Catholic Syrian Bank vs Board Of Industrial And Financial ...
2009 Latest Caselaw 4218 Del

         THE HIGH COURT OF DELHI AT NEW DELHI

%                                Judgment reserved on : 08.10.2009
                                 Judgment delivered on: 21.10.2009

+      W.P.(C) 8361/2008

CATHOLIC SYRIAN BANK                                   ..... Petitioner

                                 - versus-

BOARD OF INDUSTRIAL AND FINANCIAL
RECONSTRUCTION & ORS                                    ..... Respondent

Advocates who appeared in this case:
For the Petitioner        :      Mr P.I. Jose with Mr B.K. Mishra,
                                 Advocates
For the Respondent        :      Mr C. Mukund with Mr Ashok
                                 Kasera, Advocates for respondent no. 2

CORAM:-
HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE BADAR DURREZ AHMED
HON'BLE MS. JUSTICE VEENA BIRBAL

1.     Whether the Reporters of local papers may be allowed to
       see the judgment? yes

2.     To be referred to the Reporter or not? yes

3.     Whether the judgment should be reported in Digest? yes

VEENA BIRBAL, J.

1. By way of present petition under Article 226 and 227 of the

Constitution of India, petitioner has challenged impugned order dated

03.03.2008 passed by the Appellate Authority for Industrial and

Financial Reconstruction, New Delhi (hereinafter referred to as

„AAIFR‟) wherein it is held that respondent no.2 is no more a sick

industrial company under Section 3(1)(o) of Sick Industrial

Companies (Special Provisions) Act, 1985 (hereinafter referred to as

„SICA‟) as its net worth has turned positive as such Board for

Industrial and Financial Reconstruction (hereinafter referred to as

„BIFR‟) as well as AAIFR ceases to have any jurisdiction over the

said company.

2. Briefly the facts necessary for disposal of present writ petition

are as under:-

On 22.06.1998, respondent no. 2, i.e., Dunlop India Ltd was

declared a sick industrial company in terms of Section 3(1)(o) of

SICA and IDBI (Industrial Development Bank of India) was

appointed as the O.A. (Operating Agency) under Section 17(3) of

SICA to examine the viability of the company and submit its report

for its revival. Subsequently, the O.A. was changed and State Bank of

India was appointed as the O.A. After several hearings, the BIFR

vide its order dated 19.10.2001 directed the company to sort out all

issues and submit its Draft Rehabilitation Scheme through O.A.

within 60 days. Pending approval of draft rehabilitation scheme, on

31.08.2006 and on 06.11.2006, respondent no. 2 filed applications

before BIFR seeking its permission for issue of Rs. 2 crore equity

shares of Rs. 10/- each fully paid up at par to its promoters and/or its

associates on private placement basis against full consideration to be

utilized for rehabilitation of the company and passing further specific

directions incidental thereto for the purpose of listing these shares in

stock exchanges in dematerialized form. On the basis of above

request of respondent no. 2, the BIFR passed an order dated

16.03.2007 permitting the company to enhance its authorized share

capital from Rs. 70 crores to Rs. 75 crores. The company was further

permitted to issue equity shares of face value of Rs. 10/- each worth

Rs. 27 crores, at par, on rights basis against payment of full

consideration within a period of one month from the date of the order

by exempting respondent no. 2 from compliance of the requirements

under various Acts/Regulations formulated by Securities and

Exchange Board of India (SEBI) and stock exchanges as applicable.

