Indian Oil Corporation Ltd vs Niyas Manath Ismail

Citation : 2025 Latest Caselaw 2182 Ker
Judgement Date : 4 August, 2025

Kerala High Court

Indian Oil Corporation Ltd vs Niyas Manath Ismail on 4 August, 2025

‭W.A.No‬‭s.615 of 2025‬            ‭1‬        2025:KER:57311‬
                                              ‭



               IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA‬‭
               ‭                           AT ERNAKULAM‬
                                 PRESENT‬
                                 ‭
   THE HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE SUSHRUT ARVIND DHARMADHIKARI‬
   ‭

                                         &‬
                                         ‭

            THE HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE SYAM KUMAR V.M.‬
            ‭

                TH‬
                ‭
   MONDAY, THE 4‬
   ‭                DAY OF AUGUST 2025 / 13TH SRAVANA,‬‭
                    ‭                                  1947‬

                            WA NO. 615 OF 2025‬
                            ‭

              AGAINST THE JUDGMENT DATED 04.12.2024 IN WP(C)‬
              ‭

              NO.22404 OF 2022 OF HIGH COURT OF KERALA‬
              ‭

APPELLANTS/RESPONDENTS 1 AND 2 IN WP(C):‬

‭ 1‬ ‭ ‭NDIAN OIL CORPORATION LTD.‬ I REPRESENTED BY ITS CHAIRMAN, INDIAN OIL BHAVAN,‬ ‭ G- 9, ALI YAVAR, JUNG MARG, BANDRA (EAST), MUMBAI,‬ ‭ MAHARASHTRA, PIN - 400051‬ ‭ 2‬ ‭ ‭HE DEPUTY GENERAL MANAGER (RS)‬ T INDIAN OIL CORPORATION LTD., COCHIN DIVISIONAL‬ ‭ OFFICE, PANAMPALLY AVENUE, PANAMPALLY NAGAR P.O.,‬ ‭ ERNAKULAM, KOCHI, PIN - 682036‬ ‭ ‭Y ADV DR.THUSHARA JAMES‬ B SRI.K.GOPALAKRISHNA KURUP (SR)‬ ‭ RESPONDENTS/PETITIONER IN WP(C):‬ ‭ ‭IYAS MANATH ISMAIL‬ N AGED 46 YEARS, S/O. M.M.ISMAIL, MANATH‬ ‭ PAZHAYAPURAYIL, KAKKANAD P.O., ERNAKULAM,‬ ‭ PIN - 682030‬ ‭ BY ADVS.