Bombay High Court
Smt Khan S.Z. And Ors vs High Court Of Judicature Of Bombay ... on 17 January, 2025
Author: A. S. Chandurkar
Bench: A.S. Chandurkar
2025:BHC-AS:2636-DB
RAMESHWAR
LAXMAN 901-WP-3652-24-Judgment.doc Rameshwar Dilwale
DILWALE
IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT BOMBAY
Digitally signed by
RAMESHWAR CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION
LAXMAN DILWALE
Date: 2025.01.20
19:12:09 +0530 WRIT PETITION NO.3652 OF 2024
1. Smt. Khan S.Z. Age-56 }
th
5 Jt. Civil Judge Senior Division, Nagpur }
2. Mrs. Vidya G. Upadhye, Age-52 }
Judge, Small Causes Court, Mumbai }
3. Smt. Sarika Deepak Panjwani, Age-48 }
3rd Joint Civil Judge Senior Division, }
Aurangabad. }
4. Shri Anmol A. Dhumkekar, Age-55 }
th
6 Jt. Civil Judge Senior Division, Nagpur }
5. Shri Girish A. Deshpande, Age-55 }
th
5 Jt. Civil Judge Senior Division, Amravati }
6. M. A. Shilar, Age-51 }
Jt. Civil Judge Senior Division & Addl. }
Chief Judicial Magistrate, Kopargaon, }
Ahmednagar. }
7. Smt. J. S. Jagdale, Age-48 }
Civil Judge Senior Division & A.C.J.M. }
Ambajogai, Beed . }
8. Shri Mahavir M. Gadiya, Age-52 }
Civil Judge Senior Division, Nashik }
9. Shri S. D. Ghanwat, Age-48 }
Civil Judge Senior Division, Majalgaon, }
Beed. }
10. Shri Sachin Vitthal Deshmukh, Age-45 }
Judge, Small Causes Court, Mumbai. }
11. Shri S. B. Deore, Age-48 }
Jt. Civil Judge Senior Division,Kolhapur }
1/12
::: Uploaded on - 20/01/2025 ::: Downloaded on - 25/01/2025 07:24:05 :::
901-WP-3652-24-Judgment.doc Rameshwar Dilwale
12. Shri K. R. Singhel, Age-38 }
2nd Jt. Civil Judge Senior Division, }
Kolhapur. }
13. Smt. M. D. Kamble, Age-38 }
Judge, Small Causes Court, Mumbai }
14. Shri Bhagwan D. Pandit, Age-39 }
2nd Jt. Civil Judge Senior Division & }
A.C.J.M. Kopargaon, Ahmednagar. }
15. Shri Rajendra T. Ghogle, Age-45 }
6th Jt. Civil Judge Senior Division, }
Amravati. }
16. Shri Sunil D. Gawade, Age-45 }
43rd Court, Metropolitan Magistrate, }
Borivali, Mumbai. }
17. Shri Shyamkumar Anandrao Gawai, }
Age-42, Judge, Small Causes Court, }
Mumbai. }
18. Shri B. K. Gawande, Age-37 }
36th Court, Metropolitan Magistrate, }
Mumbai Central, Mumbai. }
19. Smt. Meghana A. Deshmukh, Age-38 }
7th Jt. Civil Judge Senior Division, }
Amravati. }
20. Smt. Smita S. Mane, Age-36 }
3rd Civil Judge Senior Division, }
Dharashive/Osmanabad. }
21. Shri Dhananjay Bhagwanrao Hambire, }
Age-39, Jt. Civil Judge Senior Division }
& Addl. Chief Judicial Magistrate, }
Buldhana. }
2/12
::: Uploaded on - 20/01/2025 ::: Downloaded on - 25/01/2025 07:24:05 :::
901-WP-3652-24-Judgment.doc Rameshwar Dilwale
22. Smt. Aarti Liladhar Saraf, Age-41 }
Jt. Civil Judge Senior Division & Addl. }
Chief Judicial Magistrate, Niphad, }
Nashik. }
23. Smt. Ujwala Sandip Babar, Age-38 }
2nd Jt. Civil Judge Senior Division, Satara }
24. Shri Udalak N. Patil, Age-39 }
Jt. Civil Judge Senior Division, Shahada }
25. Smt. Varsha R. Jambhule, Age-45 }