The said order was challenged by the petitioner as well as SEBI and

BSE by filing separate appeals before AAIFR which were disposed of

by common impugned order dated 03.03.2008 contending that the

impugned order could not have been passed as no scheme under

Section 18(1) of SICA had been prepared by the O.A. The SEBI and

BSE had raised other contentions also which are not relevant for the

disposal of present writ petition as they are not before us nor it is

informed that they have challenged the impugned order. It was also

contended before BIFR that no notice was given to the secured

creditors by the BIFR before passing the impugned order. On the

other hand, the stand of the respondent before the Tribunal was that

there was no necessity to hear them and BIFR was totally justified in

passing the impugned order for revival of the company by exempting

the company from provisions of various Acts/Regulations. During the

pendency of the appeal, the respondent company submitted the

judgment of Madras High Court in W.P.(C) No. 24422/2006 wherein

it is held that Dunlop India Ltd i.e., respondent no. 2 ceases to be a

sick industrial company. The Madras High Court examined the

audited balance sheet of the respondent company and noted that the

audited balance sheet of the company as on 31.03.2007 was showing a

positive net worth and the company had already moved an application

before the BIFR praying for de-registration of the case which had not

been disposed of for 9 months. It was held by Madras High Court that

the respondent no. 2 ceases to be a sick company and BIFR cannot

retain its jurisdiction over the company any further. In view of the

judgment of Madras High Court, AAIFR held that as the net worth of

the company had turned positive and company was no more a sick

industrial company under Section 3(1)(o) of SICA, the BIFR as well

as AAIFR ceased to have any jurisdiction over it and dismissed the

appeal on that ground.

3. Aggrieved with the same, the present petition is filed.

4. Learned counsel for petitioner has contended that respondent

no. 2 has shown profits by sale of assets, as such, it should not have

been deregistered from BIFR. In this regard, learned counsel has

referred to the order of BIFR dated 23.07.2007. It is contended that

vide said order, explanation from respondent no. 2 was sought as to

why immovable assets of the company had been sold without the

permission of BIFR when restrictions under Section 22 of SICA were

in force and further, why action should not be taken against the

company/its Directors/officials under Section 24 of SICA and nullify

the sale/transfer. It is contended that in the said order, BIFR also

noted the contention of O.A. (SBI) that profits are there on account of

sale of its assets/shares due to which the net worth has been shown

positive and the same was not acceptable being not within the

objectives of SICA.

Learned counsel for the petitioner has also contended that the

company was declared sick on 22.06.1998 under Section 22 of the

SICA due to which, petitioner was prevented from initiating any

action for recovery of its dues for almost 10 years. It is further

contended that had the company not been declared sick, petitioner

would have had legal recourse against all those properties which have

been now sold by the respondent no. 2 to its sister concern. It is

contended that due to said act of respondent no. 2, petitioner has been

restrained from proceeding against those properties. As such, rights

of petitioner have been materially affected.

It is further contended that the impugned order of AAIFR, has

restrained BIFR from looking into the correctness and legality of the

balance sheet submitted for determining the sickness of the company.

5. On the other hand, the learned counsel for the respondent has

contended that petitioner has no locus standi to challenge the

impugned order dated 03.03.2008 passed by the AAIFR. It is

contended that vide impugned order, petitioner has challenged the

correctness of the order of BIFR dated 16.03.2007 which had

permitted the respondent company to issue equity shares of face value

of Rs. 10/- each, worth Rs 27 crores at par, on rights basis, against

payment of full consideration. It is contended that the said order has

not affected the rights of petitioner against respondent no.2 in any

manner. It is not contended that the said order has not been

challenged by any shareholder of the company. Rather, it has helped

the company to come out of its sickness and rehabilitate itself.

6. It is further contended that petitioner is a secured creditor. It

cannot contend that a company should remain a sick industrial unit or

that rehabilitation should not be done in a particular manner, as is

contended in the present matter. It is further contended that petitioner

is having sufficient security of the respondent company to secure the

alleged dues of the petitioner as property situated at Malabar Hill, Flat

No. 59 on 4th floor, Block No. 5 in Hill Park Estate, Mumbai -

400006, value of which is more than the alleged dues, is mortgaged

with the petitioner Bank and the said property has not been alienated

in any manner by the respondent no. 2 company. As such, petitioner

has no locus standi to question the manner in which the respondent

no. 2 is rehabilitating itself. It is further submitted that all the dues of

other financial institutions have been cleared by the respondent

company except the dues of petitioner Bank as it has refused to settle

the matter with the respondent no. 2 and is challenging the impugned

order of AAIFR. It is contended that impugned order dated

03.03.2008 records that the company has come out of its sickness,

against which, the petitioner Bank should not have any grievance as

the same does not affect the right/interest of the petitioner Bank in any

manner.