‬ ‭ ‭W.A.No‬‭s.615 of 2025‬ ‭2‬ 2025:KER:57311‬ ‭ ‭RI.SABU GEORGE‬ S SRI.P.B.SUBRAMANYAN‬ ‭ SRI.MANU VYASAN PETER‬ ‭ SRI.S.V.BALAKRISHNA IYER (SR)‬ ‭ ‭HIS WRIT APPEAL HAVING BEEN FINALLY HEARD ON 16.07.2025,‬ T THE COURT ON 04.8.2025 DELIVERED THE FOLLOWING:‬ ‭ ‭W.A.No‬‭s.615 of 2025‬ ‭3‬ 2025:KER:57311‬ ‭ ‭JUDGMENT‬ ‭Sushrut Arvind Dharmadhikari, J.‬ ‭Heard finally with the consent of both the parties.‬ ‭2.‬‭This‬‭intra-court‬‭appeal‬‭under‬‭Section‬‭5‬‭of‬‭the‬‭Kerala‬‭High‬‭Court‬ ‭Act,‬ ‭1958,‬ ‭assails‬ ‭the‬ ‭judgments‬ ‭dated‬ ‭04.12.2024‬ ‭passed‬ ‭in‬ ‭W.P(C)No.22404‬‭of‬‭2022‬‭whereby‬‭the‬‭learned‬‭Single‬‭Judge‬‭has‬‭allowed‬ ‭the writ petition.‬ ‭3.‬‭The‬‭respondent‬‭has‬‭filed‬‭W.P(C)No.22404‬‭of‬‭2022‬‭concerning‬‭a‬ ‭retail‬‭outlet‬‭of‬‭Indian‬‭Oil‬‭Corporation‬‭Ltd.,‬‭located‬‭on‬‭property‬‭leased‬‭out‬ ‭by‬ ‭him.‬ ‭The‬ ‭respondent‬ ‭is‬ ‭the‬ ‭owner‬ ‭of‬ ‭about‬ ‭60‬ ‭cents‬ ‭of‬ ‭land‬ ‭in‬ ‭Re-Survey‬ ‭No.560/2,‬ ‭560/10‬ ‭and‬ ‭560/11‬ ‭of‬ ‭Vazhakkala‬ ‭Village‬ ‭in‬ ‭Ernakulam‬‭District.‬‭The‬‭term‬‭of‬‭the‬‭lease‬‭was‬‭for‬‭15‬‭years‬‭from‬‭the‬‭date‬ ‭of‬ ‭commencement‬ ‭of‬‭activities‬‭of‬‭storage/sale‬‭of‬‭petroleum‬‭products;‬‭ie,‬ ‭from‬ ‭21.03.2003.‬ ‭The‬ ‭outlet‬ ‭was‬ ‭established‬ ‭in‬ ‭the‬ ‭afore‬ ‭property‬ ‭by‬ ‭M/s.IBP‬ ‭Company‬ ‭Pvt.‬ ‭Ltd.‬ ‭The‬ ‭appellants‬ ‭had‬ ‭issued‬ ‭a‬ ‭letter‬ ‭dated‬ ‭23.05.2017‬ ‭to‬ ‭the‬ ‭respondent‬ ‭expressing‬ ‭their‬ ‭intention‬ ‭to‬ ‭renew‬ ‭the‬ ‭lease‬ ‭deed.‬ ‭In‬ ‭reply,‬ ‭the‬ ‭respondent's‬ ‭mother‬ ‭had‬ ‭informed‬ ‭the‬ ‭appellants‬ ‭that‬ ‭she‬‭is‬‭willing‬‭to‬‭renew‬‭the‬‭lease‬‭deed‬‭with‬‭enhancement‬ ‭of‬ ‭the‬ ‭rent.‬ ‭Since‬ ‭both‬ ‭the‬ ‭parties‬ ‭were‬ ‭unable‬ ‭to‬ ‭agree‬ ‭with‬ ‭the‬ ‭terms‬ ‭and‬ ‭conditions‬ ‭for‬ ‭the‬ ‭renewal,‬ ‭the‬‭respondent‬‭has‬‭filed‬‭the‬‭writ‬‭petition‬ ‭W.A.No‬‭s.615 of 2025‬ ‭4‬ 2025:KER:57311‬ ‭ ‭seeking‬ ‭direction‬ ‭to‬ ‭quit,‬ ‭vacate‬ ‭and‬ ‭deliver‬ ‭quiet‬ ‭and‬ ‭peaceful‬ ‭possession of the premises covered by Ext.P1 lease deed.