Ajithkumar vs The Indusind Bank Limited

Citation : 2025 Latest Caselaw 1092 Ker
Judgement Date : 17 July, 2025

Kerala High Court

Ajithkumar vs The Indusind Bank Limited on 17 July, 2025

‭W.A.No‬‭.416 of 2025‬          ‭1‬            2025:KER:52629‬
                                               ‭


            IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM‬
            ‭

                              PRESENT‬
                              ‭

 THE HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE SUSHRUT ARVIND DHARMADHIKARI‬
 ‭

                                 &‬
                                 ‭

            THE HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE SYAM KUMAR V.M.‬
            ‭

                TH‬
                ‭
THURSDAY, THE 17‬
‭                   DAY OF JULY 2025 / 26TH ASHADHA,‬‭
                    ‭                                1947‬

                         WA NO. 416 OF 2025‬
                         ‭

            AGAINST THE JUDGMENT DATED 20.01.2025 IN WP(C)‬
            ‭

            NO.30007 OF 2024 OF HIGH COURT OF KERALA‬
            ‭

APPELLANT/PETITIONER:‬
‭

                ‭JITHKUMAR‬
                A
                AGED 49 YEARS‬
                ‭
                S/O STANLY, HAPPY BHAVAN, MULAYRA P. O., PEVADU‬
                ‭
                VELLANADU ROAD, KATTAKKARA, THIRUVANANTHAPURAM,‬
                ‭
                PIN - 695543‬
                ‭


                ‭Y ADVS.‬
                B
                SRI.JOMY K. JOSE‬
                ‭
                SHRI.MUHAMMED ANSHIF T.K.‬
                ‭



