Sri V Nanda Kumar vs The Assistant Commissioner

Citation : 2025 Latest Caselaw 9937 Kant
Judgement Date : 7 November, 2025

Karnataka High Court

Sri V Nanda Kumar vs The Assistant Commissioner on 7 November, 2025

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                           IN THE HIGH COURT OF KARNATAKA AT BENGALURU

                               DATED THIS THE 07TH DAY OF NOVEMBER, 2025

                                                BEFORE
                                THE HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE E.S.INDIRESH
                             WRIT PETITION NO.11770 OF 2021 (GM-RES)

                      BETWEEN:

                      1.     SRI. V. NANDA KUMAR
                             S/O B.N. VENKATESHAIAH,
                             AGED ABOUT 34 YEARS.

                      2.     SMT. KAVYA SHREE
                             W/O V. NANDA KUMAR,
                             AGED ABOUT 28 YEARS.

                             BOTH ARE RESIDING AT:
                             NO.17/1A, 5TH CROSS,
                             GOKULA EXTENSION,
                             DIWANARAPALYA,
                             BENGALURU - 560 054.
                                                                ....PETITIONERS

                      (BY SRI. SUHAS P., ADVOCATE)
Digitally signed by
ARUNKUMAR M S
Location: HIGH
                      AND:
COURT OF
KARNATAKA             1. THE ASSISTANT COMMISSIONER
                         BENGALURU NORTH SUB-DIVISION,
                         BENGALURU.

                      2. SRI. VENKATESHAIAH
                         S/O LATE B. NANJUNDAIAH,
                         AGED ABOUT 70 YEARS.

                      3. SMT. HEMAVATHI
                         W/O B.N. VENKATESHAIAH,
                         AGED ABOUT 62 YEARS.
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   RESPONDENTS NO.2 AND 3 ARE
   R/AT: NO.17/1A, 5TH CROSS
   GOKULA EXTENSION,
   DIWANARAPALYA,
   BENGALURU - 560 054.
                                               ...RESPONDENTS

(BY SRI. MAHANTESH SHETTAR, AGA FOR R1;
SRI. SHIVANI SHETTY, ADVOCATE FOR R2;
SRI. ANANDEESWAR D.R., ADVOCATE FOR R3)


     THIS WRIT PETITION IS FILED UNDER ARTICLES 226
AND 227 OF THE CONSTITUTION OF INDIA, PRAYING TO
QUASH THE ORDER PASSED BY THE RESPONDENT NO.1 IN
CASE MSC/CR/81/2019-20 DATED 22ND APRIL, 2021 AGAINST
THE PETITIONERS VIDE ANNEXURE-A; AND ETC.

     THIS WRIT PETITION HAVING BEEN RESERVED FOR
ORDERS,    COMING      FOR    PRONOUNCEMENT         THIS    DAY,
E.S. INDIRESH J., MADE THE FOLLOWING:

CORAM: HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE E.S. INDIRESH

                         CAV ORDER

     In this writ petition, petitioners are challenging the order

dated 22nd April, 2021 (Annexure-A) passed by the respondent

No.1 in Case No.MSC/CR/81/2019-20, wherein the petition filed

by respondents 2 and 3 against the petitioners herein under

Sections 4, 5 and 22(2) of the Maintenance and Welfare of
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Parents and Senior Citizens Act, 2007 (for short, hereinafter

referred to as 'Senior Citizens Act') came to be allowed.


     2.      The facts in nutshell for the purpose of adjudication

of this writ petition are that the respondents 2 and 3 herein are

the parents of the petitioner No.1. The petitioner No.2 is the

Wife of the petitioner No.1.          The respondent No.2 is the

absolute owner of the Site bearing No.750 situate at Gokula, 1st

Stage, 2nd Phase, Diwanarapalya, Gokula Extension, Bengaluru.