‬ ‭4.‬ ‭The‬ ‭learned‬ ‭senior‬ ‭counsel‬ ‭appearing‬ ‭for‬ ‭the‬ ‭appellants‬ ‭contended‬ ‭that‬ ‭the‬ ‭respondent‬ ‭never‬ ‭sought‬ ‭eviction‬ ‭of‬ ‭the‬ ‭appellants‬ ‭from‬ ‭the‬ ‭retail‬ ‭outlet‬ ‭after‬ ‭expiry‬ ‭of‬ ‭the‬ ‭lease‬ ‭deed‬ ‭and‬ ‭the‬ ‭appellants‬ ‭were‬‭never‬‭declared‬‭as‬‭trespassers‬‭by‬‭competent‬‭Civil‬‭Court,‬‭since‬‭they‬ ‭continue‬ ‭to‬ ‭pay‬ ‭rent‬ ‭in‬ ‭respect‬ ‭of‬ ‭the‬ ‭premises‬ ‭with‬ ‭the‬ ‭consent‬ ‭of‬ ‭the‬ ‭respondent.‬ ‭The‬ ‭learned‬ ‭Single‬ ‭Judge‬ ‭did‬ ‭not‬ ‭consider‬‭the‬‭fact‬‭that‬‭the‬ ‭"petroleum‬ ‭and‬ ‭petroleum‬ ‭products"‬ ‭are‬ ‭essential‬ ‭commodities‬ ‭as‬ ‭per‬ ‭Entry‬ ‭5‬ ‭of‬ ‭the‬ ‭Schedule‬ ‭appended‬ ‭in‬ ‭the‬ ‭Essential‬ ‭Commodities‬ ‭Act,‬ ‭1955‬‭and‬‭therefore,‬‭the‬‭judgment‬‭passed‬‭by‬‭the‬‭learned‬‭Single‬‭Judge‬‭is‬ ‭bad in law.‬ ‭5.‬ ‭The‬ ‭learned‬ ‭counsel‬ ‭for‬ ‭the‬ ‭appellants‬ ‭also‬ ‭submitted‬ ‭that‬ ‭the‬ ‭major‬ ‭aspect‬ ‭which‬ ‭was‬ ‭not‬ ‭considered‬ ‭by‬ ‭the‬ ‭learned‬ ‭Single‬ ‭Judge‬ ‭is‬ ‭that‬ ‭according‬ ‭to‬ ‭the‬ ‭Transfer‬ ‭of‬ ‭Property‬‭Act,‬‭1882,‬‭it‬‭lays‬‭down‬‭how‬‭a‬ ‭tenant‬ ‭can‬ ‭be‬ ‭dispossessed.‬ ‭For‬ ‭dispossession‬ ‭from‬ ‭the‬ ‭retail‬ ‭outlet‬ ‭land,‬‭the‬‭proper‬‭course‬‭is‬‭to‬‭approach‬‭the‬‭first‬‭court‬‭of‬‭reference‬‭by‬‭filing‬ ‭a‬ ‭suit‬ ‭for‬ ‭eviction‬ ‭or‬ ‭by‬ ‭following‬ ‭the‬ ‭due‬ ‭process‬ ‭of‬ ‭law,‬ ‭rather‬ ‭than‬ ‭invoking‬‭the‬‭jurisdiction‬‭of‬‭this‬‭Court‬‭under‬‭Article‬‭226‬‭of‬‭the‬‭Constitution‬ ‭W.A.No‬‭s.615 of 2025‬ ‭5‬ 2025:KER:57311‬ ‭ ‭of‬ ‭India.‬ ‭On‬‭these‬‭grounds,‬‭the‬‭learned‬‭counsel‬‭for‬‭the‬‭appellants‬‭prays‬ ‭for setting aside the judgment passed by the learned Single Judge.‬ ‭6.‬ ‭Per‬ ‭contra,‬ ‭the‬ ‭learned‬ ‭counsel‬ ‭appearing‬ ‭for‬ ‭the‬ ‭respondent‬ ‭vehemently‬ ‭opposed‬ ‭the‬ ‭afore‬ ‭prayer‬‭and‬‭submitted‬‭that‬‭the‬‭appellant‬‭-‬ ‭Corporation‬ ‭cannot‬ ‭compel‬ ‭the‬ ‭respondent‬ ‭to‬‭renew‬‭the‬‭lease,‬‭since‬‭as‬ ‭per‬‭the‬‭lease‬‭deed,‬‭the‬‭same‬‭was‬‭only‬‭for‬‭15‬‭years‬‭and‬‭it‬‭expired‬‭in‬‭the‬ ‭year‬ ‭2018.