Shyam Kumar Singh vs Union Of India
2021 Latest Caselaw 1503 Chatt

                                             1


                                                                             NAFR

                  HIGH COURT OF CHHATTISGARH AT BILASPUR

                                  WPS No. 1833 of 2020
     Shyam Kumar Singh, S/o Keshu Singh, Aged About 30 Years Posted As A
     Head Constable (G D) At Boriasamvay, C I S F Unit B S P Bhilai,
     (Suspended) District Durg, Chhattisgarh.
                                                                   ---- Petitioner
                                         Versus
     1.      Union Of India Through The Home Ministry, Jaisingh Marg,
             Hanuman Road Area, Cannought Place, New Delhi, Delhi.
     2.      Commandant, C I S F Unit B S P Bhilai, District Durg, Chhattisgarh.
                                                                 ----Respondents

     For Petitioner                           :     Mr. B.P. Singh, Advocate
     For Respondents                          :     Mr. Rajkumar Gupta, Advocate


                          Hon'ble Shri Justice P. Sam Koshy
                                   Order on Board

02/08/2021

1. Thought the matter was taken up for hearing on I.A. No.2 which is

an application for vacating stay of the interim order granted by this

Court on 19.03.2020, but with the consent of the parties the matter

was finally heard.

2. The whole dispute in the present writ petition revolves around the

initiation of the departmental enquiry against the petitioner for an

alleged act of being involved in a theft of copper wires from the

establishment of Bhilai Steel Plant, a subsidiary of the Steel

Authority of India. The petitioner in the present writ petition

presently under suspension was working as a Head Constable at

the Central Industrial Security Force (CISF) at Bhilai. He was

posted at the Bhilai Steel Plant at Bhilai, Durg.

3. The petitioner was implicated in a criminal case and an FIR lodged

on 19.01.2020 for the offence under Section 380 in respect of an

incident that took place on 28.12.2019. Subsequently, the petitioner

was arrested and was sent to jail. The Department meanwhile

issued a charge-sheet to the petitioner on 05.02.2020 alleging three

charges against the petitioner, which according to the respondents

would be act of unbecoming of a personnel under the CISF. Based

on the charge-sheet, the Department has taken a decision for

conducting a departmental enquiry against the petitioner.

4. It is here therefore that the petitioner had approached this Court by

way of the present writ petition. At the initial time the contention of

the petitioner was that since he has been falsely implicated and that

he is confined in jail, the initiation of the departmental enquiry by the

respondents would be an empty formality of conducting the inquiry,

where the petitioner would not get any opportunity of defence.

Accepting the said contention of the petitioner at that point of time,

the departmental enquiry proceedings were stayed considering the

fact that he was lodged in jail.

5. Now the petitioner has been released on bail. Today, when the

matter is taken up for consideration, the contention of the petitioner

is that the other ground for challenging the departmental enquiry is

that of large number of witnesses cited in the departmental enquiry

are the same, who are also witnesses in the criminal case and if

these common witnesses are made to give their evidence in the

departmental enquiry ahead of the criminal case and if the

departmental enquiry for the same reason and ground is permitted

to proceed further, the entire defence of the petitioner in the criminal

case would get disclosed and that would be both detrimental to his

interest and would also cause substantial prejudice.

6. The learned counsel for the petitioner relied upon the decision of

the Hon'ble Supreme Court in the case of "Stanzen Toyotetsu

India Private Limited v. Girish V. & Others" (2014) 3 SCC 636

and also the case of "State Bank of India & Others. v. Neelam

Nag and Others" (2016) 9 SCC 491 in support of his contention.

7. Per contra, the counsel appearing for the respondents submits that

now that the petitioner having been released on bail, he can fully

participate in the departmental enquiry and can take whatever

defence he intends to. The counsel appearing for the respondents

at the same time referring to the judgment of the Hon'ble Supreme

Court in the case of "Divisional Controller, Karnataka State Road

Transport Corporation v. M.G. Vittal Rao" (2012) 1 SCC 442

submitted that the law so far as simultaneous proceedings of

criminal case and departmental enquiry is by now well settled,

wherein the Hon'ble Supreme Court has repeatedly reiterated that

the departmental enquiry and the criminal case can go on

simultaneously, therefore under the circumstances, the

departmental enquiry in the instant case also does not need to be

stalled at this juncture. The contention of the respondent counsel is

that there is a possibility that the conclusion of the criminal case

may take long time, which may ultimately affect the departmental

enquiry and would also have an adverse impact so far as the

discipline in the Department is concerned.