RESPONDENTS/RESPONDENTS 1 - 5:‬

‭ 1‬ ‭ ‭HE INDUSIND BANK LIMITED‬ T GOWRI NARAYAN, 40/8200 OPPOSITE JAYALAKSHMI‬ ‭ SILKS, M G ROAD, KOCHI REPRESENTED BY ITS GENERAL‬ ‭ MANAGER., PIN - 682035‬ ‭ 2‬ ‭ ‭HE INDUSIND BANK‬ T SHIVA SHAKTI TOWERS, SASTHAMANGALAM,‬ ‭ ‭W.A.No‬‭.416 of 2025‬ ‭2‬ 2025:KER:52629‬ ‭ ‭HIRUVANANTHAPURAM REPRESENTED BY ITS MANAGER,‬ T PIN - 695010‬ ‭ 3‬ ‭ ‭HE REGIONAL TRANSPORT OFFICER‬ T REGIONAL TRANSPORT OFFICE, NEYYATTINKARA,‬ ‭ THIRUVANANTHAPURAM, PIN - 695121‬ ‭ 4‬ ‭ ‭HE REGIONAL TRANSPORT OFFICER‬ T REGIONAL TRANSPORT OFFICE, NEDUMANGAD,‬ ‭ THIRUVANANTHAPURAM, PIN - 695541‬ ‭ 5‬ ‭ ‭HE REGIONAL TRANSPORT OFFICER‬ T REGIONAL TRANSPORT OFFICE, ATTINGAL,‬ ‭ THIRUVANANTHAPURAM, PIN - 695101‬ ‭ BY ADV SHRI.VARGHESE C.KURIAKOSE‬ ‭ ‭HIS‬ ‭ T WRIT‬ ‭ APPEAL‬ ‭ HAVING‬ ‭ BEEN‬ ‭FINALLY‬ ‭ HEARD‬ ‭ ON‬ 10.07.2025,‬ ‭ ‭ THE‬ ‭COURT‬ ‭ON‬ ‭ 17.07.2025‬ ‭DELIVERED‬ ‭ THE‬ FOLLOWING:‬ ‭ ‭W.A.No‬‭.416 of 2025‬ ‭3‬ 2025:KER:52629‬ ‭ ‭JUDGMENT‬ ‭Sushrut Arvind Dharmadhikari, J.‬ ‭Heard on the question of admission.‬ ‭2.‬ ‭The‬ ‭present‬ ‭intra-court‬ ‭appeal‬ ‭filed‬ ‭under‬ ‭Section‬ ‭5‬ ‭of‬ ‭the‬ ‭Kerala‬ ‭High‬ ‭Court‬ ‭Act,‬ ‭1958,‬ ‭assails‬ ‭the‬ ‭judgment‬ ‭dated‬ ‭20.01.2025‬ ‭passed‬ ‭in‬ ‭W.P(C)No.30007‬ ‭of‬ ‭2024,‬ ‭whereby‬ ‭the‬ ‭learned‬ ‭Single‬ ‭Judge‬ ‭has dismissed the writ petition.‬ ‭3.‬ ‭The‬ ‭learned‬ ‭counsel‬ ‭for‬ ‭the‬ ‭appellant‬ ‭submitted‬ ‭that‬ ‭appellant/petitioner‬ ‭had‬ ‭filed‬ ‭the‬ ‭writ‬ ‭petition‬ ‭seeking‬ ‭a‬ ‭direction‬ ‭to‬ ‭respondents‬ ‭1‬ ‭and‬ ‭2‬ ‭to‬ ‭issue‬ ‭the‬ ‭NOC‬ ‭and‬ ‭Form‬ ‭No.35‬ ‭of‬ ‭the‬ ‭closed‬ ‭loan‬‭accounts.‬‭The‬‭learned‬‭Single‬‭Judge‬‭without‬‭considering‬‭the‬‭legality‬ ‭involved‬ ‭in‬ ‭the‬ ‭writ‬ ‭petition,‬ ‭dismissed‬ ‭the‬ ‭same‬ ‭vide‬ ‭the‬ ‭impugned‬ ‭judgment dated 20.01.2025, which reads thus:‬ "‭ 5.‬ ‭On‬‭an‬‭evaluation‬‭of‬‭the‬‭materials‬‭on‬‭record,‬‭it‬‭is‬‭evident‬‭that‬ ‭there‬ ‭are‬ ‭disputed‬ ‭questions‬‭of‬‭facts‬‭between‬‭the‬‭petitioner‬‭and‬ ‭the‬‭respondents‬‭1‬‭and‬‭2.‬‭The‬‭petitioner's‬‭contention‬‭is‬‭that‬‭there‬ ‭are‬‭no‬‭dues‬‭payable‬‭to‬‭the‬‭respondents‬‭1‬‭and‬‭2.‬‭On‬‭the‬‭contrary,‬ ‭the‬ ‭respondents‬ ‭1‬ ‭and‬ ‭2‬ ‭stated‬ ‭that‬ ‭there‬ ‭are‬ ‭dues‬ ‭payable‬‭by‬ ‭the‬ ‭petitioner.‬ ‭Indisputably,‬ ‭the‬ ‭respondents‬ ‭1‬ ‭and‬ ‭2‬ ‭private‬ ‭banks‬ ‭and‬ ‭are‬ ‭not‬ ‭instrumentalities‬ ‭of‬ ‭the‬ ‭State.‬ ‭There‬ ‭is‬ ‭no‬ ‭public‬ ‭duty‬ ‭cast‬ ‭upon‬ ‭them‬ ‭to‬ ‭issue‬ ‭the‬ ‭NOC.‬ ‭The‬ ‭transaction‬ ‭between‬‭the‬‭petitioner‬‭and‬‭the‬‭respondents‬‭1‬‭and‬‭2‬‭is‬‭contractual‬ ‭in‬ ‭nature,‬ ‭which‬ ‭falls‬ ‭within‬ ‭the‬ ‭realm‬ ‭of‬ ‭private‬ ‭law‬ ‭remedy.‬ ‭Therefore, I am not inclined to entertain the writ petition.‬ ‭W.A.No‬‭.416 of 2025‬ ‭4‬ 2025:KER:52629‬ ‭ I‭n‬ ‭the‬ ‭result,‬ ‭the‬ ‭writ‬ ‭petition‬ ‭is‬ ‭dismissed,‬ ‭without‬ ‭prejudice‬ ‭to‬ ‭the‬‭right‬‭of‬‭the‬‭petitioner‬‭to‬‭work‬‭out‬‭his‬‭remedies‬‭in‬‭accordance‬ ‭with the law."