Jt. Civil Judge Senior Division, Darwha, }
Yavatmal. }
26. Shri Jitendrakumar Vasantrao Bhende, }
Age-41, 2nd Jt. Civil Judge Senior Division }
& Addl. Chief Judicial Magistrate Niphad, }
Nashik. }
27. Smt. Mangal Deepak Kashyap, Age-39 }
Civil Judge Senior Division & Addl. Chief }
Judicial Magistrate (At present working as }
labour judge 2nd Court, Pune). }
28. Shri Sujitkumar Taide, Age-38 }
44th Court, Metropolitan Magistrate, }
Andheri, Mumbai. }
29. Smt. Pratibha L. Gupta, Age-36 }
Jt. Civil Judge Senior Division, }
Kolhapur. }
30. Shri M. M. Varma, Age-35 }
Jt. Civil Judge Senior Division, }
Kolhapur. }
31. Shri P. R. Rane, Age-40 }
Jt. Civil Judge Senior Division, }
Kolhapur. }
3/12
::: Uploaded on - 20/01/2025 ::: Downloaded on - 25/01/2025 07:24:05 :::
901-WP-3652-24-Judgment.doc Rameshwar Dilwale
32. Shri P. M. Patil, Age-41 }
Jt. Civil Judge Senior Division, }
Kolhapur (At present posted as Secretary, }
District Legal Services Authority, Kolhapur) }
33. Smt. V. D. Bhosale, Age-39 }
Jt. Civil Judge Senior Division, Kolhapur } ..Petitioners
Versus
1. High Court of Judicature at Bombay }
Through the Registrar General, }
High Court of Judicature at Bombay, }
Fort, Mumbai-32. }
2. The Registrar General }
High Court of Judicature at Bombay, }
Fort, Mumbai-32. }
3. State of Maharashtra }
Through the Secretary }
Department of Law and Judiciary, }
Mantralaya, Mumbai-32. } .. Respondents
...
Ms. Pushpa Ganediwala with Mr. Ankit B. Rathod, Ms. Anshu Agrawal i/by
Mr. Chaitanya Purankar, Advocates for the Petitioners.
Dr. Milind Sathe, Senior Advocate with Mr. Rahul Nerlekar, Advocate for
the Respondent Nos.1 and 2.
Mr. Swapnil P. Kamble, Assistant Government Pleader for the Respondent-
State.
...
CORAM : A.S. CHANDURKAR &
RAJESH S. PATIL, JJ
Date on which the arguments concluded : 18th OCTOBER 2024
Date on which the judgment is pronounced : 17th JANUARY 2025
4/12
::: Uploaded on - 20/01/2025 ::: Downloaded on - 25/01/2025 07:24:05 :::
901-WP-3652-24-Judgment.doc Rameshwar Dilwale
ORAL JUDGMENT : (PER : A. S. CHANDURKAR, J)
1. Rule. Rule made returnable forthwith and heard learned counsel for
the parties.
2. The petitioners who are thirty-three Judicial Officers serving on the
post of "Civil Judge, Senior Division" at various Talukas / Districts in the
State of Maharashtra have raised a challenge to the communication dated
13th February 2024 issued on behalf of the 1st respondent to the respective
Principal District and Sessions Judges by which steps were taken to fill in
six posts of "District Judge" through accelerated promotion by conducting
a Limited Departmental Competitive Examination (LDCE). A challenge is
also raised to the communication dated 15th February 2024 issued on
behalf of the 1st respondent calling for judgments of eligible Judicial
Officers for filling in thirty-four posts of "District Judge" through regular
promotion. Various others ancillary reliefs have been sought by the
petitioners.
