 which also supports the case of the appellant is also extracted
hereunder :-
12. In the factual contours of the present case, if we examine the
disability certificate, it shows the admission/hospitalization on 8
occasions for various number of days over 1½ years from August 2011
to January 2013. The nature of injuries hadbeen set out as under:
“Nature of injury:
(i) compound fracture shaft left humerus
(ii) fracture both bones left forearm
(iii) compound fracture both bones right forearm
(iv) fracture 3 , 4 & 5th metacarpals right hand
(v) subtrochanteric fracture right femur
(vi) fracture shaft left femur
(vii) fracture both bones left leg”
13. We have also perused the photographs annexed to the petition
showing the current physical state of the appellant, though it is stated by
learned counsel for the respondent State Corporation that the same was
not on record in the trial court. Be that as it may, this is the position
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CMA No.2382 of 2015
even after treatment and the nature of injuries itself show their extent.
Further, it has been opined in para 12 of Sandeep Khanuja case (supra)
that while applying the multiplier method, future prospects on
advancement in life and career are also to be taken into consideration.
14. We are, thus, unequivocally of the view that there is merit in the
contention of the appellant and the aforesaid principles with regard to
future prospects must also be applied in the case of the appellant taking
the permanent disability as 31.1%. The quantification of the same on the
basis of the judgment in National Insurance Co. Ltd. case (supra), more
specifically para 59.3, considering the age of the appellant, would be
50% of the actual salary in the present case.
(c) The third and the last aspect is the interest rate claimed as 12%
15. In view of the fact that the appellant / claimant has sustained
amputation of one of his legs which is not disputed by the respondents,
the ratio laid down by the Hon'ble Supreme Court in the decisions
referred to supra squarely applies to the facts of the instant case also.
Accordingly, loss of future prospects is granted to the appellant /claimant
at 10%, since the appellant / claimant was aged 55 years at the time of
the accident. The Hon'ble Supreme Court in the case of Nutan Rani and
another versus Gurmail Singh and others reported in (2018) 17 SCC
109 has made it clear that the Courts are empowered to apply the ratio
laid down by the Hon'ble Supreme Court in the case of Pranay Sethi's
case referred to supra, even though the accident had happened much
prior to Pranay Sethi's judgment. Therefore, this Court is applying the
Pranay Sethi's judgment of the Hon'ble Supreme Court for fixing the
percentage payable towards loss of future prospects to the appellant /
claimant. Accordingly, this Court fixes the compensation towards loss of
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CMA No.2382 of 2015
future prospects to the appellant / claimant at 10%.
16. Since, the nature of injuries sustained by the appellant /
claimant as referred to supra have not been disputed by the respondents
before the Tribunal, as seen from the evidence available on record, the
vehement opposition made by the learned counsel for the second
respondent / Insurance Company before this Court for the grant of loss of
future prospects is rejected by this Court.
17. With regard to the other heads of compensation awarded by the
Tribunal are concerned viz., pain and suffering at Rs.10,000/-, extra
nourishment at Rs.10,000/-; Transport expenses at Rs.2,000/- are
concerned, the same needs to be necessarily enhanced considering the
nature of injuries sustained by the appellant / claimant and his long
period of his hospitalisation. This Court therefore, enhances the
compensation towards pain and suffering from Rs.10,000/- to
Rs.30,000/- towards extra nourishment from Rs.10,000/- to Rs.15,000/-;
transportation from Rs.2,000/- to Rs.10,000/-.
18. The Tribunal has failed to award any compensation towards
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CMA No.2382 of 2015
attender charges to the appellant /claimant which he is legally entitled to
as per the settled practice. The Tribunal has also failed to award any
compensation towards loss of amenities which also the appellant
/claimant is legally entitled to. This Court fixes the compensation
towards attender charges (65 days in hospital) to the appellant / claimant
at Rs.30,000/- and similarly, this Court fixes the loss of amenities at
Rs.15,000/- after giving due consideration to the nature of injuries
sustained by the appellant / claimant.
19. For the foregoing reasons, the award of the Tribunal is hereby
modified in the following manner :
Heads Amount awarded Amount awarded
by the Tribunal by this Court
(Rs.) (Rs.)
80% permanent disability 160000 7,55,040
* 80% x Rs.2,000/- per * #
percentage of disability
#Rs.6,500/- + 650 =
Rs.7150/- x 12 x 11 x 80%
Pain and suffering 10000 30000
Extra nourishment 10000 15000
Transportation 2000 10000
Attender charges - 30000
Loss of amenities - 15000
Total 182000 855040
20. In the result, the appeal filed by the appellant / claimant,
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CMA No.2382 of 2015
stands partly allowed by enhancing the compensation from Rs.1,82,000/-
to Rs.8,55,040/- as indicated above. No costs.
21. The second respondent / Insurance Company is directed to
deposit the entire award amount as assessed by this Court together with
interest at 7.5% p.a. from the date of claim petition till the date of
realization, less the amount, if any, already deposited to the credit of
M.C.O.P. No.466 of 2009 on the file of MACT/Fast Track Court No.IV,
Bhavani, Erode District, within a period of four weeks from the date of
receipt of a copy of this Judgment. On such deposit being made, the
Tribunal is directed to transfer the award amount directly to the bank
account of the appellant /claimant, through RTGS, within a period of
two weeks thereafter. The requisite Court fee, if any has to be paid by
the appellant/claimant before receiving the copy of this Judgment.
09.08.2021
Index: Yes/No
Internet: Yes/No
Speaking Order/Non-Speaking Order
vsi2
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CMA No.2382 of 2015
ABDUL QUDDHOSE, J.
vsi2
To
1. The Additional District Judge,
Motor Accident Claims Tribunal,
Fast Track Court No.IV, Bhavani,
Erode District.
2. The Section Officer,
V.R. Section
High Court of Madras, Chennai - 104.
CMA No.2382 of 2015
09.08.2021
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