‬ ‭4.‬ ‭Heard‬ ‭the‬ ‭learned‬ ‭counsel‬ ‭appearing‬ ‭for‬ ‭the‬ ‭appellant‬ ‭and‬ ‭perused the records.‬ ‭5.‬ ‭The‬ ‭Apex‬ ‭Court‬ ‭in‬ ‭the‬ ‭case‬ ‭of‬ ‭Federal‬ ‭Bank‬ ‭Ltd.‬ ‭v.‬ ‭Sagar‬ ‭Thomas‬ ‭and‬ ‭others‬ ‭reported‬ ‭in‬ ‭(2003)‬ ‭10‬ ‭SCC‬ ‭733‬ ‭has‬ ‭held‬ ‭that,‬ ‭private‬ ‭companies,‬ ‭including‬ ‭private‬ ‭banks,‬ ‭would‬ ‭normally‬ ‭not‬ ‭be‬ ‭amenable‬ ‭to‬ ‭the‬ ‭writ‬ ‭jurisdiction‬ ‭under‬ ‭Article‬ ‭226‬ ‭of‬ ‭the‬ ‭Constitution‬‭of‬ ‭India.‬ ‭However,‬ ‭there‬ ‭are‬ ‭certain‬ ‭circumstances‬ ‭where‬ ‭a‬ ‭writ‬ ‭may‬ ‭be‬ ‭issued‬ ‭to‬ ‭private‬ ‭bodies‬ ‭or‬ ‭persons‬ ‭if‬ ‭there‬ ‭are‬‭statutes‬‭that‬‭need‬‭to‬‭be‬ ‭complied‬ ‭with‬ ‭by‬‭all‬‭concerned,‬‭including‬‭private‬‭companies.‬‭It‬‭is‬‭further‬ ‭held‬ ‭that‬ ‭merely‬ ‭because‬ ‭the‬ ‭Reserve‬ ‭Bank‬ ‭of‬ ‭India‬ ‭has‬ ‭laid‬ ‭down‬ ‭the‬ ‭banking‬‭policy‬‭in‬‭the‬‭interest‬‭of‬‭the‬‭banking‬‭system‬‭and‬‭in‬‭the‬‭interest‬‭of‬ ‭monetary‬ ‭stability‬ ‭or‬ ‭sound‬ ‭economic‬ ‭growth‬ ‭having‬ ‭due‬ ‭regard‬ ‭to‬ ‭the‬ ‭interests‬ ‭of‬ ‭the‬ ‭depositors,‬ ‭that‬ ‭does‬ ‭not‬ ‭mean‬ ‭that‬ ‭the‬ ‭private‬ ‭companies‬ ‭carrying‬ ‭on‬ ‭the‬ ‭business‬ ‭or‬ ‭commercial‬ ‭activity‬ ‭of‬ ‭banking,‬ ‭discharge any public function or public duty.‬ ‭6.‬ ‭Division‬ ‭Bench‬ ‭of‬ ‭this‬ ‭Court‬ ‭in‬ ‭Mathew‬ ‭Ignitious‬ ‭V.‬ ‭The‬ ‭Catholic‬‭Syrian‬‭Bank‬‭(2019‬‭(5)‬‭KHC‬‭835),‬‭has‬‭categorically‬‭held‬‭that‬‭a‬ ‭scheduled‬ ‭bank‬ ‭registered‬ ‭as‬ ‭a‬ ‭company‬ ‭under‬ ‭the‬ ‭Companies‬ ‭Act‬ ‭do‬ ‭W.A.No‬‭.416 of 2025‬ ‭5‬ 2025:KER:52629‬ ‭ ‭not‬‭fall‬‭within‬‭the‬‭purview‬‭of‬‭'State'‬‭or‬‭other‬‭authorities‬‭under‬‭Article‬‭12‬‭of‬ ‭the‬ ‭Constitution‬ ‭of‬ ‭India.‬ ‭Therefore,‬ ‭such‬ ‭a‬‭bank‬‭is‬‭not‬‭amenable‬‭to‬‭the‬ ‭jurisdiction under Article 226 of the Constitution of India.‬ ‭7.‬‭Admittedly‬‭in‬‭the‬‭present‬‭case,‬‭respondents‬‭1‬‭and‬‭2‬‭-‬‭Bank‬‭is‬‭a‬ ‭private‬ ‭commercial‬ ‭Bank,‬ ‭therefore,‬ ‭the‬ ‭same‬ ‭is‬ ‭not‬ ‭amenable‬ ‭to‬ ‭writ‬ ‭jurisdiction‬ ‭under‬ ‭Article‬ ‭226‬ ‭of‬ ‭the‬ ‭Constitution‬ ‭of‬ ‭India.‬ ‭The‬ ‭learned‬ ‭Single‬ ‭Judge‬ ‭has‬ ‭not‬ ‭committed‬ ‭any‬ ‭error‬‭in‬‭dismissing‬‭the‬‭writ‬‭petition‬ ‭and‬‭holding‬‭that‬‭private‬‭banks‬‭are‬‭not‬‭instrumentalities‬‭of‬‭the‬‭'State'‬‭and‬ ‭there‬ ‭is‬ ‭no‬ ‭public‬ ‭duty‬ ‭cast‬ ‭upon‬ ‭them‬ ‭to‬ ‭issue‬ ‭the‬ ‭NOC‬ ‭and‬ ‭that‬ ‭the‬ ‭transaction‬‭between‬‭the‬‭appellant‬‭and‬‭respondents‬‭1‬‭and‬‭2‬‭is‬‭contractual‬ ‭in nature, which falls within the realm of private law remedy.‬ ‭Accordingly,‬ ‭we‬ ‭refrain‬ ‭from‬ ‭entertaining‬ ‭the‬ ‭writ‬ ‭appeal,‬ ‭and‬ ‭the‬ ‭same is hereby dismissed at the admission stage itself.‬ ‭Sd/-‬ SUSHRUT ARVIND DHARMADHIKARI‬ ‭ JUDGE‬ ‭ Sd/-‬ ‭ SYAM KUMAR V.M.‬ ‭ JUDGE‬ ‭ MC/11.7‬ ‭