It is further contended that petitioner has already acted upon the

order of AAIFR by filing recovery proceedings of its alleged dues

before the Debts Recovery Tribunal, Calcutta. As such, it is estopped

from challenging the correctness of the said order. It is further

contended that the said fact of filing O.A. for recovery of the dues is

concealed by the petitioner in the writ petition, as such, petitioner is

not entitled for discretional relief of this court. It is further contended

that the present petition is barred by delay and laches.

7. We have heard learned counsel for the parties and gone through

the material on record.

8. As noted above, the respondent no. 2 was declared a sick

industrial undertaking in terms of Section 3(1)(o) of the SICA on

22.06.1998. O.A. had been appointed and after several hearings before

the BIFR, it directed, vide its order dated 19.10.2001, respondent No.2

to submit the Draft Rehabilitation Scheme to the O.A. within 60 days.

Thereafter, on the applications dated 31.08.2006 and 06.11.2006 of

the respondent no. 2 before BIFR, seeking permission of BIFR for

issue of 2 crore equity shares, which was allowed vide order dated

16.03.2002 of BIFR, petitioner has shown its grievance and

challenged the same before the AAIFR by filing an appeal. It has

been brought to our notice that pursuant to order of BIFR dated

16.03.2007, rights issue was opened on 02.04.2007 and on

25.04.2007, the same was fully subscribed by the shareholders

without any objection. AAIFR, following the decision of Madras

High Court in W.P.(C) No. 24422/2006, vide impugned order dated

03.03.2008 has held that the net worth of respondent company has

turned positive and, as such, it is no more a sick company under

Section 3(1)(o) of SICA and has held that BIFR as well as AAIFR

cease to have any jurisdiction. The order of the Madras High Court

which has been quoted in the impugned order dated 03.03.2008 of

AAIFR is as under:-

"10. However, the crucial question that is to be decided in this case is whether as a result of the net worth of the respondent company i.e. DIL having turned positive as on 31.3.2007, the jurisdiction of the BIFR and the AAIFR under SICA ceases to exist. The Hon‟ble High Court of Judicature at Madras in W.P. No. 24422 of 2006 in the judgment dated 19.12.2007 in Dunlop India Limited Vs. Container Corporation of India has held as follows:

"17. When the accumulated losses exceed the share capital and revenue reserves based on the audited balance sheet as at 31st December, 1997, the matter was referred to BIFR under SICA, 1985 and was thus registered as a sick company. The audited balance sheet of the petitioner company as at 31/3/2007 shows a positive net-worth. The net worth of the petitioner company based on the audited Balance Sheet for the past ten years as furnished by the petitioner is as under:-

                     Financial     year     Accumulated         Net     worth
                    ended                  Profit/Loss         (Rs        in
                                           (Rs in crores)      crores)

                    31.12.1997             (135.81)            -(86.91)
                    31.03.1999             (235.03)            -(192.88)
                    31.03.2000             (296.06)            -(252.21)
                    31.03.2001             (385.44)            -(332.99)
                    31.03.2002             (474.01)            -(421.56)
                    31.03.2003             (513.24)            -(460.79)
                    31.03.2004             (477.22)            -(428.12)
                    31.03.2005             (482.68)            -(433.58)
                    31.03.2006             (410.80)            -(361.70)
                    31.03.2007             78.76               +242.65

18. Pursuant to financial restructuring, the petitioner transferred certain assets to its wholly owned 100% subsidiary companies, which in consideration of such transfer allotted fully paid- up equity shares to the petitioner. The surplus arising out of such transfer has inter alia set off the accumulated losses of the petitioner company. The waiver of liabilities arising out of one time settlement by banks and creditors, with necessary induction of funds by new promoters also contributed to the positive net worth. Disclosure to this effect has been made in the audited and published Balance Sheet of the petitioner as 31st March, 2007 which has been approved by the members of the company in the 80th Annual General Body Meeting held on 19th July, 2007.

19. As the net worth of the petitioner company has turned positive, it filed an application in BIFR Case No. 14 of 1998 on 23rd April, 2007 inter alia praying for an order directing deregistration of the case pending before the BIFR. The BIFR did not dispose of this matter even after lapse of 9 months. It is informed that there was a hearing before BIFR on 23rd July, 2007 but no order was passed by BIFR with regard to deregistration. Except recording the summary of the proceedings BIFR

maintained nothing happened. This was drawn to the attention of AAIFR but without any result.