‬ ‭Thereafter‬ ‭there‬ ‭was‬ ‭no‬ ‭renewal‬ ‭of‬ ‭the‬ ‭lease.‬ ‭The‬ ‭rent‬ ‭has‬ ‭also‬ ‭increased‬ ‭considerably‬ ‭in‬ ‭that‬ ‭area‬ ‭and‬ ‭that‬ ‭the‬ ‭appellant‬ ‭Corporation‬‭is‬‭not‬‭paying‬‭the‬‭rent‬‭as‬‭per‬‭the‬‭market‬‭rate.‬‭Moreover,‬‭there‬ ‭is‬ ‭great‬ ‭need‬ ‭for‬ ‭the‬ ‭property‬ ‭to‬ ‭be‬ ‭utilized‬ ‭for‬ ‭their‬ ‭own‬ ‭purpose.‬ ‭The‬ ‭learned‬ ‭Single‬ ‭Judge‬ ‭has‬ ‭considered‬ ‭each‬ ‭and‬ ‭every‬ ‭aspect‬ ‭of‬ ‭the‬ ‭matter‬ ‭and‬ ‭passed‬ ‭a‬ ‭very‬ ‭detailed‬ ‭judgment.‬ ‭The‬ ‭learned‬ ‭Single‬‭Judge‬ ‭also‬ ‭considered‬ ‭whether‬ ‭issuing‬ ‭a‬ ‭writ‬ ‭of‬ ‭mandamus‬ ‭directing‬ ‭the‬ ‭appellants‬ ‭to‬ ‭vacate‬ ‭the‬ ‭premises‬ ‭was‬ ‭proper‬ ‭in‬ ‭the‬ ‭exercise‬ ‭of‬ ‭jurisdiction under Article 226 of the Constitution of India.‬ ‭7.‬ ‭The‬ ‭learned‬ ‭counsel‬ ‭appearing‬ ‭for‬ ‭the‬ ‭respondent‬ ‭submitted‬ ‭that‬ ‭the‬ ‭Apex‬ ‭Court,‬ ‭in‬ ‭National‬ ‭Company‬ ‭v.‬ ‭Bharat‬ ‭Petroleum‬ ‭Corporation‬ ‭Limited‬ ‭[2021‬ ‭(6)‬ ‭KLT‬ ‭OnLine‬ ‭1139],‬ ‭had‬ ‭considered‬ ‭the‬ ‭very‬ ‭same‬ ‭question‬ ‭with‬ ‭specific‬ ‭reference‬ ‭to‬ ‭a‬ ‭property‬ ‭held‬ ‭by‬ ‭BPCL‬ ‭(another‬ ‭petroleum‬ ‭company),‬ ‭and‬ ‭had‬ ‭reversed‬ ‭the‬ ‭finding‬ ‭of‬ ‭the‬ ‭W.A.No‬‭s.615 of 2025‬ ‭6‬ 2025:KER:57311‬ ‭ ‭Madras‬‭High‬‭Court,‬‭where‬‭the‬‭Division‬‭Bench‬‭had‬‭held‬‭that‬‭a‬‭direction‬‭to‬ ‭vacate‬ ‭the‬ ‭premises‬ ‭could‬ ‭not‬ ‭be‬ ‭granted‬ ‭under‬ ‭Article‬ ‭226‬ ‭of‬ ‭the‬ ‭Constitution‬‭of‬‭India.‬‭The‬‭Apex‬‭Court‬‭in‬‭appeal‬‭found‬‭that‬‭the‬‭petitioners‬ ‭were‬‭entitled‬‭to‬‭invoke‬‭the‬‭writ‬‭jurisdiction‬‭of‬‭this‬‭Court‬‭under‬‭Article‬‭226‬ ‭of‬ ‭the‬ ‭Constitution‬ ‭of‬‭India‬‭wherein‬‭direction‬‭to‬‭vacate‬‭the‬‭premises‬‭can‬ ‭be issued.‬ ‭8.‬‭Heard‬‭the‬‭learned‬‭counsel‬‭appearing‬‭for‬‭the‬‭appellants‬‭and‬‭the‬ ‭learned counsel appearing for the respondent and perused the records.