3. The principal contention raised by Ms. Pushpa Ganediwala, the
learned counsel appearing for the petitioners is that the willingness as
called from the concerned Judicial Officers for filling in 6 posts of "District
901-WP-3652-24-Judgment.doc Rameshwar Dilwale
Judge" through accelerated promotion is by erroneously calculating the
number of vacancies. Such willingness was called only from 267 Judicial
Officers ignoring the entitlement of the petitioners. Despite the fact that
the petitioners had completed service of five years as Senior Civil Judges,
their names were not included in the list of Judicial Officers from whom
the willingness was called. The selection of the cut off date for the
purposes of completion of a period of five years was arbitrarily chosen to
be 31st March 2023. Despite the fact that the selection of the petitioners
was made in the year 2017, on account of delay in issuing the posting
orders the petitioners had lost an opportunity to participate in the process
of promotion. This resulted in violation of the directions issued by the
Supreme Court in Malik Mazhar Sultan and another Vs. Uttar Pradesh
Public Service Commission and others, (2008) 17 SCC 703. It was further
submitted that the seniority of Judicial Officers at Serial Nos.252 to 257
was yet to be fixed. Yet the process of filling in the vacancies through
accelerated promotion was being undertaken on the basis of the
provisional seniority list. It was also urged that the selection process for
the year 2022 was clubbed with the selection process for 2023. As against
vacancies of 75 posts under the selection process of 2023, the zone of
consideration ought to have been five times the number of vacancies
which would have been 375. However only 267 Judicial Officers were
901-WP-3652-24-Judgment.doc Rameshwar Dilwale
being considered in that regard. It was thus submitted that the manner in
which the willingness of the concerned Judicial Officers had been called
for ignoring the entitlement of the petitioners, grave prejudice had been
caused to them. To substantiate her contentions, the learned counsel for
the petitioners relied upon the decisions in Ajit Singh and others Vs. State
of Punjab and others, (1999) 7 SCC 209, All India Judges' Association and
others Vs. Union of India and others, (2002) 4 SCC 247, R. K. Sabharwal
and others Vs. State of Punjab and others, (1995) 2 SCC 745, Salam
Samarjeet Singh Vs. The High Court of Manipur at Imphal & Anr., Writ
Petition (Civil) No.294/2015 decided on 22 nd August, 2024, Arti Kumari
Singh Vs. The Patna High Court and others, Civil Writ Jurisdiction Case
No.2345 of 2019 decided on 18th October 2019, Salam Samarjeet Singh
Vs. The High Court of Manipur at Imphal and others, Writ Petition (Civil)
No.294/2015 decided on 22nd August 2024 and Kanwaljit Singh Bajwa
and others Vs. State of Punjab and others, C.W.P. No.1056 of 2016 decided
on 3rd March 2017.
4. Dr. Milind Sathe, the learned Senior Advocate appearing for the
respondent nos.1 and 2 opposed the aforesaid submissions. According to
him, under Rule 5(b) of the Maharashtra Judicial Services Rules, 2008
( for short, 'Rules of 2008) 10 % of the posts of District Judges were
901-WP-3652-24-Judgment.doc Rameshwar Dilwale
required to be filled through accelerated promotion from amongst Senior
Civil Judges who had been officiating as such at least for a period of five
years. Since the selection process was of the year 2023, the cut off date
prescribed was 31st March 2023. It was denied that this date was
arbitrarily chosen. In fact the said cut off date was fixed in terms of the
judgment of the Supreme Court in Malik Mazhar Sultan and another
(supra). Choice of a cut off date was bound to result in some candidates
being found ineligible at that particular point of time. That alone could
not be the basis for holding the selection of the cut off date to be arbitrary.
Reliance was placed on the decision in Ramrao Vs. All India Backward
Class Bank Employees Welfare Association (2004) 2 SCC 76. It was then
submitted that none of the petitioners had completed five years of
officiation as Senior Civil Judges prior to 31st March 2023. Hence their
willingness was not called for by the first respondent. It was further
submitted that the undertaking of the selection process on the basis of the
provisional seniority list did not cause any prejudice to the petitioners as
they were not eligible to be considered as they had not rendered
officiating service of five years. Since the petitioners were not eligible in
terms of Rule 5(1) of the Rules of 2008, their willingness was not sought.
The other prayers as made by the petitioners were not liable to be granted.