20. From the above, it is evident that the petitioner ceases to be a sick company. The BIFR can not retain its jurisdiction over the petitioner company any further. As per Section 3(1)(o) of SICA, 1985, "Sick Industrial Company" means an industrial company (being a company registered for not less than five years) which has at the end of any financial year accumulated losses equal to or exceeding its entire net worth and net worth means the sum total of the paid up capital and free reserves. Section 17 of SICA, 1985 uses the following expressions:

Section 17(1) - "make its net worth exceed the accumulated losses"

Section 17(2) - "make its net worth exceed the accumulated losses"

Section 17(3) - "make its net worth exceed the accumulated losses"

21. From the audited balance sheet of the petitioner company as at 31st March, 2007, it is clear that the net worth has become positive as it had wiped out the entire accumulated losses. The statutory auditors have certified to that effect. The new entrepreneurs had brought in huge funds and running both the units at Bengal and Tamil Nadu. It has also paid of substantial loans and creditors. Thus the units have been revived.

22. There is no provision either in the Act - SICA, 1985 or in the BIFR Regulations, 1987 specifically providing for deregistration of a reference when the net worth becomes positive wiping out the accumulated losses. When the petitioner company has attained viability, there is no question of BIFR being concerned with the sick company any longer. The erstwhile sick company is not specifically required to make a formal application to the BIFR for withdrawing its jurisdiction when the company‟s net worth becomes positive. There is no express provision in the Act which indicates when the BIFR loses its jurisdiction with regard to a company which was once sick. The SICA, 1985 is all about making a sick company healthy and there are lot

of detailed provisions regarding the executive financial aspects of infusing such health into a sick company. But many legal aspects are left not provided for in the Act. One such important absence is a provision as to when the company is again free and the creditors as well as all other parties are again free to proceed against the company. When, however, obvious answers are not provided by obvious express words used by Parliament itself, the Courts fill up the gap. There is absolutely no doubt that once a company ceases to be a sick industrial company as defined by the SICA, 1985, all proceedings taken by the BIFR in relation to it must thereafter absolutely cease. The question crying loud for an answer it whether the BIFR can come to a conclusion as to the loss of its own jurisdiction in relation to any particular company which was once sick and has ceased, at least for the time being, to be sick any longer. In the absence of an express provision allowing a Tribunal to decide about its own jurisdiction, the age-old principle must be applied that an authority cannot aggregate jurisdiction to itself and accordingly it is incompetent to decide about its own jurisdiction. The Courts decide about their own jurisdiction because there is no other authority which can decide it for them, that is to say, which is at a level higher than these ordinary Courts, so as to liable to decide it for them.

23. The sickness or otherwise of an industrial company is to be decided ex facie on the basis of the audited Balance Sheet of the petitioner company showing positive net worth and other circumstances and when the net worth becomes positive BIFR ceases to have any jurisdiction. The petitioner Company has thus ceased to be a Sick Industrial Company within the meaning of Clause (o) of Sub-Section (1) of Section 3 of the Sick Industrial Companies (Special Provisions) Act, 1985 and BIFR ceases to have jurisdiction over Case being Case No. 14/1998."

9. The aforesaid decision of Madras High Court has not been

challenged by the petitioner. Following the decision of Madras High

Court, impugned order dated 03.03.2008 is passed by the AAIFR and

respondent no. 2 has been revived and has become healthy and has

come out of purview of BIFR. Learned counsel for respondent No.2

has informed that no other secured creditor or any worker/ shareholder

has challenged its revival and said position is not denied by learned

counsel for petitioner.

10. Keeping in mind the above background, the contentions of the

petitioner are being dealt herewith by us.

