Kerala High Court
Muhammed Ashiq K vs Hdfc Bank on 28 March, 2025
Author: C.S.Dias
Bench: C.S.Dias
2025:KER:26797
WP(C) NO. 6525 OF 2025
1
IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM
PRESENT
THE HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE C.S.DIAS
FRIDAY, THE 28TH DAY OF MARCH 2025 / 7TH CHAITHRA, 1947
WP(C) NO. 6525 OF 2025
PETITIONER:
MUHAMMED ASHIQ K
AGED 24 YEARS
S/O ASSAIN K, KOTTAKKUZHIYIL HOUSE, EAST
MALAYAMMA, MALAYAMMA, CHATHAMANGALAM, KOZHIKODE,
KERALA, PIN - 673601
BY ADV HAMDAN MANSOOR K.
RESPONDENTS:
1 HDFC BANK
REPRESENTED BY ITS MANAGER, MUKKAM BRANCH, GROUND
FLOOR, TESNA TOWER, MUKKAM, KOZHIKODE, PIN -
673602
2 RESERVE BANK OF INDIA
REPRESENTED BY ITS GOVERNOR, HEAD OFFICE, MUMBAI,
MAHARASHTRA -, PIN - 400029
3 NATIONAL CYBER CRIME REPORTING PORTAL,
REPRESENTED BY ITS DIRECTOR, NATIONAL HIGHWAY - 8,
MAHIPALPUR, NEW DELHI -, PIN - 110037
4 STATE POLICE CHIEF
POLICE HEAD QUARTERS, VAZHUTHACAUD,
THIRUVANANTHAPURAM, PIN - 695014
5 STATION HOUSE OFFICER
PUNE CITY CYBER POLICE STATION, PUNE, MAHARASHTRA,
PIN - 411005
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WP(C) NO. 6525 OF 2025
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DSGI GP SMT VIDYA KURIAKOSE,
SC SRI PREMCHAND
THIS WRIT PETITION (CIVIL) HAVING COME UP FOR ADMISSION
ON 28.03.2025, THE COURT ON THE SAME DAY DELIVERED THE
FOLLOWING:
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WP(C) NO. 6525 OF 2025
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JUDGMENT
Dated this the 28th day of March, 2025
The writ petition is filed to direct the 1 st
respondent bank to lift the freezing of the petitioner's
bank account bearing No.50100595347587.
2.The petitioner is the holder of the above bank
account with the 1st respondent bank. The petitioner
states that the 1st respondent has frozen the petitioner's
bank account pursuant to a requisition received from the
5th respondent. The action of the 1st respondent is illegal
and arbitrary. Hence, this writ petition.
3. Heard; the learned counsel appearing for
the petitioner, the learned counsel for the first
respondent and the learned Government Pleader.
4. The learned counsel for the first respondent
submitted that the disputed amount is Rs.69,456/-. The
said submission is recorded.
5. In considering an identical matter, this Court
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in Dr.Sajeer v. Reserve Bank of India [2024 (1) KLT 826]
held as follows:
" a. The respondent Banks arrayed in these cases, are
directed to confine the order of freeze against the accounts
of the respective petitioners, only to the extent of the
amounts mentioned in the order/requisition issued to them
by the Police Authorities. This shall be done forthwith, so
as to enable the petitioners to deal with their accounts,
and transact therein, beyond that limit.
b. The respondent - Police Authorities concerned are
hereby directed to inform the respective Banks as to
whether freezing of accounts of the petitioners in these
Writ Petitions will require to be continued even in the
afore manner; and if so, for what further time, within a
period of eight months from the date of receipt of a copy of
this judgment.
c. On the Banks receiving the afore information/intimation
from the Police Authorities, they will adhere with it and
complete necessary action - either continuing the freeze
for such period as mentioned therein; or withdrawing it, as
the case may be.
d. If, however, no information or intimation is received by
their Banks in terms of directions (b) above, the petitioners
or such among them, will be at full liberty to approach this
Court again; for which purpose, all their contentions in
these Writ Petitions are left open and reserved to them, to
impel in future."