8. From the contentions put forth by the counsel appearing on either

side what clearly reflects is that the allegations against the

petitioner both in the FIR lodged against him and also in the charge-

sheet that has been issued to him in the departmental enquiry, both

are in respect of the same alleged involvement of the petitioner in

the alleged act of theft along with other accused persons. The list of

witnesses cited in the two proceedings also would reveal that many

of the witnesses cited are common and these common witnesses

are the main witnesses for both the proceedings. Keeping this fact,

it would now be relevant to take note of the legal position as it

stands.

9. As regards, the law as laid down by the Hon'ble Supreme Court

which is, by now well settled proposition of law that there is no legal

bar for continuation of the two proceedings, one under the

departmental enquiry and other under the criminal trial. However,

the Hon'ble Supreme Court has repeatedly reiterated the fact that

even though there is no legal bar but in the event of the question of

facts and the nature of evidences to be adduced in the two

proceedings are the same. To avoid unnecessarily further

complications, the departmental enquiry should be deferred till the

conclusion of the criminal case.

10. In the instant case, if we look into the allegations leveled against the

petitioner in the criminal case and the charges leveled against the

petitioner in the disciplinary proceedings, it would clearly reflect that

the allegations are the same that are leveled in the criminal case as

well. Perusal of the documents enclosed along with the writ petition,

particularly the F.I.R. and the list of witnesses in support of the

prosecution before the trial Court and the list of witnesses enclosed

along with the departmental charge-sheet for the departmental

enquiry would show that most of witnesses are common in the two

proceedings.

11. As early as in the case of "Capt. M. Paul Anthony V. Bharat Gold

Mines Ltd. And Anr." (1999) 3 SCC 679 the Hon'ble Supreme

Court in paragraph 22 had laid down certain guidelines and where it

has been specifically held that in the event if the issue involves

complicated question of law and facts, if the evidences are similar, if

not identical, it would be desirable to stay the disciplinary

proceedings. For ready reference paragraph No. 22 of the said

judgment is reproduced hereinunder:-

"22. The conclusions which are deducible from various decisions of this Court referred to above are :

(i) Departmental proceedings and proceedings in a criminal case can proceed simultaneously as there is no bar in their being conducted simultaneously, though separately.

(ii) If the departmental proceedings and the criminal case are based on identical and similar set of facts and the charge in the criminal case against the delinquent employee is of a grave nature which involves complicated questions of law and fact, it would be desirable to stay the departmental proceedings till the conclusion of the criminal case.

(iii) Whether the nature of a charge in a criminal case is grave and whether complicated questions of fact and law are involved in that case, will depend upon the nature of offence, the nature of the case launched against the employee on the basis of evidence and material collected against him during investigation or as reflected in the charge sheet.

(iv) The factors mentioned at (ii) and (iii) above cannot be considered in isolation to stay the Departmental proceedings but due regard has to be given to the fact that the departmental proceedings cannot be unduly delayed.

(v) If the criminal case does not proceed or its disposal is being unduly delayed, the departmental proceedings, even if they were stayed on account of the pendency of the criminal case, can be resumed and proceeded with so as to conclude them at an

early date, so that if the employee is found not guilty his honour may be vindicated and in case he is found guilty, administration may get rid of him at the earliest."

12. A similar stand has again been taken by the Hon'ble Supreme Court

in the case of "Stanzen Toyotetsu India Private Limited vs.

Girish V. & Ors" (2014) 3 SCC 636 which has also been relied by

the Counsel for the petitioner. The aforesaid view of the Supreme

Court has further been reiterated again in the case of "State Bank

of India & Ors. vs. Neelam Nag and Others" (2016) 9 SCC 491.