It is stated that the petitioner No.1 had filed Original Suit

No.8815 of 2017 against the respondents 2 and 3 before the

competent Civil Court, seeking relief of partition and separate

possession in respect of the suit schedule properties.         In the

meanwhile,     respondents    2       and   3   have   filed    Case

No.MSC/CR/81/2019-20 before the respondent No.1 under

Sections 4, 5 and 22(2) of the Senior Citizens Act, seeking

possession of the land. The respondent No.1, after considering

the material on record, by order dated 22nd April, 2021

(Annexure-A) allowed the petition and directed the petitioners

herein to handover the vacant possession of the entire petition

schedule property subject to the orders passed by this Court, in
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Writ Petition No.15127 of 2019 dated 29th January, 2021 and in

the pending proceedings in Original Suit No.8815 of 2017.

Being aggrieved by the same, petitioners presented this writ

petition.


      3.       Heard Sri. Suhas P., learned counsel appearing for

petitioners;     Sri.   Mahantesh       Shettar,      learned   Additional

Government Advocate appearing for the respondent No.1; Sri.

Shivani Shetty, learned counsel appearing for respondent No.2;

and Sri. Anandeeswar D.R., learned counsel appearing for the

respondent No.3.


      4.       Sri. Suhas P., learned counsel for the petitioners

contended that the respondents 2 and 3 have filed petition

before the respondent No.1, seeking award of Rs.10,000/-

towards their maintenance, however, the respondent No.1

passed an order to evict the petitioners from the petition

schedule property, which is impermissible under law. It is also

argued by learned counsel appearing for the petitioners that

the   respondents       2   and   3    are   owning    other    immovable

properties including a Petrol Bunk and at the behest of the

daughter of the respondents 2 and 3, they have initiated the
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impugned proceedings against the petitioners. Accordingly, he

sought for interference of this Court.


        5.   Per      contra,   Sri.     Shivani    Shetty     and    Sri.

Anandeeswar         D.R.,   learned    counsel     appearing    for   the

respondents 2 and 3 respectively,           sought for eviction of the

petitioners on the ground that the respondents 2 and 3 are

under mental agony and suffering from the harassment from

the petitioners. Accordingly, they sought for eviction of the

petitioners for the schedule property.


        6.   Sri.     Mahantesh        Shettar,    learned     Additional

Government Advocate appearing for the respondent No.1

sought to justify the impugned order passed by the respondent

No.1.


        7.   In the light of the submission made by learned

counsel appearing for the parties, there is no dispute with

regard to relationship between the parties. The respondents 2

and 3 have approached the respondent No.1, seeking relief of

direction to the petitioners herein to pay a sum of Rs.10,000/-

per month towards their maintenance as well as sought for

eviction of the petitioners herein from the schedule property. It
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is also not in dispute that the petitioners herein have preferred

Original Suit No.8815 of 2017 before the competent Civil Court,

seeking relief of partition and separate possession. It is argued

at Bar that the said suit filed by the petitioners came to be

withdrawn.       It is also submitted by the learned counsel

appearing for the parties that the Writ Petition No.15127 of

2019 is also disposed of on 29th January, 2021.              It is not in

dispute that the respondent No.2 is owning a Petrol Bunk. In

the backdrop of these aspects, the respondent No.1 passed an

order allowing the petition filed by the respondents 2 and 3 and

directed the petitioners herein to hand over the vacant

possession of the schedule property.         The language employed

under Section 23 of the Senior Citizens Act, provides for

transfer of property to be invalidated if such, transfer is made

in derogation of not providing basic amenities for maintenance

of the Senior Citizens. The Hon'ble Supreme Court in the case

of SAMTOLA DEVI vs. STATE OF UTTAR PRADESH AND

OTHERS reported in 2025 SCC OnLine SC 669 at paragraphs

30 to 32 held as under:


             "30.   The Senior Citizens Act vide Chapter-II
      provides   for   maintenance    of   parents    and   senior
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     citizens.    It inter alia provides a senior citizen or a
     parent who is unable to maintain himself from his own
     earning owned by him shall be entitled to make an
     application against his parent or grand parent or
     against one or more of his children (not a minor) or
     where the senior citizen is issueless against specified
     relatives to fulfil his needs to enable him to lead a
     normal life. The Tribunal constituted under the Act on
     such an application may provide for the monthly
     allowance for the maintenance and expenses and in
     the event they fail to comply with the order, the
     Tribunal may for breach of the order issue a warrant
     for levying fines and may sentence such person to
     imprisonment for a term which may extent to one
     month or until payment is made whichever is earlier.