11. One of the contentions of the petitioner is that respondent No.2

has transferred some of its assets to its sister concern during the period

of sickness and by virtue of impugned order dated 03.03.2008 of

AAIFR, BIFR has no jurisdiction over respondent No.2, as such it has

materially affected the right of petitioner as petitioner cannot proceed

against those assets for its alleged dues. It may be noticed that the

petitioner is a secured creditor. It has come on record that for

advancing loan to respondent No.2, property of the respondent No.2 at

Malabar Hill, Flat No. 59 on 4th floor, Block No. 5 in Hill Park Estate,

Mumbai - 400006 has been mortgaged with the petitioner Bank. As

per counter-affidavit of the respondent No.2 on record, the value of

the flat is much more than the alleged dues. In view of above

position, the contention of the petitioner about sale of assets by the

respondent No.2 to its sister concern, which is based on observation of

BIFR in its order dated 23.07.2007 has no relevance for the disposal

of present petition inasmuch as the right/interest of petitioner is fully

protected with the mortgage of aforesaid flat with it. The petitioner‟s

position in relation to the loan advanced to Respondent No. 2 is the

same as it was prior to the Respondent No. 2 being declared a sick

company. The removal of the intervening impediment of sickness, in

fact, enures to the benefit of the petitioner. Further, petitioner never

raised any grievance about sale of assets by the respondent No.2 to its

sister concern before the BIFR or the AAIFR and is raising the same

for the first time at much belated stage when the same does not affect

the petitioner in any manner.

12. The other contention of the petitioner that due to respondent no.

2 being declared „sick industrial company‟, petitioner was prevented

for 10 years from initiating action for recovery of its alleged dues also

has no force. During the period of sickness of respondent No.2, the

petitioner was not prevented from filing O.A. for the recovery of its

dues as petitioner could have filed the same by taking permission

from the BIFR but no such steps were taken by the petitioner. Fault in

not initiating action for recovery lies with the petitioner. Respondent

No.2 cannot be held responsible for the same. It has also come on

record that the petitioner has already taken the benefit of impugned

order by filing O.A. for its alleged dues before the Debts Recovery

Tribunal at Calcutta and the said fact is not disclosed in the present

petition as the O.A. was filed on 17.04.2008, whereas the present

petition is filed in November, 2008. In fairness, the petitioner ought to

have disclosed the same. Further it has also been submitted by the

learned counsel for the petitioner that respondent No.2 has cleared the

dues of other financial institutions/banks, except the alleged dues of

petitioner, as it has refused to settle the matter with the respondent

company. Under these circumstances, it cannot be said that the rights

of the petitioner have been affected, in any manner, as is alleged. It

may also be mentioned that no other secured creditor or worker has

challenged the rehabilitation of the company. It is also not disputed

that the status of the petitioner qua respondent No.2 has rather

improved after its rehabilitation than it had when the company was

sick. The petitioner has failed to explain as to how the impugned

order dated 03.03.2008 of AAIFR has caused prejudice to it.

Petitioner has also failed to show as to how the issue of equity shares

of the face value of Rs. 10/- each worth Rs. 27 crores, at par, at rights

basis against payment of full consideration, which has been taken for

utilizing in the rehabilitation of the company, has prejudiced the

petitioner Bank in any manner.

13. During the course of arguments, learned counsel for the

petitioner has also relied upon Ram Janam Singh v. State of Uttar

Pradesh & Another, AIR (1994) SC 1722, wherein it is held that

parties whose rights have been affected can always approach the court

for appropriate remedies under law. However, petitioner has failed to

show as to how its rights to recover alleged dues from respondent

No.2 have been affected. The above judgment is of no help to

petitioner.

None of the contentions raised by the petitioner have any force

especially when petitioner has failed to show as to how its rights have

been adversely affected by the impugned order dated 03.03.2008.

14. It may be noted that there is also a delay in filing the present

petition. The impugned order is dated 03.03.2008 whereas the present

petition was filed in November, 2008. Petitioner has not explained

the said delay. Further petitioner has also concealed the fact of filing

of O.A. against respondent No.2 for recovery of its alleged dues

before Debts Recovery Tribunal, Calcutta, which is a material fact.

However, we are not dismissing the petition on the grounds of delay

and concealment alone.

15. In view of above discussion, we find no merits in the present

petition and the same stands dismissed.

VEENA BIRBAL, J

BADAR DURREZ AHMED, J OCTOBER 21, 2009 kks