‬ ‭9.‬ ‭In‬ ‭W.P(C)No.39962‬ ‭of‬ ‭2017‬ ‭and‬ ‭connected‬ ‭cases,‬ ‭the‬ ‭learned‬ ‭Single‬ ‭Judge‬ ‭has‬ ‭decided‬ ‭on‬ ‭a‬ ‭similar‬ ‭issue‬ ‭and‬ ‭passed‬ ‭a‬ ‭judgment‬ ‭dated‬ ‭04.12.2024.‬ ‭We‬ ‭find‬ ‭that‬ ‭the‬ ‭judgment‬ ‭passed‬ ‭by‬ ‭the‬ ‭learned‬ ‭Single‬ ‭Judge‬ ‭has‬ ‭considered‬ ‭every‬ ‭aspect‬‭of‬‭the‬‭matter.‬‭Relying‬‭on‬‭the‬ ‭decisions‬ ‭of‬ ‭the‬ ‭Apex‬ ‭Court,‬ ‭the‬ ‭learned‬ ‭Single‬ ‭Judge‬ ‭has‬ ‭allowed‬ ‭the‬ ‭writ petition.‬ ‭10.‬ ‭On‬ ‭perusal‬ ‭of‬ ‭the‬ ‭operative‬ ‭portion‬ ‭of‬ ‭the‬ ‭judgment‬ ‭in‬ ‭W.P(C)No.39962‬‭of‬‭2017,‬‭it‬‭is‬‭clear‬‭that‬‭the‬‭Apex‬‭Court‬‭has‬‭held‬‭that‬‭writ‬ ‭of‬ ‭mandamus‬ ‭can‬ ‭be‬ ‭issued‬ ‭directing‬ ‭the‬ ‭appellants‬ ‭to‬ ‭vacate‬ ‭and‬ ‭deliver‬‭quiet‬‭and‬‭peaceful‬‭possession‬‭of‬‭the‬‭premises.‬‭Accordingly‬‭we‬‭do‬ ‭not‬ ‭find‬ ‭any‬ ‭error‬ ‭in‬ ‭the‬ ‭judgment‬ ‭passed‬ ‭by‬ ‭the‬ ‭learned‬ ‭Single‬ ‭Judge.‬ ‭W.A.No‬‭s.615 of 2025‬ ‭7‬ 2025:KER:57311‬ ‭ ‭The‬ ‭present‬ ‭writ‬ ‭appeal‬ ‭being‬ ‭bereft‬ ‭of‬ ‭merit‬ ‭and‬ ‭substance,‬ ‭is‬ ‭hereby‬ ‭dismissed. No order as to costs.‬ ‭11.‬‭However,‬‭looking‬‭into‬‭the‬‭fact‬‭that‬‭the‬‭appellants‬‭herein‬‭are‬‭still‬ ‭in‬ ‭possession‬ ‭of‬ ‭the‬ ‭premises‬ ‭covered‬ ‭by‬ ‭Ext.P1‬ ‭lease‬ ‭deed,‬ ‭they‬ ‭are‬ ‭directed‬ ‭to‬ ‭vacate‬ ‭and‬ ‭deliver‬ ‭quiet‬ ‭and‬ ‭peaceful‬ ‭possession‬ ‭of‬ ‭the‬ ‭premises‬‭covered‬‭by‬‭Ext.P1‬‭lease‬‭deed‬‭to‬‭the‬‭respondent‬‭within‬‭a‬‭period‬ ‭of‬‭two‬‭months‬‭from‬‭today‬‭or‬‭in‬‭the‬‭alternate,‬‭if‬‭the‬‭respondent‬‭agrees‬‭to‬ ‭the‬ ‭negotiated‬ ‭lease‬ ‭deed‬ ‭rate‬ ‭and‬ ‭has‬ ‭expressed‬ ‭willingness‬ ‭to‬ ‭enter‬ ‭into‬ ‭a‬ ‭lease‬ ‭agreement‬ ‭with‬ ‭the‬ ‭appellants,‬ ‭the‬ ‭appellants‬ ‭would‬ ‭be‬ ‭at‬ ‭liberty‬‭to‬‭enter‬‭into‬‭an‬‭agreement‬‭with‬‭the‬‭respondent‬‭to‬‭renew‬‭the‬‭lease‬ ‭deed.‬ Sd/-‬ ‭ SUSHRUT ARVIND DHARMADHIKARI‬ ‭ JUDGE‬ ‭ ‭ d/-‬ S SYAM KUMAR V.M.‬ ‭ JUDGE‬ ‭ MC/31.7‬ ‭