            31.     The provisions of the Senior Citizens Act,
     nowhere specifically provides for drawing proceedings
     for eviction of persons from any premises owned or
     belonging to such a senior person.         It is only on
     account of the observations made by this Court in S.
     Vanitha      vs.   Commissioner,    Bengaluru     Urban
     District and Ors. that the Tribunal under the Senior
     Citizens Act may also order eviction if it is necessary
     and expedient to ensure the protection of the senior
     citizens. The Tribunal thus head acquired jurisdiction to
     pass orders of eviction while exercising jurisdiction
     under Section 23 of the Senior Citizen Act which
     otherwise provide for treating the sale of the property
     to be void if it is against the interest of the senior
     citizen.
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           32.    The aforesaid decision was followed by
     this Court in Urmila Dixit (supra). However, even in
     the aforesaid case the court has only held that in a
     given case, the Tribunal "may order" eviction but it is
     not necessary and mandatory to pass an order of
     eviction in every case. The Appellate Tribunal has not
     recorded any reason necessitating the eviction of
     Krishna Kumar or that in the facts and circumstances
     of the case, it is expedient to order eviction so as to
     ensure the protection of the Senior Citizen."


     8.    It is also relevant to deduce the law declared by

Hon'ble Supreme Court in the case of KAMALAKANT MISHRA

vs. ADDITIONAL COLLECTOR AND OTHERS (SLP (Civil)

Dairy No.42786 of 2025 decided on 12th September, 2025)

reported in 2025 SCC OnLine SC 2077 particularly the

paragraph 7, which reads as under:


           "7.    The framework of the Act clearly notes
     that the law was enacted to address the plight of older
     persons, for their care and protection. Being a welfare
     legislation, its provisions must be construed liberally so
     as to advance its beneficent purpose. This Court on
     several occasions has observed that the Tribunal is
     well within its powers of a senior citizens, when there
     is a breach of the obligation to maintain the senior
     citizen. In the present case, despite being financially
     stable, the respondent has acted in breach of his
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     statutory obligations in not allowing the appellant to
     reside in the properties owned by him, thereby
     frustrating the very object of the Act. High Court fell
     in error in allowing the writ petition on a completely
     untenable ground."

     9.    It is also relevant to extract paragraphs 12 to 15 in

the case of SUDESH CHHIKARA vs. RAMTI DEVI AND

ANOTHER reported in (2024) 14 SCC 225, which reads as

under:

     "Consideration of submissions
           12. We have given careful consideration to the
     submissions. Before dealing with the factual aspects, it is
     necessary to advert to the legal aspects. The Sub-
     Divisional Magistrate acting as the Maintenance Tribunal
     under the 2007 Act has invoked the power under Section
     23 to declare that the subject release deed was void. The
     2007 Act has been enacted for the purpose of making
     effective provisions for the maintenance and welfare of
     parents and senior citizens guaranteed and recognised
     under the Constitution of India. The Maintenance Tribunal
     has been established under Section 7 to exercise various
     powers under the 2007 Act. Section 8 provides that the
     Maintenance Tribunal, subject to any rules which may be
     framed by the Government, has to adopt such summary
     procedure while holding inquiry, as it deems fit.
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         13. Apart from the power to grant maintenance, the
     Tribunal exercises important jurisdiction under Section 23
     of the 2007 Act which reads thus:

         "23.Transfer of property to be void in certain
     circumstances.--(1) Where any senior citizen who,
     after the commencement of this Act, has transferred
     by way of gift or otherwise, his property, subject to the
     condition that the transferee shall provide the basic
     amenities and basic physical needs to the transferor
     and such transferee refuses or fails to provide such
     amenities and physical needs, the said transfer of
     property shall be deemed to have been made by fraud
     or coercion or under undue influence and shall at the
     option of the transferor be declared void by the
     Tribunal.