6. Subsequently, this Court in Nazeer K.T v.
Manager, Federal Bank Ltd [2024 KHC OnLine 768],
after concurring with the view in Dr.Sajeer's case (supra)
and taking into consideration Section 102 of the Code of
Criminal Procedure (now Section 106 of the Bharatiya
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WP(C) NO. 6525 OF 2025
Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023] and the interpretation
of Section 102 of the Code laid down by the Hon'ble
Supreme Court in State of Maharashtra v. Tapas D
Neogy [(1999) 7 SCC 685], Teesta Atul Setalvad v. State
of Gujarat [(2018) 2 SCC 372] and Shento Varghese v.
Julfikar Husen and others [2024 SCC OnLine SC 895],
has held thus:
"8. The above discussion leads to the conclusion
that, while delay in forthwith reporting the seizure to the
Magistrate may only be an irregularity, total failure to
report the seizure will definitely have a negative impact
on the validity of the seizure. In such circumstances,
account holders like the petitioner, most of whom are not
even made accused in the crimes registered, cannot be
made to wait indefinitely hoping that the police may act in
tune with S.102 and report the seizure as mandated
under Sub-section (3) at some point of time. In that view
of the matter, the following direction is issued, in addition
to the directions in Dr.Sajeer (supra).
(i) The Police officer concerned shall inform the
banks whether the seizure of the bank account has been
reported to the jurisdictional Magistrate and if not, the
time limit within which the seizure will be reported. If no
intimation as to the compliance or the proposal to comply
with the S.102 is informed to bank within one month
ofreceipt of a copy of the judgment, the bank shall lift the
debit freeze imposed on the petitioner's account.
(ii) In order to enable the police to comply with the
above direction, the bank as well as the petitioner shall
forthwith serve a copy of this judgment to the officer
concerned and retain proof of such service.
7. I am in complete agreement with the views in
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Dr.Sajeer and Nazeer K.T cases (supra). The above
principles squarely apply to the facts of the case on
hand.
In the above conspectus, I dispose of the writ
petition by passing the following directions:
(i) The 1st respondent Bank is directed to
confine the freezing order of the petitioner's
bank account only to the extent of the amount
mentioned in the order/requisition issued by
the Police Authorities. The above exercise shall
be done forthwith, so as to enable the
petitioner to transact through his account
beyond the said limit;
(ii). The Police Authorities are hereby
directed to inform the Bank as to whether
freezing of the petitioner's account will be
required to be continued even in the afore
manner; and if so, for what further time;
(iii) On the Bank receiving the afore
information/intimation from the Police
Authorities, they will adhere with it and
complete necessary action - either continuing
the freeze for such period as mentioned
therein; or withdrawing it, as the case may be;
(iv). If, however, no information or intimation is
received by the Bank in terms of direction (ii)
above, the petitioner will be at full liberty to
approach this Court again; for which purpose,
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WP(C) NO. 6525 OF 2025
all his contentions in this Writ Petition are left
open and reserved to him, to impel in future;
(v) The jurisdictional police officers shall
inform the Bank whether the seizure of the
bank account has been reported to the
jurisdictional Magistrate and if not, the time
limit within which the seizure will be reported.
If no intimation as to the compliance or the
proposal to comply with Section 102 of the
Cr.P.C. is received by the Bank within two
months of receipt of a copy of this judgment,
the Bank shall lift the debit freeze or remove
the lien, as the case may be, on the petitioner's
bank account;
(vi) In order to enable the Police to comply
with the above direction, the Bank, as well as
the petitioner, shall forthwith serve a copy of
this judgment to the jurisdictional officer and
retain proof of such service.
The writ petition is ordered accordingly.
SD/-
C.S.DIAS, JUDGE
rmm28/3/2025
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WP(C) NO. 6525 OF 2025
APPENDIX OF WP(C) 6525/2025
PETITIONER EXHIBITS
Exhibit P1 A TRUE COPY OF THE DETAILS OF THE
COMPLAINT DATED 05.08.2023