901-WP-3652-24-Judgment.doc Rameshwar Dilwale
5. We have heard the learned counsel for the parties at length and
with their assistance, we have perused the documents on record. We have
also gone through the decisions relied upon by the learned counsel. The
principal grievance raised by the petitioners is with regard to their non-
consideration in the selection process for filling in 10% posts of District
Judges on the basis of merit through the LDCE from amongst Senior Civil
Judges. Rule (5)(b) in that regard is clear. The eligibility prescribed is the
requirement of a Senior Civil Judge having officiated on the said post for
at least five years. The record indicates that petitioner nos.1 to 29 were
appointed as Senior Civil Judges on 5 th May 2018, petitioner no.30 was
appointed on 1st December 2018, petitioner nos.31 and 32 were appointed
on 1st November 2019 and the petitioner no.33 was appointed on 9 th
December 2020. It is thus clear that as on 31 st March 2023 none of the
petitioners had completed five years of officiation as Senior Civil Judges
for being eligible to be considered for promotion.
6. As regards choice of the cut off date for consideration of the
eligibility under Rule 5(b), it can be seen that the Supreme Court in
paragraph 7 of its decision in Malik Mazhar Sultan and another (supra)
has stipulated 31st March as the date when number of vacancies are
required to be notified by the High Court for that particular year.
901-WP-3652-24-Judgment.doc Rameshwar Dilwale
According to the first respondent, it is on this basis that the cut off date of
31st March 2023 has been chosen while determining the number of
vacancies to be filled in that year. It therefore cannot be said that the
choice of the cut off date as 31st March 2023 is either arbitrary or
irrational as held in Ramrao (supra). It is not the case of the petitioners
that certain ineligible Senior Civil Judges had been included in the list of
candidates from whom willingness had been called and that the
petitioners had been discriminated. Perusal of the impugned
communications dated 13th February 2023 and 15th February 2024
indicate that such willingness have been called from 267 Senior Civil
Judges who have completed five years officiating service as on 31 st March
2023. We therefore find that there is no illegality committed in issuance of
the impugned communications dated 13 th February 2024 and 15th
February 2024.
7. We also do not find much substance in the contention that in the list
of 267 Senior Civil Judges, the seniority of Judges at Serial Nos.252 to 257
was not finalised as per the Rules and yet their names were included for
the purposes of seeking their willingness. Even if it is assumed that the
Senior Civil Judges at Serial Nos.252 to 257 were not found eligible to be
placed in the said list of Senior Civil Judges, this aspect would not come to
901-WP-3652-24-Judgment.doc Rameshwar Dilwale
the aid to the petitioners for the reason that the petitioners themselves
have not completed the minimum officiating service of five years as
required under Rule 5 (b) of the Rules of 2008. In fact, conduct of the
selection process on the basis of the provisional seniority list insofar as
these candidates are concerned does not in any manner make the
petitioners eligible to seek consideration. Nothing much would turn on
this aspect.
8. We also do not find any reason to hold that those Judicial Officers
who were in the zone of consideration in the selection process of the year
2022 were not entitled to be again considered in the selection process of
2023 as there is no such disqualification by which an eligible candidate
could be prevented from participating in the subsequent selection process.
The selection process for 2022 having been completed and the vacancies
remaining thereafter having been taken into consideration for the year
2023, all eligible Senior Civil Judges were entitled to participate in the
selection process subject to their eligibility.
9. The petitioners have sought further relief in the matter of applying
the roster at the ratio of 1:9 from Serial No.1 as shown in the Selection
Process, 2016. An alternate prayer is also made to apply the roster of 2:8
901-WP-3652-24-Judgment.doc Rameshwar Dilwale
with regard to the Common Gradation List. It is seen that the petitioners
have made a representation in April 2023 in that regard. The same would
first require consideration by the Registrar General of the High Court.
Since the objections in that regard have already been raised, it would be
appropriate to direct the first respondent through the Registrar General to
consider the said objections in the light of the existing Rules and decide
the same in accordance with law.
10. For aforesaid reasons, the challenge raised to the communications
dated 13th February 2024 and 15th February 2024 calling for willingness of
eligible Senior Civil Judges for filling in 6 and 34 post of District Judges
respectively cannot be upheld. The challenge to that extent thus fails. It is
however directed that the representation preferred in April 2023 with
regard to the preperation and operation of the Common Gradation List
shall be considered in accordance with law within a period of six weeks of
receiving copy of this judgment. The decision taken be communicated to
the parties who have made said representation. Rule is disposed of in
aforesaid terms with no order as to costs.
[ RAJESH S. PATIL, J. ] [ A.S. CHANDURKAR, J. ]