        (2) Where any senior citizen has a right to receive
     maintenance out of an estate and such estate or part
     thereof is transferred, the right to receive maintenance
     may be enforced against the transferee if the
     transferee has notice of the right, or if the transfer is
     gratuitous; but not against the transferee for
     consideration and without notice of right.

         (3) If, any senior citizen is incapable of enforcing
     the rights under sub-sections (1) and (2), action may
     be taken on his behalf by any of the organisation
     referred to in Explanation to sub-section (1) of Section
     5."

                                             (emphasis supplied)

     14. Sub-section (1) of Section 23 covers all kinds of
  transfers as is clear from the use of the expression "by way
  of gift or otherwise". For attracting sub-section (1) of Section
  23, the following two conditions must be fulfilled:
        (a) The transfer must have been made subject to
     the condition that the transferee shall provide the
     basic amenities and basic physical needs to the
     transferor; and
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       (b) The transferee refuses or fails to provide such
     amenities and physical needs to the transferor.

  If both the aforesaid conditions are satisfied, by a legal
  fiction, the transfer shall be deemed to have been made by
  fraud or coercion or undue influence. Such a transfer then
  becomes voidable at the instance of the transferor and the
  Maintenance Tribunal gets jurisdiction to declare the transfer
  as void.


     15. When a senior citizen parts with his or her property
  by executing a gift or a release or otherwise in favour of his
  or her near and dear ones, a condition of looking after the
  senior citizen is not necessarily attached to it. On the
  contrary, very often, such transfers are made out of love and
  affection without any expectation in return. Therefore, when
  it is alleged that the conditions mentioned in sub-section (1)
  of Section 23 are attached to a transfer, existence of such
  conditions must be established before the Tribunal."

  10.        On   careful   consideration   of   the   aforementioned

judgments, I am of the view that the Tribunal is bound to

invalidate the transaction made by the Senior Citizens, only

when the Transferee fails to provide the basic amenities and

physical needs to the Transferor and ought to have declared

such transaction as void. The facts on record and also the

Photographs produced along with writ papers makes it clear
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that the respondents 2 and 3 are deriving financial benefits

from the Petrol Bunk and have immovable properties. There is

no alienation of property by the respondents 2 and 3 in favour

of the petitioners.   In that view of the matter, taking into

consideration fact that the respondent No.1 had ordered for

maintenance of Rs.10,000/- per month from the petitioners to

the respondents 2 and 3 herein in the claim petition, I am of

the view that the finding recorded by the respondent No.1 to

order for eviction of the petitioners from the schedule property

would go against the object of the Senior Citizens Act.


     11.   It is also forthcoming from the writ petition that

there are three floors in the house in which the respondents 2

and 3 are residing. Therefore, there is no impediment for the

respondents 2 and 3 to allow the petitioners herein to reside in

the one of the three floors since, the same would not come in

the way of wellbeing of the respondents 2 and 3, if so desires.

Therefore, I find force in the submission made by learned

counsel appearing for the petitioners that the respondent No.1

committed an error in allowing the petition and having

determined the maintenance to be payable by the petitioners
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herein, erroneously ordered for eviction of the petitioners from

the schedule property, which is per se contrary to the Senior

Citizens.   In that view of the matter, the impugned order

passed by the respondent No.1 requires to be set-aside in this

writ petition. In the result, I pass the following:


                            ORDER

i) Writ petition allowed;

ii) Impugned order dated 22nd April, 2021 (Annexure-A) passed by the respondent No.1 is hereby set-aside.

SD/-

(E.S.INDIRESH) JUDGE