In all these cases, the principle of law so far as stay of the

departmental enquiry, in the event of the nature of allegations and

the witnesses remained th same have not been diluted. The Courts

have very emphatically held 7 that for stay of the departmental

enquiry, there can be no straight jacket formula which can be spelt

out, it would all depend upon the facts of each case.

13. This Court also in a recent writ petition of similar nature has relied

upon the judgments of the Hon'ble Supreme Court in the case of

"Avinash Sadashiv Bhosle (Died) through LRs. vs. Union of

India" (2012) 13 SCC 142 wherein the Hon'ble Supreme Court

dealing with the similar set of facts and issues has categorically

held that the departmental proceedings can go on simultaneously to

the criminal trial except where both the proceedings are based on

the same set of facts and the evidences in preceding case are

common. The said principle of law has been re-iterated by the

Hon'ble Supreme Court in many other decisions previously and

subsequently in the case of "State Bank of India & Ors. vs.

Neelam Nag and Others" (2016) 9 SCC 491.

14. A fact which needs to be kept in mind or that needs to be

considered at this juncture is the set of witnesses cited by the

Department in the departmental enquiry and the list of witnesses in

the criminal case. A perusal of the two in the present case would

reveal that the list of witnesses and evidences are similar and the

nature of allegations in the criminal case as also in the charge-

sheet are also same. In again a recent decision the Hon'ble

Supreme Court in the case of "Shashi Bhushan Prasad vs.

Inspector General of C.I.S.F" in case no. C.A. No. 7130/2009,

decided on 01.08.2019 has categorically held that the two

proceedings can go simultaneously except where the witnesses

and the evidences are same which in the instant case appears to

be same.

15. Given the aforesaid facts and circumstances of the case and also

taking note of the judicial pronouncement as it stands, the present

writ petition if taken into consideration, it would reveal that for

proving the charges which have been leveled against the petitioner

in the departmental charge-sheet, the witnesses if not all, most of

them would be the same who are also the witnesses in the Criminal

Court.

16. Under the circumstances, if the witnesses are permitted to be

examined in the disciplinary proceedings before they are examined

in the criminal Court, there is all likelihood of the evidences of the

petitioner getting adversely affected. Since most of witnesses are

common in the two proceedings and in case if the witnesses who

are common before the two proceedings are examined in the

departmental enquiry ahead of their statements being recorded in

the criminal case, undoubtedly the defense of the present petitioner

(the accused in the criminal case) would get disclosed and can

have an adverse bearing in the criminal case detrimental to the

interest of the delinquent (the petitioner).

17. Therefore, in the light of the aforesaid legal position as it stands for,

this Court is of the opinion that in the present case also keeping in

view the judgment of the Hon'ble Supreme Court referred to in the

preceding paragraphs, since some of the witnesses in the two

proceedings are similar if not identical, in the interest of justice it

would be more appropriate, if the evidences in the departmental

enquiry is deferred till the evidences of witnesses in the criminal

case of those witnesses who have also been cited in the

departmental enquiry, are examined, which would include the

recording of the statement of the delinquent himself who should not

be compelled to depose in the departmental enquiry ahead of the

evidence in the criminal case is completed. It is ordered

accordingly.

18. For all the aforesaid reasons, this Court is of the firm view that in

the aforesaid legal position as it stands, the writ petition as of now

can be disposed of directing the respondent authorities to ensure

that the departmental enquiry initiated against the petitioner as of

now may be proceeded only with the witnesses who are not

common in the two proceedings i.e. in the departmental enquiry and

the criminal case. However as regards the witnesses who are

common in both the proceedings, their evidences which is to be

recorded in the departmental enquiry, shall be recorded only after

their evidence/statement is recorded in the criminal case, wherein

the petitioner is an accused for the offence under Section 380.

19. With the aforesaid observations, the present writ petition at this

juncture stands allowed and disposed of. The interim stay granted

by this Court on 19.03.2020 also stands vacated in the light of the

afore-made observations.

Sd/-

(P. Sam Koshy) Judge

Ved